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Agronomic Use of Slurry from Anaerobic Digestion of Agroindustrial Residues: Effects on Crop and Soil

Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2014年第1期4卷 87-96页

作者： Amabelia del Pino Omar Casanova Mónica Barbazán Victoria Mancassola Laura Arló Liliana Borzacconi Mauricio Passeggi departamento de ingeniería de Reactores Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de la República Montevideo Uruguay departamento de Suelos y Aguas Facultad de Agronomía Universidad de la República Montevideo Uruguay

In a greenhouse experiment we evaluated the application of slurry generated by a biogas reactor of agroindustrial residues. The objectives of this study were to determine the response to slurry application on dry matter production and nutrients absorption of Setaria italica (setaria), and to evaluate the effect of the slurry on soil properties. Two soils, of different texture, were mixed either with slurry or with diammonium phofsphate (DAP) at 0, 80, and160 kgN ha-1 equivalent rates. The setaria was harvested 68 days after planting, and separated into leaves plus stems, ears, and roots. Total biomass and content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were determined in each fraction. In the soil we determined pH, electric conductivity (EC), organic C, available P, mineral N, and exchangeable cations. Although the biomass produced and the amounts of nutrients absorbed were different in the two soils, in both of them setaria responded to the slurry application. The amounts of N absorbed from slurry and DAP were similar, indicating that the N from the slurry was readily available. The slurry application also increased the absorption of other macro and micro nutrients (P, Ca, Mg, and Zn). No significant changes in soil exchangeable cations, pH, and EC were observed at setaria harvest. In the silty soil the crop almost depleted the mineral N in all treatments, but in the sandy soil large amounts were left, especially in the treatments with slurry. This fact highlights the importance of a careful dosage of this soil amendment, to avoid the excess of mineral N, which is potential pollutant for the environment. It can be concluded that the use of slurry from the reactor had a positive effect on the nutrients availability, without negative effects on soil properties.

关键词： Biosolids Biogas Slurry Setaria Italica Uruguay

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<i>Ustilago maydis</i>, a delicacy of the Aztec Cuisine and a Model for Research

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Natural Resources 2014年第6期5卷 256-267页

作者： Claudia G. León-Ramírez José Alejandro Sánchez-Arreguín José Ruiz-Herrera departamento de ingeniería Genética Unidad Irapuato Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Irapuato Gto México

Ustilago maydis is the causal agent of the disease known as corn smut or Huitlacohe;their natural hosts are maize (Zea mays L.) and its putative ancestor teocintle (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis and ssp. mexicana). In México there is an evidence of its use as human food since pre-hispanic times. Huitlacoche is a typical Mexican food with interesting nutritional properties and distinctive flavor. Its use in cuisine is considered as a culinary delicacy in Mexico and several parts of the world and the current consumption is increasing markedly, mainly due to its exclusive flavor different from any other known food. Huitlacoche contains proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals and vitamins that contribute to its nutritional value, also it has been reported that it contains proteins with balanced levels of essential amino acids, something which does not occur in corn having a deficiency mostly in lysine. The fungus also contains compounds with antioxidant properties, consequently it can be included in what are now known as nutraceutical foods. Besides its use in the food, this fungus has been used in different kinds of basic investigation, such as DNA recombination, signaling, cell biology, biotrophic plant-pathogen interactions and others. Its characteristics of dimorphism, and the detailed knowledge we have on its pathogenic development, that we describe in detail, make it an ideal subject for the analysis of fungal differentiation, and for the knowledge of the behavior of the highly aggressive plant pathogens that are members of its taxonomic group, the Ustilaginales. In the present communication we make a thorough review of the nutritional characteristics of U. maydis, its life cycle, and the molecular bases of its differentiation, morpohogenesis and pathogenicity.

关键词： Ustilago maydis Huitlacoche Nutraceutical Basidiocarps Virulence

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Growth phenology adjusts to seasonal changes in water availability in coexisting evergreen and deciduous mediterranean oaks

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第5期10卷 535-546页

作者： Filipe Campelo Alvaro Rubio-Cuadrado Fernando Montes Michele Colangelo Cristina Valeriano J.Julio Camarero department of Life Sciences University of CoimbraCalçada Martim de FreitasCoimbra3000-456Portugal departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y Del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de MadridCiudad Universitaria S/n28040MadridSpain Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Avda.Montanana 1005E-50192ZaragozaSpain departamento de Dinamica y Gestion Forestal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA-CSIC)Ctra.La Coruna Km 7.528040MadridSpain Scuola di Scienze Agrarie ForestaliAlimentari e AmbientaliUniversita Della BasilicataViale Dell’Ateneo Lucano 1085100PotenzaItaly

