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Paired Measurements of Foraminiferal δ~ （18） O and Mg/Ca Ratios of Indian Monsoons Reconstructed from Holocene to Last Glacial Record

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第4期85卷 950-956页

作者： Badanal MAHESH Virupaxa BANAKAR George BURR National Institute of Oceanography(CSIR) Dona PaulaGoa 403 004India National Science foundation-Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometer Facility 1118 East 4th StreetTucsonAZ85721-0081USA

The effect of seasonally reversing monsoons in the northern Indian Ocean is to impart significant changes in surface salinity（SS）.Here,we report SS changes during the last 32 kyr in the Lakshadweep Sea（southeastern Arabian Sea）estimated from paired measurements of δ18O and sea surface temperature（SST）using Globigerinoides sacculifer,an upper mixed layer dwelling *** heaviest δ***（-0.07±0.08‰）is recorded between 23 and 15 ka,which could be defined as the last glacial maximum（LGM）.The δ*** between the LGM and Holocene is 2.07‰.The SST shows an overall warming of 2℃from the LGM to Holocene（28℃to 30℃）. However,coldest SSTs are observed prior to LGM,i.e.,～27 *** SS was higher（～38 psu） throughout most of the recorded last glacial period（32.5-15 ka）.This high salinity together with generally lower SSTs suggests a period of sustained weaker summer or stronger winter *** deglacial warming is associated with rapid reorganization of monsoons and is reflected in decreased salinity to a modern level of～36.5 psu,within a period of～5 *** indicates intensification of summer monsoons during cold to warm climate transition.

关键词： paleoclimate oxygen isotopes Mg/Ca thermometry monsoon variability Arabian Sea

Working Out What Works:The Case of the Education Endowment foundation in England

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ECNU Review of Education 2021年第1期4卷 46-64页

作者： Triin Edovald Camilla Nevill The Education Endowment foundation

Purpose:This article gives an overview of the successes and lessons learned to date of the Education Endowment foundation(EEF),one of the leading organizations of the What Works movement Design/Approach/Methods:Starting with its history,this article covers salient components of the EEF's unique journey including lessons learned and challenges in evidence ***:The EEF has demonstrated that it is feasible to rapidly expand the use of school-based randomized controlled trials(RCTs)in a country context,set high standards for research independence,transparency,and design,and generate new evidence on what *** include the need to consider alternative designs to RCTs to answer a range of practice-relevant questions,how to best test interventions at scale,and how study findings are reported and ***/Value:This article addresses some of the key components required for the success of What Works organizations globally.

关键词： Education evaluation evidence impact randomized controlled trials teaching

How dopamine tunes parvalbumin interneurons in the hippocampus:new experimental observations in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1405-1406页

作者： Livia La Barbera Paraskevi Krashia Annalisa Nobili Department of Medicine and Surgery UniversitàCampus Bio-Medico di RomaViaÁlvaro del PortilloRomeItaly Department of Experimental Neurosciences IRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationVia del Fosso di FioranoRomeItaly Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health UniversitàCampus Bio-Medico di RomaViaÁlvaro del PortilloRomeItaly

Despite decades of dedicated resea rch,Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related and progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which the mechanisms of onset are sti unc *** is cha racterized by featured histological alterations including amyloid-beta (AB) plaque deposition,accumulation of neurofibrillary to ngles of hyperphosphorylated-tau,and neuronal loss,accompanied by progressive cognitive decline and behavioral changes.

关键词： Alzheimer alterations dopamine

Canonical Workflow for Machine Learning Tasks

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 173-185页

作者： Christophe Blanchi Binyam Gebre Peter Wittenburg dona foundation C/O Universitede GeneveRuedu General-Dufour 241204 GeneveSwitzerland *** Papendorpseweg 1003528 BJ UtrechtThe Netherlands FDO Forum Gemeindweg 5547533 KleveGermany

There is a huge gap between(1)the state of workflow technology on the one hand and the practices in the many labs working with data driven methods on the other and(2)the awareness of the FAIR principles and the lack of changes in practices during the last 5 *** CWFR concept has been defined which is meant to combine these two intentions,increasing the use of workflow technology and improving FAIR *** the study described in this paper we indicate how this could be applied to machine learning which is now used by almost all research disciplines with the well-known effects of a huge lack of repeatability and *** will only change practices if they can work efficiently and are not loaded with additional tasks.A comprehensive CWFR framework would be an umbrella for all steps that need to be carried out to do machine learning on selected data collections and immediately create a comprehensive and FAIR compliant *** researcher is guided by such a framework and information once entered can easily be shared and *** many iterations normally required in machine learning can be dealt with efficiently using CWFR *** of components that can be easily orchestrated using FAIR Digital Objects as a common entity to document all actions and to exchange information between steps without the researcher needing to understand anything about PIDs and FDO details is probably the way to increase efficiency in repeating research *** the Galaxy project indicates,the availability of supporting tools will be important to let researchers use these *** as the Galaxy framework suggests,however,it would be necessary to include allsteps necessary for doing amachine learning task including those that require human interaction andtodocument all phases with the help of structured FDOs.

