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A New Model for Spreading Malware over SMS Using Network Automata

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Communications and Network 2023年第4期15卷 120-143页

作者： Erick Iván Medina-Salas Ana Lilia Laureano-Cruces Ma. Elena Lárraga-Ramírez posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de la Computación UNAM México City México departamento de Sistemas UAM-A México City México Laboratoire Informatique d’Avignon Avignon France Instituto de Ingeniería UNAM México City México

By the year 2026, it is estimated that the number of smartphone users in Mexico will be approximately 118.1 million. Each smartphone has the functionality of sending and receiving SMS (Short Message Service) messages, which pose a significant threat to all users, as it makes any device vulnerable to a malware attack. In particular, worm-type malware takes advantage of this means of communication in order to spread. Studying the dynamics of malware propagation can help understand and prevent massive contagion between mobile devices. In this work, a model based on Network Automata and compartmental epidemiological models is presented, aiming to simulate, analyze and study the spread of worm-like malware through sending SMS on smartphones.

关键词： Cellular Automaton Malware Spread Complex Systems Network Automaton

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Hydroxyapatite-Wollastonite Biocomposites, Produced by an Alternative Sol-Gel Route

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 327-333页

作者： Martín A. Encinas-Romero Jesús Peralta-Haley Jesús L. Valenzuela-García Felipe F. Castillón-Barraza Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Uni- versidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada B.C. México. departamento de Ingeniería Química y Metalurgia Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo México posgrado en Ciencias de la Ingeniería: Ingeniería Química Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo México

Hydroxyapatite is a type of calcium phosphate-based material with great interest for biomedical applications, due to the chemical similarity between this material and the mineral part of human bone. However, synthetic hydroxyapatite is essentially brittle;the practice indicates that the use of hydroxyapatite without additives for implant production is not efficient, due to its low strength parameters. In the present work, biocomposites of hydroxyapatite-wollastonite were synthesized by an alternative sol-gel route, using calcium nitrate and ammonium phosphate as precursors of hydroxyapatite, and high purity natural wollastonite was added in ratios of 20, 50 and 80 percent by weight immersed in aqueous medium. Formation of hydroxyapatite occurs at a relatively low temperature of about 350?C, while the wollastonite remains unreacted. After that, these biocomposites were sintered at 1200?C for 5 h to produce dense materials. The characterization techniques demonstrated the presence of hydroxyapatite and wollastonite as unique phases in all products.

关键词： Hydroxyapatite Wollastonite Bioceramics Biocomposites Sol-Gel

Dynamic Interaction through a Reactive Interface in Patients with dementia, by Means of Cognitive Stimulation

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E-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks 2015年第4期4卷 57-67页

作者： Ana Lilia Laureano-Cruces Martha Mora-Torres Lourdes Sánchez-Guerrero Javier Ramírez-Rodríguez Itzel Iraís Montiel-Bernal Eric Benjamín Allier-Pavia departamento de Sistemas Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco México City México posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de la Computación Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City México Escuela Superior de Cómputo-Instituto Politécnico Nacional México City México posgrado en Diseno Línea: Visualización de la Información Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco México City México

dementia is a syndrome of chronic and progressive nature, characterized by the deterioration of cognitive functions and behavior, which causes a disability and dependence on others. Alzheimer’s Disease is a type of dementia that affects cognitive functioning, behavior, and overall functionality of those who suffer from the irremediably progressive form, as it is a neurodegenerative disease. For this reason, development of a reactive interface is proposed to be inserted in a cognitive stimulation program. This program offers a series of exercises of mental functions, in order to delay or slow down the progress of this illness. The reactive interface allows access to these exercises and incorporates a user profile that predicts the possible emotions that may be experienced during the work sessions. In order to accomplish this, a cognitive structure of emotions is developed to be included in the reactive profile. This will allow enhancement of the interaction between the system and the patient. The user’s emotional state may interfere, considering within the design stage the phenomenon of altered consciousness during this degenerative process. The consciousness represents the interface of human beings with our environment. This proposal allows us to obtain information related to the user’s emotional state during the performance of specific cognitive tasks, permitting us to optimize the proposed stimulation activities.

关键词： dementia Alzheimer Cognitive Stimulation Artificial Consciousness Cognitive Structure of the Emotions

Intelligent Interfaces: Pedagogical Agents and Virtual Humans

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International Journal of Intelligence Science 2022年第3期12卷 57-78页

作者： Ana Lilia Laureano-Cruces Lourdes Sánchez-Guerrero Javier Ramírez-Rodríguez Emiliano Ramírez-Laureano departamento de Sistemas Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Mexico City México posgrado en Dise&ntilde o y Visualización de la Información Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Mexico City México ESCENA Escuela de Animación y Arte Digital Mexico City México

Little by little, we are entering the new era, intelligent interfaces are absorbing us more and more every day, and artificial intelligence makes its presence in a stealthy way. Virtual humans that represent an evolution of autonomous virtual agents;they are computer programs and in the future capable of carrying out different activities in certain environments. They will give the illusion of being human;they will have a body, and they will be immersed in an environment. They will have a set of senses that will allow them: 1) Sensations and therefore associated expressions;2) Communication;3) Learning;4) Remembering events, among others. By integrating the above, they will have a personality and autonomy, so they will be able to plan with respect to objectives;allowing them to decide and take actions with their body, in other words, they will count on awareness. The applications will be focused on environments that they will inhabit, or as interfaces that will interact with other systems. The application domains will be multiple;one of them being education. This article shows the design of OANNA like an avatar with the role of pedagogical agent. It was modeled as an affective-cognitive structure related to the teaching-learning process linked to a pedagogical agent that represents the interface of an artilect. OANNA, has the necessary animations for intervention within the teaching-learning process.