Different leaf(evergreen *** habit)and xylem(***-porous wood)traits represent contrasting strategies to face seasonal changes in water availability and ***,how contrasting leaf and xylem habits of coexisting tree species affect stem wood formation and tree-ring development remains poorly ***,we investigated the spatio-temporal patterns of wood formation in two deciduous oaks(Quercus faginea and Quercus petraea)and two evergreen oaks(Quercus ilex and Quercus suber)coexisting in seasonally dry Mediterranean forests along an aridity gradient in *** hypothesized that growth responses to drought and intra-and inter-annual growth patterns would differ between functional *** simulated intra-and interannual growth using a modified version of the Vaganov-Shashkin(VS)process-based,growth *** VS model simulations were used to estimate growth changes under a high emission scenario(RCP 8.5)for the current distribution of the study oak species and to forecast their future performance under warm(4.8℃)conditions in the Iberian *** simulations indicate that climate warming would induce a shortening of the ringgrowth season and a reduction of radial growth in evergreen and deciduous Mediterranean oaks,particularly in dry sites from southern and eastern Iberia currently occupied by *** and *** oaks may better recover after dry periods than deciduous oaks by resuming growth after the summer *** soil water availability in spring would be more detrimental to growth of deciduous ***-based growth models should be refined and validated to better forecast changes in tree growth as a function of climate.

关键词： Process-based growth model Quercus ilex Quercus suber Quercus faginea Quercus petraea Tree-ring growth

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Hepatocyte culture in a radial-flow bioreactor with plasma polypyrrole coated scaffolds

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BIOCELL 2015年第2期39卷 9-14页

作者： Odin RAMÍREZ-FERNÁNdeZ Rafael GODÍNEZ Esmeralda ZUÑIGA-AGUILAR Luis E.GÓMEZ-QUIROZ María C.GUTIÉRREZ-RUIZ Juan MORALES Roberto OLAYO departamento de ingeniería Eléctrica Universidad Autónoma MetropolitanaUnidad IztapalapaApdo.Postal 55-534IztapalapaMéxico. departamento de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma MetropolitanaUnidad IztapalapaApdo.Postal 55-534IztapalapaMéxico departamento de Física Universidad Autónoma MetropolitanaUnidad IztapalapaApdo.Postal 55-534IztapalapaMéxico

We have designed and evaluated a radial-flow bioreactor for three-dimensional liver carcinoma cell culture on a new porous coated *** designed a culture chamber where a radial flow of culture medi-um was continuously delivered through *** this system was established,flow was simulated using flow dy-namics software based on numeric methods to solve Navier-Stockes flow *** within cell culture scaffolds was simulated using a flow velocity of 7 mL/min and found that cell culture medium was distributed unhindered in the bioreactor ***,the bioreactor was built according to the simulated design and was tested with liver carcinoma cells(HepG2)cultured over an L-polylactic acid scaffold whose surface was modified with iodine-doped *** bioreactor was tested under non-flow and in radial flow *** density under radial flow conditions was almost double than that under static conditions and both total protein and albumin output was also increased under radial flow conditions.

关键词： Cell Cultures Flow Simulation Flow Features HepG2 Cells Plasma Polymerization

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Meyer-Neldel Rule in Plasma Polythiophene Thin Films

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2014年第3期4卷 31-37页

作者： J. Cuauhtemoc Palacios M. Guadalupe Olayo Guillermo J. Cruz J. A. Chávez-Carvayar departamento de Física Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares Ocoyoacac México Facultad de ingeniería Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Toluca México.

In polymers, the electronic activation energy depends on the fragmentation, crosslinking, dopants, moisture and in general on the structure-environment interaction. This has a special importance in plasma polymers because fragmentation and crosslinking are usually higher than in other polymers. In this work, DC electrical conductivity of polythiophene thin films prepared by plasma (pPTh) was studied using the Meyer-Neldel (MN) rule to calculate the characteristic MN energy and temperature as a function of moisture and metallic dopants. The experimental data for pPTh synthesized in different conditions indicated that EM = 32 meV and TM = 373 K, suggesting a thermally activated conduction mechanism;however, in polymer-metal matrices with metal concentration higher than the percolation threshold, the conduction mechanism is different causing that the MN rule was only partially fulfilled. The congruence of the experimental data with the multiexcitation entropy model is discussed.

