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Epidemio-Clinical Profile of Psychotrauma in Military Victims of Terrorists Attacks in Benin in december 2021

Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第S2期13卷 503-517页

作者： Guy-Gérard Aza-Gnandji david Sinet Koivogui Kokou Messanh Agbémèlé Soedje Tchedié Etdéchié Elvyre Klikpo Josiane Ezin Houngbe département de santé mentale Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga Cotonou Bénin Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinea département de santé mentale Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: In december 2021, Beninese soldiers were victims of armed terrorist attacks. This study aims to determine the psychological impact of the events experienced on the victims in order to better prevent post-traumatic stress disorder. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from december 13 to 14, 2021, i.e. 12 days after the oldest event and 4 days after the most recent. The experience of the event was assessed with the Peritraumatic distress Inventory and the Peritraumatic dissociation Experiences Questionnaire. Symptoms experienced in the hours and days after the event were assessed with the Revised Event Impact Scale. Results: 36 soldiers were included out of the 38 survivors, i.e. 94.73%. They were 51.43% victims of the night assault, 37.14% of the ambush on patrol and 11.43% of the explosion of vehicle on mine, all male. The average age was 31 years with extremes of 25 and 49 years. The 25 - 30 year olds predominated, 52.78%. 100% of soldiers had significant peritraumatic dissociation, of which 94.44% also had significant peritraumatic distress. 100% of the soldiers had manifestations of intrusion, 89% of manifestations of avoidance and 83% of manifestations of hyperexcitation. 88.89% had an index for acute stress including 100% of victims of night assault and vehicle explosion on mine. Conclusion: This study shows a high prevalence of peritraumatic reactions, recognized factors favoring post-traumatic stress disorder, and the interest of their evaluation for medical and psychological help adapted to the victims.

关键词： Psychotrauma Peritraumatic dissociation Peritraumatic distress Terrorist Attacks Military

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Evaluation of Suicidal Risk in Sickle Cell Patients Monitored at the Hubert Koutoukou Maga National University Hospital Center in Cotonou in 2022

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第S2期13卷 479-491页

作者： Guy-Gérard Aza-Gnandji Ireti Nethania Elie Ataïgba Sènan Gratias Koukoubou Kokou Messanh Agbémèlé Soedje Tchedié Etdéchié Elvyre Klikpo Josiane Ezin Houngbe département de santé mentale Faculté des Sciences de la santé de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga Cotonou Bénin Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Centre Hospitalier Universitaire départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin département de santé mentale Faculté des Sciences de la santé de l’Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: According to the WHO, suicide is a real public health problem worldwide, and several risk factors have been identified, including pain and chronic illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the suicidal risk in sickle-cell patients. Method: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of sickle-cell patients followed up at the University Clinic of Blood diseases of Hubert Koutoukou Maga National University Hospital Center from August 2022 to November 2022. The instrument used was the ducher suicide risk self-assessment scale. Results: A total of 65 patients were included. Mean age was 27.04 ± 1.95 years, with extremes of 16 and 50 years, and a peak of 47.69% in the 20 - 30 age group. Women predominated (58.46%), with a sex ratio of 0.71. Somatic complaints accounted for 41.54% of patients’ visits, including 21.54% for pain. Suicidal risk was positive in 44.62%, including 13.85% for severe suicidal risk, and 20% attributed their desire to die to pain. The factor associated with positive suicidal risk was single parenthood (p = 0.02). Of those with a positive suicidal risk, 46% had shared the intention with close relatives (family and friends), but none had used medical services. Conclusion: These data demonstrate the high prevalence of suicidal risk among people with sickle cell disease, and therefore the need for psychosocial intervention in this specific population in Benin.

关键词： Suicidal Risk Sickle Cell disease Chronic disease

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Effect of emotional valence on episodic memory stages as indexed by event-related potentials

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2013年第4期3卷 250-262页

作者： Marc E. Lavoie Kieron P. O’Connor Centre de Recherche Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal Montréal Canada&Département de Psychiatrie Université de Montréal Montréal Canada département de Psychiatrie Université de Montréal Montréal Canada

Several investigations have shown that emotional events show superior recall than non-emotional ones. However, the cortical mechanisms underlying the episodic recall of emotional scenes are still poorly understood. Our main aim was to compare the magnitude of the Event-Related brain Potentials (ERP) old-new effect related to emotionally unpleasant, pleasant and neutral photographic images. As expected, correct recognition of all types of images elicited three topographically distinct ERP components sensitive to the classical old-new recognition effect. The results revealed that the behavioral performances were mainly sensitive to arousal, while the ERP old/new effect over posterior regions (300 - 1000 ms) was exclusively affected by unpleasantness. A later component (1000 - 1400 ms) showed an inverted old/ new effect at parietal sites, which was also sensitive to unpleasantness. These results imply that ERP reflecting episodic conscious recollection and post-retrieval monitoring are clearly affected both by valence and arousal.