关键词： Intelligent Interfaces Expert Systems Applied to Education Autonomous Virtual Agents Pedagogical Agents Avatar Virtual Humans Operational Strategies Cognitive Strategies Affective-Cognitive Structure

Nano Phase Characterization by Transmission Electron Microscopy: Experimental and Simulation

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2015年第11期6卷 935-942页

作者： Francisco Miguel Ascencio Aguirre Lourdes Bazá n-Dí az Rubé n Mendoza-Cruz Alfredo Gó mez-Rodrí guez Cristina Zorrilla-Cangas Raú l Herrera-Becerra posgrado en Ciencia e Ingenierí a de Materiales Instituto de F&iacute sica UNAM Circuito de la Investigaci&oacute n Cientí fica Ciudad Universitaria M&eacute xico D.F. M&eacute xico departamento de Materia Condensada/Instituto de Fí sica UNAM Circuito de la Investigaci&oacute n Cientí fica Ciudad Universitaria M&eacute xico D.F. M&eacute xico

This paper introduces a methodology of characterization of nanostructured systems in which trans- mission electron microscopy is used as a central element of the study. Experimental studies of HREM are performed in parallel with studies in the Simula TEM program to stimulate high-resolution images and diffraction patterns. To confirm the accuracy of the results, studies of X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed. In order to illustrate the methodology, bismuth oxide Bi2O3 nanoparticles are synthesized by a method of biosynthesis because this sample is rich in structural information.

关键词： Transmission Electron Microscopy Nanoparticles Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3

Optimal diet strategy of a large-bodied psittacine: food resource abundance and nutritional content enable facultative dietary specialization by the Military Macaw

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Avian Research 2019年第4期10卷 469-477页

作者： Sylvia Margarita de la Parra‑Martinez Luis Guillermo Munoz‑Lacy Alejandro Salinas‑Melgoza Katherine Renton departamento de Ciencias Biologicas Centro Universitario de la CostaUniversidad de GuadalajaraAv.Universidad No.203Delegacion IxtapaC.P.48280 Puerto VallartaJaliscoMexico Comision Nacional Para el Conocimiento y Uso para la Biodiversidad Liga Periferico‑Insurgentes Sur 4903Delegacion Tlalpan14010 Mexico CityMexico Facultad de Biologia Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMoreliaMichoacanMexico Estacion de Biologia Chamela Instituto de BiologiaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoApartado Postal 21San Patricio‑MelaqueJaliscoMexico

Background:Dietary specialization should arise when there is a relatively high abundance of a particular resource,where animals may select food items to obtain an optimal diet that maximizes energy ***‑bodied psittacines frequently exhibit a narrow dietary niche with specific habitat use,but few studies have determined whether psittacines select food resources,and how this influences habitat ***:We established fruiting phenology transects to evaluate food resource availability for the large‑bodied Military Macaw(Ara militaris)in semi‑deciduous,deciduous,and pine‑oak forest at two sites along the coast of Jalisco,during the dry season when macaws are *** also determined Military Macaw diet by observations of foraging macaws along transect routes,and conducted bromatological analysis of the nutritional content of the most consumed ***:Military Macaws used six plant species as food items during the dry season,and had a narrow dietary niche(Levins’B=0.28),with 56%of foraging macaws consuming the seeds of Hura *** food resources were recorded in pine‑oak forest during the dry season,with food resources and foraging by macaws concentrated in tropical deciduous and semi‑deciduous forest,where *** was the most abundant fruiting tree *** considering the proportional availability of food resources,we determined a broad Hurlbert dietary niche breadth of H=0.67,indicating that Military Macaws consumed food resources according to their ***,the seeds of *** were an important source of protein,carbohydrates,minerals and moisture,and the hard fruitcasing means that these seeds are exclusively available for ***:By concentrating their diet on the most abundant resources,Military Macaws may increase foraging efficiency in the dry *** high nutrient content also means that concentrating the diet on seeds of *** may be an optimal foraging strategy for Military Macaws

关键词： Ara militaris Bromatological analysis Diet composition Food resource selection Fruiting phenology Hura polyandra Psittacidae Tropical dry forest