关键词： Polythiophene Plasma Conductivity Meyer-Neldel Rule Multi-Excitation Entropy Model

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development of a soil quality index“SQI”from a former open dump:Dynamics of C and N mineralization

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第4期6卷 241-255页

作者： Bianka Guadalupe Salas-Enriquez Héctor Iván Bedolla-Rivera María de la Luz Xochilt Negrete-Rodríguez AidéMinerva Torres-Huerta Miguel Antonio Domínguez-Crespo Ángeles Iveth Licona-Aguilar Eloy Conde-Barajas Subdirección de Salvaguardia Estratégica PEMEXAve.5 de Mayo No.150Col.San Lorenzo TlaltenangoAlcaldía Miguel HidalgoCDMX 11210Mexico departamento de Posgrado de ingeniería Bioquímica TNM/IT de CelayaAve.Tecnológico y A.García Cubas No.600Celaya 38010GuanajuatoMexico departamento de ingeniería Bioquímica y Ambiental TNM/IT de CelayaAve.Tecnológico y A García Cubas No.600Celaya 38010GuanajuatoMexico Instituto Politécnico Nacional UPIIHCiudad del conocimiento y la culturaCarretera Pachuca-Actopan km.1+500San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42162HidalgoMexico

Biosolids boost OM mineralization,enhancing soil *** biosolid doses improve soil conditions ***,with Nmin,efficiently gauges soil quality,simplifying *** development triggers environmental *** address this issue and mitigate its consequences on the environment and human health,urban wastewater treatment plants are commonly employed to produce treated water and ***,biosolid disposals pose issues due to space limits and leachate *** study investigates the potential of using biosolids as an organic amendment to remediate soil contaminated with leachate from an open dump in *** with different doses of biosolids were tested(control,without addition of biosolids;high,medium,and low doses,with a C/N=8,10,12 respectively).The physicochemical and biological characteristics of the soil and biosolids were analyzed,and the dynamics of carbon and nitrogen mineralization over time were *** developed soil quality index,primarily based on the mineralized nitrogen indicator,differentiated soil quality among treatments,showing values of moderate quality for the treatments(high,medium,and low doses(0.56,0.48,0.40,respectively)and low quality for the control(0.34)).The use of biosolids as an organic amendment improved soil quality by increasing organic matter and microbial *** quality indices emerges as a practical tool for monitoring the remediation of leachate-contaminated open dump soils in Mexico and similar contexts worldwide.

关键词： remediation organic amendment soil quality biosolids nonlinear regression model

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Metallic Interaction in Polythiophene-Ti Plasma Composites

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2013年第2期3卷 34-38页

作者： J. Cuauhtémoc Palacios Ma. Guadalupe Olayo Guillermo J. Cruz departamento de Física Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares Ocoyoacac México Facultad de ingeniería Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Toluca México

This work presents a study about the structure and morphology of thin plasma composite films of polythiophene (PTh) with metallic particles of Ti (PTh-Ti). The objective was to study the water affinity and electric conductivity in PTh with the addition of metallic phases. The hydrophilicity was studied with the contact angles formed between water and surfaces, and the electric conductivity was calculated with the resistance measured in a two-probe device. The structure and morphology of the composites were studied with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that PTh-Ti formed thin films of hybrid composites with oxidized Ti and Fe additional particles released from the electrodes used in the syntheses. The metallic fraction resulted in 2 diffraction angles at 31.6° and 66.1° product of the complex interaction among Ti, resembling orthorhombic TiO2 structures, and PTh. The metallic particles and iodine, added as a dopant to the composites to increase conductivity, reduced the hydrophilicity with water in a competition between roughness and chemical composition. In these conditions, the contact angles resulted between 46° and 75°. The electric conductivity was about 10-6 S/m increasing one order of magnitude with the metallic fraction. However, the high resistance of the polymeric fraction apparently dominates the transference of charges.

关键词： Polythiophene Titanium Composites Plasma

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Europium recovery process by means of polymeric nanoparticles functionalized with acrylic acid,curcumin and fumaramide

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1950-1959页

作者： P.A.Martínez-Montoya J.M del Río A.de J.Morales-Ramirez M.Corea Escuela Superior de ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas ESIQIE-IPNDepartamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica UPALM S/N Col.LindavistaGustao A.MaderoCDMXC.P.07738Mexico Escuela Superior de ingenieria Química e Industrias Extractivas ESIQIE-IPNLaboratorio de Investigación en Polímeros y NanomaterialesUPALM S/N Col.LindavistaGustavoA.MaderoCDMXC.P.07738Mexico Centra de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica CIITEC-IPNCda.de CECATIs/nSanta CatarinaAzcapotzalcoC.P.02250CDMXMexico