关键词： Emotion Memory Familiarity Recollection Old/New Effect Event-Related Potentials

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Psychological distress in Moroccan Patients with Hematological Malignancies and Its Impact on Their Quality of Life

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Psycho-Oncologie 2023年第4期17卷 235-244页

作者： Maha Ouazzani Zineb El Khammar Nawal Oubelkacem Youssef Aboussaleh Hajar Masrour Moncef Maiouak Rhizlane Berrady Laboratoire de Nutrition Santéet EnvironnementDépartement de BiologieFacultédes SciencesUniversitéIbn TofailKenitra14000Maroc Service de Médecine Interne et d’oncohématologie CHU Hassan IIFès30050Maroc Laboratoire d’épidémiologie Facultéde Médecine et de Médecine DentaireFès30050Maroc

Introduction:la qualitéde vie des patients suivis pour une hémopathie maligne dépend non seulement du type de la maladie,de ses caractéristiques cliniques,biologiques et thérapeutiques,mais aussi de la santémentale du patient.L’objectif de notreétude est d’évaluer l’état psychologique des patients au diagnostic,de rechercher les facteurs associésàson altération et de préciser son impact sur la qualitéde vie des patients.Méthode:nous avons menéuneétude monocentrique transversale quiévalue la dépression,l’anxiétéet la qualitéde vie d’une population de patients atteints de syndromes lymphoprolifératifs sur une période de *** questionnaires ontétéutilisés au moment du diagnostic:le HAdS pour rechercher la dépression et l’anxiétéet le SF12échelle pourévaluer la qualitéde vie liéeàla santé.Résultat:Les cent patients ont acceptéde répondre aux *** patients sont suivis pour un lymphome malin non hodgkinien,une maladie de Hodgkin,et une leucémie lymphoïde *** sex-ratio(H/F)est de 1,*** prévalence des symptômes anxieux est de 70%avec 95%CI(61,01%;78,99%)et des symptômes dépressifs de 76%avec 95%CI(49,4%;82,6%)des *** analyse univariée,le caractère féminin est associéaux symptômes anxieux(p=0,008),etàl’altération de qualitéde vie mentale(p=0,02).Alors qu’en analyse multivariée,Les symptômes anxio-dépressifs sont significativement associésàun score de qualitéde vie faible aussi bien mentale que *** plus les symptômes anxieux sont corrélés au sexe féminin(ORA=20,50;95%CI[1,58–264,48]);et la douleur(ORA=12,33;95%CI[1,07–141,77]).Conclusion:la recherche de comorbidités psychologiques doit faire partie du diagnostic initial de cette population vulnérable pour une meilleure qualitéde vie.

关键词： dépression anxiété qualitéde vie liéàla santé lymphome

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French Validation of the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-F)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第1期6卷 107-118页

作者： Smadar Valérie Tourjman Miriam H. Beauchamp Akram djouini Mathilde Neugot-Cerioli Charlotte Gagner Philippe Baruch Serge Beaulieu Florence Chanut Andrée daigneault Robert-Paul Juster Sonia Montmayeur Stéphane Potvin Scot Purdon Suzanne Renaud Evens Villenneuve Institut Universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal Montreal Canada Centre de Recherche de l’H?pital Ste-Justine Montreal Canada Institut Universitaire en santé mentale de Québec Quebec Canada douglas Mental Health University Institute Montreal Canada Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal Montreal Canada Faculté de Pharmacie d’Angers Université Angers Angers France department of Psychiatry University of Alberta Edmonton Canada

Background: Measuring cognition in clinical practice is clearly essential to the appropriate characterisation of patients’ clinical status and to the development of a personalised care plan. The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP) has been developed in order to provide a brief and accessible tool allowing the evaluation of cognitive function in psychiatric conditions. Objective: We present a validation of a French version of the SCIP. Method: Translation from English into French is carried out using the accepted back-translation method. Seventy-two healthy volunteers are characterised by demographic questionnaires and a neuropsychological battery. The French version of the SCIP is then administered on two separate occasions separated by at least a one-week interval. Results: High internal consistencies as well as strong correlations with comparable neuropsychological tests are obtained. A normalised Cronbach’s α = 0.66 is obtained. Conclusions: The French version of the SCIP (SCIP-F) yields results comparable to the English version. The SCIP represents an essential tool for the preliminary evaluation of cognition. Its characteristics, brevity and the lack of need for a technological platform, allow for its integration into clinical practice. Further testing of SCIP-F in various psychiatric conditions will yield valuable information on its potential in clinical settings.

关键词： Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry Cognitive deficits Neuropsychological Assessment Cognitive Screening Patient-Centered Approaches

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Original and Simple Protocol for Withdrawal of Benzodiazepines to Achieve Sustained Remission

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第2期6卷 195-202页

作者： Granato Philippe Shreekumar Vinekar Fontaine Audrey Paradis Philippe danel Thierry Cottencin Olivier Pole de Psychiatrie Centre Psychothérapeutique de Maubeuge Centre Hospitalier Sambre Avesnois (CHSA) Maubeuge France department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences College of Medicine University of Oklahoma Oklahoma City OK USA Pole de santé Publique de Maubeuge Centre Hospitalier Sambre Avesnois (CHSA) Maubeuge France Fédération Régionale de Recherche en santé mentale (F2RSM) Lille France Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine department CHU-Lille Lille France SCALab PsyCHIC Team CNRS UMR 9193 University of Lille Lille France

Benzodiazepines are psychotropic medications for effective management of anxiety. However, after over 50 years of unrestrained prescription use, prescribers realize the severity of side effects in select patients. The most challenging of these side effects is the emergence of a physiological dependence that explains virtual impossibility of successful withdrawal that can ensure sustained abstinence. We propose a method for successful withdrawal using substitution and innovative downward tapering of diazepam oral solution for all benzodiazepines to attain sustained remission. Our protocol reported here allowed not only successful withdrawal for all of 20 patients included in this pilot study but also helped in totally weaning them off of benzodiazepines demonstrating absence of relapse even 2 years after the total discontinuance.

