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cAMP:A second messenger involved in the mechanism of midgut alkalinization in Lutzomyia longipalpis

Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1059-1070页

作者： denise Barguil Nepomuceno Grasielle Caldas D’Ávila Pessoa Leonardo Barbosa Koerich Marcos Horácio Pereira Mauricio Roberto Viana Sant'Anna Ricardo Nascimento Araújo Nelder Figueiredo Gontijo Laboratório de fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos Departamento de Parasitologia/ICBUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil

The sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of Leishmania infantum in the Americas.Female sand flies ingest sugar-rich solutions and blood,which are digested in the midgut.Digestion of nutrients is an essential function performed by digestive enzymes,which require appropriate physiological conditions.One of the main aspects that influence enzymatic activity is the gut pH,which must be tightly controlled.Considering second messengers are frequently involved in the coordination of tightly regulated physiological events,we investigated if the second messenger cAMP would participate in the process of alkalinization in the abdominal midgut of female L.longipalpis.In midguts containing the indicator dye bromothymol-blue,cAMP stimulated the alkalinization of the midgut lumen.Through another technique based on the use of fluorescein as a pH indicator,we propose that cAMP is involved in the alkalinization of the midgut by activating HCO3-transport from the enterocyte's cytoplasm to the lumen.The results strongly suggested that the carrier responsible for this process would be a HCO3−/Cl−antiporter located in the enterocytes’apical membrane.Hematophagy promotes the release of alkalinizing hormones in the hemolymph;however,when the enzyme adenylyl cyclase,responsible for cAMP production,was inhibited,we observed that the hemolymph from blood-fed L.longipalpis’females did not stimulate midgut alkalinization.This result indicated that hormone-stimulated alkalinization is mediated by cAMP.In the present study,we provide evidences that cAMP has a key role in the control of intestinal pH.

关键词： abdominal midgut alkalinization cAMP HCO_(3)^(-)/Cl^(-)antiport hormone Lulcomyia longipalpis

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deciphering the role of PGC-1α in neurological disorders: from mitochondrial dysfunction to synaptic failure

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 237-245页

作者： Jessica D.Panes Aline Wendt Oscar Ramirez-Molina Patricio A.Castro Jorge Fuentealba Laboratorio de Screening de Compuestos Neuroactivos(LSCN) Departamento de FisiologiaFacultad de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile Centro de Investigaciones Avanzadas en Biomedicina(CIAB-UdeC) Facultad de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile departamento de fisiologia Facultad de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile

The onset and mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases remain uncertain. The main features of neurodegenerative diseases have been related with cellular and molecular events like neuronal loss, mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant accumulation of misfolded proteins or peptides in specific areas of the brain. The most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases belonging to age-related pathologies are Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Interestingly, mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed to occur during the early onset of several neuropathological events associated to neurodegenerative diseases. The master regulator of mitochondrial quality control and energetic metabolism is the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha(PGC-1α). Additionally, it has been observed that PGC-1α appears to be a key factor in maintaining neuronal survival and synaptic transmission. In fact, PGC-1α downregulation in different brain areas(hippocampus, substantia nigra, cortex, striatum and spinal cord) that occurs in function of neurological damage including oxidative stress, neuronal loss, and motor disorders has been seen in several animal and cellular models of neurodegenerative diseases. Current evidence indicates that PGC-1α upregulation may serve as a potent therapeutic approach against development and progression of neuronal damage. Remarkably, increasing evidence shows that PGC-1α deficient mice have neurodegenerative diseases-like features, as well as neurological abnormalities. Finally, we discuss recent studies showing novel specific PGC-1α isoforms in the central nervous system that appear to exert a key role in the age of onset of neurodegenerative diseases and have a neuroprotective function in the central nervous system, thus opening a new molecular strategy for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the PGC-1α role in the physio

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Huntington's disease mitochondrial dysfunction Parkinson's disease PGC-1α synaptic function vascular dementia

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The Periaqueductal Gray and Its Extended Participation in Drug Addiction Phenomena

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第10期37卷 1493-1509页

作者： Priscila Vazquez-Leon Abraham Miranda-Paez Jesus Chavez-Reyes Gonzalo Allende Paulino Barragan-Iglesias Bruno A.Marichal-Cancino departamento de fisiologia y farmacologia Centro de Ciencias BasicasUniversidad Autonoma de AguascalientesCiudad Universitaria20131 AguascalientesAgs.Mexico departamento de fisiologia Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiologicasInstituto Politecnico NacionalWilfrido Massieu esq.Manuel Stampa s/n Col.Nueva Industrial Vallejo07738 Gustavo A.MaderoMexico CityMexico