Polymeric nanoparticles of poly(methyl methacrylate)were obtained by emulsion polymerization techniques in a proce ss of two *** particles were functionalized with acrylic acid,curcumin,and fumaramide and three series of polymeric particles were *** incorporation of functional groups was confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared spectrosocopy(FT-IR)and ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)*** spherical morphology of particles with an average diameter of 100 nm was observed by scartning electron microscopy(SEM).The polymeric materials were used for recovery of[Eu]from synthetic *** nanoparticles show excellent chelation capacity to trap rare-earth ions,because they recover more than 85%of[Eu]at pH of *** images of SEM after extraction process show arrays between particles with larger average particle sizes to 1.5 *** addition,the particles have a good stripping capacity,exceeding 50%of it,maintaining their homogeneity in morphology and good stability in dispersion for the recovery and stripping processes.A pseudo-second model order is obtained for the extraction and stripping processes while the best results of stripping process are obtained at pH of 6.

关键词： [Eu]recovery Chelating effect Extraction process Stripping process Emulsion polymerization Rare earths

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Mapping the Genetic Diversity of Castanea sativa: Exploiting Spatial Analysis for Biogeography and Conservation Studies

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2016年第2期8卷 248-259页

作者： Francesca Chiocchini Claudia Mattioni Paola Pollegioni Ilaria Lusini Maria Angela Martín Marcello Cherubini Marco Lauteri Fiorella Villani C.N.R. Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology Terni Italy departamento de ingeniería del Medio Agronómico y Forestal Avda. Virgen del Puerto 2 Centro Universitario de Plasencia Universidad de Extremadura Caceres Spain

The current distribution of forest tree species is a result of natural or human mediated historical and contemporary processes. Knowledge of the spatial distribution of the diversity and divergence of populations is crucial for managing and conserving genetic resources in forest tree species. By combining tools from population genetics, landscape ecology and spatial statistics, landscape genetics thus represents a powerful method for evaluating the geographic patterns of genetic resources at the population level. In this study, we explore the possibility of combining genetic diversity data, spatial statistic tools and GIS technologies to map the genetic divergence and diversity of 31 Castanea sativa populations collected in Spain, Italy, Greece, and Turkey. The IDW technique was used to interpolate the diversity values and divergence indices as expected hetereozygosity (He), allelic richness (Rs), private allelic richness (PRs), and membership values (Q) of each population to different clusters. Genetic diversity maps and a synthetic map of the spatial genetic structure of European chestnut populations were produced. Spatial coincidences between landscape elements and statistically significant genetic discontinuities between populations were investigated. Evidence is provided of the significance of cartographic outputs produced in the study and on their usefulness in managing genetic resources.

关键词： Landscape Genetics Microsatellites Genetic Structure Spatial Interpolation Genetic Barriers

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Sol-gel derived B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate bioactive glasses with hemostatic,antibacterial and pro-angiogenic activities

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 108-118页

作者： Kai Zheng Faina Bider Mahshid Monavari Zhiyan Xu Christina Janko Christoph Alexiou Ana M.Beltran Aldo R.Boccaccini Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine College of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Institute of Biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck SurgerySection of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine(SEON)Else Kroener-Fresenius-Stiftung ProfessorshipUniversitaetsklinikum Erlangen91058 ErlangenGermany departamento de ingenier�ıa y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte Escuela Politecnica

Sol-gel borate bioactive glasses(BGs)are promising ion-releasing biomaterials for wound healing ***,we report the synthesis of a series of binary B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate BGs(CaO ranging from 50 to 90mol%)using a sol-gel-based *** influence of CaO content in B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate BG on morphology,structure and ion release behavior was investigated in *** dissolution(ion release)and crystallization could be observed in borate BGs when CaO content increased,while the morphology was not significantly altered by increasing CaO *** results evidenced that the ion release behavior of borate BGs could be tailored by tuning the B_(2)O_(3)/CaO molar *** also evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity,hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities of borate *** was validated for all borate ***,borate BGs exhibited composition-dependent hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic ***,higher contents of Ca in borate BGs facilitated hemostatic activity,while higher contents of B_(2)O_(3) were beneficial for pro-angiogenic *** synthesized sol-gel-derived borate BGs are promising materials for developing advanced wound healing dressings,given their fast ion release behavior and favorable hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities.

关键词： borate glasses sol-gel processing glass composition wound healing

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