关键词： Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Success

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Is the whole greater than the sum of the parts? Self-rated health and transdisciplinarity

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Health 2013年第12期5卷 24-30页

作者： Martin Picard Robert-Paul Juster Catherine M. Sabiston Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA department of Kinesiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada department of Neurology & Neurosurgery McGill University & Centre of Studies on Human Stress Fernand-Seguin Institute Un-iversitaire en Santé mentale de Montréal Montreal Canada

Self-rated health (SRH)—a person’s subjective evaluation of his general health—is a more valid and powerful predictor of morbidity and mortality than any other combination of objective and self-reported measures. However, current theoretical frameworks fail to explain this association. Here, we sought to investigate SRH in relation to health outcomes from a transdisciplinary perspective. Using a selective review of epidemiological, clinical and qualitative SRH literature, we analyzed the relationships between this global subjective self-perception of health (the whole) and its directly measurable constituents (the parts). Although SRH often predicts major health outcomes, its underpinnings vary from person to person. Factors influencing individual’s health interact in complex ways evade reductionist methods assessing the parts, and may be best captured by global self-perceptions of health. The study of SRH from a transdisciplinary perspective exemplifies the notion that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Insight into individual’s experience of “health”, their association with physiological processes, and impact on the health/disease continuum may contribute to the development of individualized strategies for health care and promotion with aging. In particular, this should be most valuable for addressing non-communicable health conditions where cross-talk between health domains (biological, psychological, social, behavioral, spiritual) may significantly contribute to pathophysiology.

关键词： Self-Rated Health Self-Perception Transdisciplinary Systems Theoretical Framework

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生酮饮食疗法历史浅谈

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癫痫杂志 2016年第5期2卷 418-421页

作者：廖建湘方科伟 Lan Xiong 深圳市儿童医院神经内科深圳518038 Centre de recherche Institut universitaire en santémentale de MontréalMontrealCanada

生酮饮食是一种脂肪高比例,碳水化合物低比例,蛋白质和其他营养素合适的配方饮食.不仅治疗癫痫,近来治疗其他疾病也在探索中.生酮饮食的前身是断食治疗,断食不是完全断绝食物和水,只是减少热卡,维持饮水.为了更长时间维持断食的疗效,192... 详细信息

生酮饮食是一种脂肪高比例,碳水化合物低比例,蛋白质和其他营养素合适的配方饮食.不仅治疗癫痫,近来治疗其他疾病也在探索中.生酮饮食的前身是断食治疗,断食不是完全断绝食物和水,只是减少热卡,维持饮水.为了更长时间维持断食的疗效,1921年美国梅奥诊所出现了生酮饮食疗法.现在约翰.霍普金斯医院领导着全球的生酮饮食治疗.2004年我国大陆生酮饮食疗法临床开始于深圳市儿童医院.中国古老的辟谷疗法,目前主要用于西医医院以外的养生保健,操作和西方的断食疗法非常类似,辟谷大约在2 500多年前就开始存在了.

关键词：生酮饮食癫痫辟谷历史断食

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脊髓小胶质细胞去除后的动态变化

脊髓小胶质细胞去除后的动态变化

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中华医学会疼痛学分会第十二届学术年会

作者：姚瑶 Stefania Echeverry Xiang Qun Shi Qiu Zi Yang 傅开元 Yves de Koninck Ji Zhang The Alan Edward Centre for Research on Pain McGill University 北京大学颞下颌关节病及口颌面疼痛中心 Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Université Laval department of Neurology & Neurosurgery McGill University Faculty of dentistry McGill University

＜正＞目的:小胶质细胞参与很多中枢神经系统的生理功能,也在慢性疼痛中发挥重要作用。然而,关于小胶质细胞的基本生物功能及它是如何有效监视外周环境同时维持自身稳态的依旧还在探索之中。在本项研究中,我们旨在了解脊髓小胶质细胞在...

＜正＞目的:小胶质细胞参与很多中枢神经系统的生理功能,也在慢性疼痛中发挥重要作用。然而,关于小胶质细胞的基本生物功能及它是如何有效监视外周环境同时维持自身稳态的依旧还在探索之中。在本项研究中,我们旨在了解脊髓小胶质细胞在急性去除后它是如何再生的。方法:通过鞘内注射Mac-1-saporin,我们选择性去除脊髓内的小胶质细胞。小胶质细胞去除后第1～

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