The periaqueductal gray(PAG)is a complex mesencephalic structure involved in the integration and execution of active and passive self-protective behaviors against imminent threats,such as immobility or flight from a predator.PAG activity is also associated with the integration of responses against physical discomfort(e.g.,anxiety,fear,pain,and disgust)which occurs prior an imminent attack,but also during withdrawal from drugs such as morphine and cocaine.The PAG sends and receives projections to and from other well-documented nuclei linked to the phenomenon of drug addiction including:(i)the ventral tegmental area;(ii)extended amygdala;(iii)medial prefrontal cortex;(iv)pontine nucleus;(v)bed nucleus of the stria terminalis;and(vi)hypothalamus.Preclinical models have suggested that the PAG contributes to the modulation of anxiety,fear,and nociception(all of which may produce physical discomfort)linked with chronic exposure to drugs of abuse.Withdrawal produced by the major pharmacological classes of drugs of abuse is mediated through actions that include participation of the PAG.In support of this,there is evidence of functional,pharmacological,molecular.And/or genetic alterations in the PAG during the impulsive/compulsive intake or withdrawal from a drug.Due to its small size,it is difficult to assess the anatomical participation of the PAG when using classical neuroimaging techniques,so its phys-iopathology in drug addiction has been underestimated and poorly documented.In this theoretical review,we discuss the involvement of the PAG in drug addiction mainly via its role as an integrator of responses to the physical discomfort associated with drug withdrawal.

关键词： Periaqueductal gray Reward circuit Antireward circuit Alcohol Caffeine Cannabis Opioids Stimulants

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Vascular endothelial growth factor：an essential neurotrophic factor for motoneurons？

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第7期13卷 1181-1182页

作者： Paula M.Calvo Angel M.Pastor Rosa R.de la Cruz departamento de fisiologia Facultad de Biologia Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain

Vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）,an angiogenic factor with neuroprotective effects：The VEGF was initially characterized by its vasculogenic and angiogenic activities and its capacity to promote vascular permeability（yancopoulos et al.,2000）.VEGF is also known as VEGF-A and is the prototype member of a related group of five trophic factors,VEGF-B,VEGF-C,VEGF-D and placental growth factor（Pl GF;Lange et al.,2016）.

关键词： VEGFR Vascular endothelial growth factor:an essential neurotrophic factor for motoneurons

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Classical olfactory conditioning promotes long-term memory and improves odor-cued flight orientation in the South American native bumblebee Bombus pauloensis

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Current Zoology 2021年第5期67卷 561-563页

作者： denise NERy Florencia PALOTTINI Walter M.FARINA Laboratorio de Insectos Sociales Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia ExperimentalFacultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Instituto de fisiologia Biologia Molecular y Neurociencias(IFIBYNE)CONICET-Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

When collecting a flower,bumblebees learn to associate floral features with reward,preferring,and specializing in the most profitable ones they visit(Chittka et al.1999).The proboscis extension reflex(PER)occurs naturally in the feeding context allowing individuals to access the floral nectaries.Under controlled conditions,the PER paradigm is a well-established controlled learning procedure used in honeybees(Takeda 1961),and some bumblebees of the genus Bombus(Laloi et al.1999).The assessment of cognitive capacities in an operant context has been studied mainly in B.terrestris and B.impatiens(Chittka 1998;Mirwan and Kevan 2014).However,little is known about the ability to evoke associative memories in an operant context,which had been acquired in a classical one.In turn,on the contrary,the Bombus genus also has the capacity to form longterm memories(Chittka 1998;McAulay et al.2015).In particular,the South American bumblebee B.pauloensis(sin.B.atratus)can learn a pure odor when it is presented in a paired association with a sugar reward within a PER paradigm(Palottini et al.2018).As other species,this one is a commercially reared pollinator that is increasingly managed in pollination services of some South American countries and they could be important for increasing production of crops(Palottini et al.2018).