Constrained sintering and wear properties of Cu-WC composite coatings

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第10期27卷 2214-2224页

作者： J.L.CABEZAS-VILLA L.OLMOS H.J.VERGARA-HERNáNdeZ O.JIMéNEZ P.GARNICA D.BOUVARD M.FLORES División de Estudios de posgrado e Investigación TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de MoreliaAv. Tecnológico #1500 Colonia Lomas de Santiaguito Morelia Michoacán C. P. 58120 México INICIT Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoFco. J. Mujica S/N Morelia Michoacán C. P. 58060 México Universidad de Guadalajara Departamento de Ingeniería de ProyectosJosé Guadalupe Zuno # 48 Los Belenes Zapopan Jalisco C. P. 45100 México Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS SIMaP 38000 Grenoble France

Coatings of metal matrix composites(Cu?WC)were fabricated by solid-state *** reinforcing particles indifferent quantities from5%up to30%(volume fraction)were mixed with Cu *** mixing,the powders were poured ontothe surface of copper *** was carried out at1000°C under a reducing atmosphere in a vertical *** was affected by both rigid substrates and WC particles which retarded the radial and axial densification of ***,the coatings were strongly attached to the substrate,and WC particles were randomly distributed within the *** addition ofthe reinforcing particles enhanced the microhardness and reduced the volume loss in wear tests to1/17compared to the *** predominant wear mechanism was identified as abrasion at a load of5N.20%WC(volume fraction)reinforcingparticles led to the maximum values of properties for the composite coating.

关键词： constrained sintering dilatometry dry sliding wear microhardness metal matrix composites coating

Any Hamiltonian System Is Locally Equivalent to a Free Particle

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World Journal of Mechanics 2012年第5期2卷 246-252页

作者： Elizabeth Galindo-Linares Esperanza Navarro-Morale Gilberto Silva-Ortigoza Román Suárez-Xique Magdalena Marciano-Melchor Ramón Silva-Ortigoza Edwin Román-Hernández CIdeTEC-IPN. departamento de posgrado. área de Mecatrónica. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos. C.P. México D.F. México Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Apartado Postal Puebla Pue. México Universidad del Istmo Departamento de Matemáticas Aplicadas Cd. Universitaria Tehuantepec Oax. México

In this work we use the Hamilton-Jacobi theory to show that locally all the Hamiltonian systems with n degrees of freedom are equivalent. That is, there is a canonical transformation connecting two arbitrary Hamiltonian systems with the same number of degrees of freedom. This result in particular implies that locally all the Hamiltonian systems are equivalent to that of a free particle. We illustrate our result with two particular examples;first we show that the one-dimensional free particle is locally equivalent to the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator and second that the two-dimensional free particle is locally equivalent to the two-dimensional Kepler problem.

关键词： Hamiltonian System Canonical Transformation

Possible Relevance of the Allende Meteorite Conditions in Prebiotic Chemistry: An Insight into the Chondrules and Organic Compounds

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2023年第3期13卷 82-99页

作者： Alejandro Heredia Barbero Héctor G. Vázquez López Adriana L. Meléndez López Jorge A. Cruz Castañeda Daniel Luna Laviada Karina E. Cervantes de la Cruz Victor Meza Laguna Vladimir A. Basiuk Ivonne Rosales Chávez Alicia Negrón Mendoza Sergio Ramos Bernal Laboratorio de Evolución Química Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México Programa de posgrado en Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Carrera de Ciencias de la Tierra Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México departamento de Física de Plasmas e Interacción de Radiación con Materia Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México departamento de Física y Química Teórica Facultad de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México

The study of the mineral and organic content of the Allende meteorite is important for our understanding of the molecular evolution of the universe as well as the ancient Earth. Previous studies have characterized the magnetic minerals present in ordinary and carbonaceous chondrites, providing information on the evolution of magnetic fields. The interaction of organic compounds with magnetic minerals is a possible source of chemical diversity, which is crucial for molecular evolution. Carbon compounds in meteorites are of great scientific interest for a variety of reasons, such as their relevance to the origins of chirality in living organisms. This study presents the characterization of organic and mineral compounds in the Allende meteorite. The structural and physicochemical characterization of the Allende meteorite was accomplished through light microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction with complementary Rietveld refinement, Raman and infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy using magnetic signal methods to determine the complex structure and the interaction of organic compounds with magnetic Ni-Fe minerals. The presence of Liesegang-like patterns of chondrules in fragments of the Allende structure may also be relevant to understanding how the meteorite was formed. Other observations include the presence of magnetic materials and nanorod-like solids with relatively similar sizes as well as the heterogeneous distribution of carbon in chondrules. Signals observed in the Raman and infrared spectra resemble organic compounds such as carbon nanotubes and peptide-like molecules that have been previously reported in other meteorites, making the Mexican Allende meteorite a feasible sample for the study of the early Earth and exoplanetary bodies.

关键词： Allende Meteorite Carbonaceous Chondrite Light Microscopy X-Ray Diffraction with the Rietveld Method Raman Spectroscopy Attenuated Total Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy Mass Spectrometry Scanning Electron Mi-croscopy Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy Magnetic Force Microscopy