关键词： Workflow Machine learning Digital objects FAIR Datamanagement

Sex differences in aging and injured brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2901-2902页

作者： Jordan N.Williamson Yuan Yang University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Grainger College of EngineeringDepartment of BioengineeringUrbanaILUSA Carle foundation Hospital Stephenson Family Clinical Research InstituteClinical Imaging Research CenterUrbanaILUSA University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUrbanaILUSA Northwestern University Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement SciencesChicagoILUSA

Background:The prevalence,age of onset,and symptomatology of traumatic brain injury,stroke,and neurodegenerative diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease)differ substantially between males and *** higher prevalence of these brain disorders has been attributed to females having a greater longevity compared with *** one of the greatest risk factors of acquired brain injury(such as stroke,traumatic brain injury caused by fall)and neurodegenerative disease is age.

关键词： Huntington prevalence traumatic

Achievements in cancer research supported by National Natural Science foundation of China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第1期58卷 39-43页

作者： HONG Wei LI Cui ZHANG LiPing XU YanYing ZHANG Jun HU Hai DONG ErDan Department of Health Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of China

For the past two decades,great achievements have been made in cancer research of China and the majority of them were supported by the National Natural Science foundation of China(NSFC).In this article,we reviewed the funding history of NSFC including the number of proposals,the amount of grants,distribution of supported program categories during the period of 1987 to 2012 and the representative achievements made by continuous support of ***,the impacts of NSFC support on discipline development and talent fostering were *** 1987 to 2012,a total of 8738 proposals related to cancer research were funded by *** percentages of the Research Program,Talent-Training Program,and the Research Environment Program were 61.19%,36.32%,and 2.49%,*** the support of NSFC,cancer research in China has achieved a significantly rapid and balanced development in both disciplines and scientist resources.

关键词：国家自然科学基金委员会癌症中国 NSFC 人才培养环境计划人才培训科学家

Small extrachromosomal circular DNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis matter

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1411-1413页

作者： Marcos J.Arauzo-Bravo Daniela Gerovska Matthias Schwab Alexandra Kretz Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastianSpain Basque foundation for Science IKERBASQUEBilbaoSpainMax Planck Institute for Molecular BiomedicineComputational Biology and Bioinformatics GroupMünsterNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain Department of Neurology Jena University HospitalJenaThuringiaGermany

Comprehensive studies identify motor neuron spectrum disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)as globally rising fatal disorders with the highest prevalence in aging populations,influenced by ethnicity and ancestry(GBD 2016 Motor Neuron Disease Colla borators,2018).While~10% of diagnoses involve a family history(fALS),most cases are considered sporadic(sALS).However,population-based studies suggest that even cases without a common index mutation impart heritability(Ryan et al.,2019),indicating a crucial role of rare and as yet unknown genetic denominators.

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis

Shortening the Duration of Heat Treatment in the Lower Bainitic Range

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 555-560页

作者： H. Vetters H.-W. Zoch foundation Institute for Materials Science Bremen GermanyFoundation Institute for Materials Science Bremen Germany

In many cases an isothermal treatment of throughhardening bearing grades in the lower bainitic range allows to adjust the mechanical properties of machine components to the later application, similar to those of martensitic hardening. The achieved microstructure contains only a negligible amount of retained austenite, so a dimensional change of components during application can be reduced. One disadvantage of the isothermal bainitic treatment in salt bath is that the duration of the treatment is much longer than that of the martensitic hardening and this causes higher costs. Therefore it would be desirable to be able to shorten the transformation duration in the lower bainitic range. The aim of the present work is to determine the parameters, by which the process could be greatly shortened in comparison with the conventional transformation process in the lower bainitic range. Therefore the bainitic transformation behavior of the steel 100 Cr6 (SAE 52100) and the relevant influence factors were investigated by means of dilatometry, in which the heat treatments were carried out with different process variants including pre-quenching or post-quenching. The amount of retained austenite in the microstructure and the hardness of the steel after the shortened heat treatments were measured. Finally the possibility to use these processes in industrial production is discussed.

关键词：贝氏体轴承钢膨胀测定法热处理

Applications and grants of the National Natural Science foundation of China's General Program and Young Scientists Fund in immunology research:a 10-year review(2013–2022)

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1321-1324页

作者： Baoman Li Yanyan Tian Puyue Wang Department of Life Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing 100085China

Immunology,a biomedical discipline with an ancient history of maintaining thriving research vitality to date,refers to the study of the structure and function of the immune system of the body,the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases,immunological diagnoses,and prevention mechanisms(National Natural Science foundation of China,2023).Immunological research is the foundation of research in biology,as well as basic and clinical medicine(Kubli et al.,2021).

关键词： prevention foundation Natural