关键词： crops sugar associative

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Anti-inflammatory intestinal activity of Combretum duarteanum Cambess. in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid colitis model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第8期23卷 1353-1366页

作者： Gedson Rodrigues de Morais Lima Flavia Danniele Frota MachadoLarissa Lucena Périco Felipe Meira de Faria Anderson Luiz-Ferreira Alba Regina Monteiro Souza Brito Cláudia Helena Pellizzon Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima Josean Fechine Tavares JoséMaria Barbosa Filho LeOnia Maria Batista departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas Centro de Ciências da SaúdeLaboratório de Farmacologia do Trato GastrintestinalUniversidade Federal da Paraíba(UFPB)Cidade Universitária departamento de fisiologia Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Estadual Paulista departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional Instituto de BiologiaUniversidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMP departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto de BiotecnologiaUniversidade Federal de Goiás departamento de Morfologia Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Estadual Paulista

AIM To evaluate the anti-inflammatory intestinal effect of the ethanolic extract(EtO HE) and hexane phase(HexP) obtained from the leaves of Combretum duarteanum(Cd).METHODS Inflammatory bowel disease was induced using trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid in acute and relapsed ulcerative colitis in rat models. Damage scores, and biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Both Cd-Et OHE and Cd-Hex P caused significant reductions in macroscopic lesion scores and ulcerative l e sionareas. The vegetable samples inhibited myeloperoxidase increase, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. Anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 also increased in animals treated with the tested plant samples. The anti-inflammatory intestinal effect is related to decreased expression of cyclooxygenase-2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and an increase in superoxide dismutase. CONCLUSION The data indicate anti-inflammatory intestinal activity. The effects may also involve participation of the antioxidant system and principal cytokines relating to inflammatory bowel disease.

关键词： Combretum duarteanum 药用的植物 Combretaceae 煽动性的肠疾病反煽动性的肠的活动

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Neurotrophic factors in Alzheimer＇s and Parkinson＇s diseases： implications for pathogenesis and therapy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第4期12卷 549-557页

作者： Tuane Bazanella Sampaio Anne Suely Savall Maria Eduarda Ziani Gutlerrez Simone Proton departamento de farmacologia Centro de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal de Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisSCBrazil Universidade Federal do Pampa-Campus Uruguaiana UruguaianaRSBrazil

Neurotrophic factors comprise essential secreted proteins that have several functions in neural and non-neural tissues, mediating the development, survival and maintenance of peripheral and central nervous system. Therefore, neurotrophic factor issue has been extensively investigated into the context of neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer＇s disease and Parkinson＇s disease show changes in the regulation of specific neurotrophic factors and their receptors, which appear to be critical for neuronal degeneration. Indeed, neurotrophic factors prevent cell death in degenerative processes and can enhance the growth and function of affected neurons in these disorders. Based on recent reports, this review discusses the main findings related to the neurotrophic factor support – mainly brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor – in the survival, proliferation and maturation of affected neurons in Alzheimer＇s disease and Parkinson＇s disease as well as their putative application as new therapeutic approach for these diseases management.

关键词： BDNF CDNF GDNF NGF neurodegenerative diseases treatment

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Hybridization despite elaborate courtship behavior and female choice in Neotropical tree frogs

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第2期18卷 208-224页

作者： Renato C.NALI Kelly R.ZAMUDIO Cynthia P.A.PRADO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Evolução e BiodiversidadeInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Estadual PaulistaRio ClaroSão PauloBrazil department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA department of Integrative Biology University of TexasAustinTexasUSA departamento de Morfologia e fisiologia Animal Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e VeterináriasUniversidade Estadual Paulista“Júlio de Mesquita Filho”JaboticabalSão PauloBrazil

The mechanisms of hybridization can be elucidated by analyzing genotypes as well as phenotypes that could act as premating barriers,as the reproductive interactions among heterospeciﬁcs can alter the evolutionary history of species.In frogs,hybrids typically occur among species that reproduce explosively(in dense aggregations)with few opportunities for mate selection but are rare in species with elaborate courtship behaviors that may prevent erroneous mating.Using 21 microsatellite markers,we examined hybridization in the prolonged-breeding tree frogs Bokermannohyla ibitiguara and B.sazimai sampled within a contact zone in the Brazilian savanna(72 tadpoles;74 adults).We also compared acoustic and morphological data.We conﬁrmed both parental species genetically;STRUCTURE results conﬁrmed 14 hybrids,11 of which were second-generation according to NEWHyBRIDS,all with intermediate values of genetic dissimilarities compared to the parentals.Morphological and acoustic analyses revealed that hybrids showed variable but not necessarily intermediate phenotypes.Moreover,2 hybrids exhibited call types different from parentals.The reproduction of B.ibitiguara involves territorial and aggressive males,elaborate courtships with acoustic and tactile stimuli,choosy females,and opportunistic strategies.Our study uncovers a rare case of viable hybridization among closely related frogs with such a combination of complex courtship behaviors and mate choice.We discuss the likely directionality and mechanisms behind this phenomenon,and highlight the importance of investigating hybridization even in species that show elaborate reproduction and female choice to advance our understanding of animal diversiﬁcation.

关键词： heterospeciﬁc mating hybrid zone Hylidae microsatellites prolonged-breeding

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Effect of dietary supplementation with olive and sunflower oils on lipid profile and liver histology in rats fed high cholesterol diet

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第6期10卷 609-613页

作者： Sandra Mara Pimentel Duavy Gerson Javier Torres Salazar Gerlania de Oliveira Leite Assis Ecker Nilda Vargas Barbosa departamento de Química Universidade Regional do Cariri(URCA)Campus Pimenta departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Ciências Biológicas:Bioquímica ToxicológicaUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria(UFSM)Campus Universitário-Camobi departamento de farmacologia Programa de Pós-Graduacao em FarmacologiaUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria(UFSM)Campus Universitário-Camobi

Objective: To compare the effects of high-monounsaturated(MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) against the metabolic disorders elicited by a high-cholesterol diet(HC) in rats. Methods: Using in vivo dietary manipulation, rats were fed with different diets containing 4% soybean oil(cholesterol free diet) and 1% HC containing 12% olive oil(HC+OO) enriched with MUFA and 12% sunflower oil(HC+SO) enriched with PUFA for 60 d. Serum lipid levels and hepatic steatosis were evaluated after the treatment period. Results: Comparatively, rats treated with HC+OO diet experienced a decrease in the serum LDL-C, VLDL-C and CT levels compared to those fed with HC+SO diet(Py in the acinar zone 1 of liver compared to the HC+SO diet. Based on this, the reduction of the LDL-C, VLDL-C and CT serum levels in the animals treated with HC+OO diet can be caused by the delay in the FA release to the blood.

关键词： Cholesterol diets Olive oil Sunflower oil Serum lipids Liver steatosis

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Physiological plasticity in eucalyptus clones in the vegetative stage contributes to drought tolerance

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第5期34卷 1549-1561页

作者： Vilma Marques Ferreira Jailma Ribeiro de Andrade Claudiana Moura dos Santos Sebastiao de Oliveira Maia Júnior Joao Correia de Araújo Neto Andrea Francisca da Silva Santos Vicente Mota da Silva Lucas Teles Bezerra Laurício Endres Laboratório de fisiologia Vegetal Campus de Engenharia e Ciências AgráriasUniversidade Federal de AlagoasRio LargoAL57072-900Brazil Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais e Biodiversidade Departamento de Zootecnia.Centro de Ciências AgráriasUniversidade Estadual do MaranhãoSão LuísMA65300-000Brazil Laboratório de Propagação de Plantas.Campus de Engenharia e Ciências Agrárias Universidade Federal de AlagoasRio LargoAL57072-900Brazil Laboratório de Lepidoptera Museu de ZoologiaUniversidade de São PauloIpirangaSão PauloSP04263-000Brazil

With the expansion of eucalyptus crops to areas with severe water limitations,physiological studies involving eucalyptus clones to identify those that are tolerant to water stress become important.The objective of this study was to assess morphological and physiological responses by eucalyptus clones subjected to drought stress and rehydration.The experiment consisted of three eucalyptus clones:VC865,I224 and I144 and two water regimes:control and water stress followed by rehydration,with six replicates.Leaf water potential,gas exchange,maximum quantum efficiency of photo systemⅡand plant height and stem diameter were evaluated under drought stress and rehydration.After6 d of rehydration,the number of leaves,leaf area and dry mass of root,leaf,stem and their total were evaluated.All clones showed intense reduction of gas exchange during the drought stress period,and only VC865 and 1144 showed rapid recovery with 3 d of rehydration.Clone 1224 showed greater reduction in height,stem diameter,number of leaves,water potential at midday(Ψ_(w)_(Midday)),and maximum quantum efficiency of photosystemⅡ(F_(v)/F_(m)).Clones VC865and T144 showed lower reductions inΨ_(wMidday)and F_(v)/F_(m) under stress.VC865 had lower reductions in leaf number,leaf area and higher leaf dry mass,while clone I144 had higher height and lower reduction in root dry mass under.Both these clones showed higher water use efficiency with 3d of rehydration.These different phenotypic plasticities gave the clones VC865 and 1144 efficient mechanisms of acclimatization to stress and more drought tolerance,enhancing their greater capacity for recovery after stress,which allowed lower dry mass reduction.Clone 1224,however,was more susceptible to drought stress,undergoing greater physiological damage with only partial recovery during rehydration.

关键词： Drought Eucalyptus species Gas exchanges Post-stress Root dry mass

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