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Skim resequencing finely maps the downy mildew resistance loci RPF2 and RPF3 in spinach cultivars whale and Lazio

Horticulture Research 2023年第6期10卷 110-120页

作者： Gehendra Bhattarai Ainong Shi Beiquan Mou James C.Correll Department of Horticulture University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA USDA-ARS crop improvement and Protection Research Unit SalinasCA 93905USA Department of Plant Pathology University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA

Commercial production of spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)is centered in California and Arizona in the US,where downy mildew caused by Peronospora effusa is the most destructive *** typical races of *** have been reported to infect spinach,with 16 identified after *** regular appearance of new pathogen races breaks the resistance gene introgressed in *** attempted to map and delineate the RPF2 locus at a finer resolution,identify linked single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers,and report candidate downy mildew resistance(R)*** populations segregating for RPF2 locus derived from resistant differential cultivar Lazio were infected using race 5 of *** and were used to study for genetic transmission and mapping analysis in this *** analysis performed with low coverage whole genome resequencing-generated SNP markers mapped the RPF2 locus between 0.47 to 1.46 Mb of chromosome 3 with peak SNP(Chr3_1,221,009)showing a LOD value of 61.6 in the GLM model in TASSEL,which was within 1.08 Kb from Spo12821,a gene that encodes CC-NBS-LRR plant disease resistance *** addition,a combined analysis of progeny panels of Lazio and Whale segregating for RPF2 and RPF3 loci delineated the resistance section in chromosome 3 between 1.18–1.23 and 1.75–1.76 *** study provides valuable information on the RPF2 resistance region in the spinach cultivar Lazio compared to RPF3 loci in the cultivar *** RPF2 and RPF3 specific SNP markers,plus the resistant genes reported here,could add value to breeding efforts to develop downy mildew resistant cultivars in the future.

关键词： spinach resistance cultivar

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The cluster digging behavior of larvae confers trophic benefits to fitness in insects

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 870-884页

作者： Yujie Wu Qiang Wang Weikang Yang Sheng Zhang Chuan-Xi Mao Nana He Shaojie Zhou Chuanming Zhou Wei Liu School of Plant Protection Anhui Agricultural UniversityAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest ManagementAnhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and ApplicationHefeiChina College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina School of Teacher Education Nanjng Xiaozhuang UniversityNanjingChina State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional MedicineNational&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening TechnologySchool of Life ScienceHubei UniversityWuhanChina

Collective behaviors efficiently impart benefits to a diversity of species ranging from bacteria to *** larvae tend to cluster and form coordinated digging groups under crowded conditions,yet understanding the rules governing this behavior is in its *** primarily took advantage of the Drosophila model to investigate cooperative foraging ***,we report that Drosophila-related species and the black soldier fly have evolved a conserved strategy of cluster digging in food ***,we investigated relative factors,including larval stage,population density,and food stiffness and quality,that affect the cluster digging ***,oxygen supply through the posterior breathing spiracles is necessary for the organization of digging *** importantly,we theoretically devise a mathematical model to accurately calculate how the cluster digging behavior expands food resources by diving depth,cross-section area,and food *** found that cluster digging behavior approximately increases 2.2 fold depth,1.7-fold cross-section area,and 1.9 fold volume than control groups,*** of food sources significantly facilitates survival,larval development,and reproductive success of Drosophila challenged with competition for limited food resources,thereby conferring trophic benefits to fitness in ***,our findings highlight that the cluster digging behavior is a pivotal behavior for their adaptation to food scarcity,advancing a better understanding of how this cooperative behavior confers fitness benefits in the animal kingdom.

关键词： cluster digging determinant development fecundity larvae mathematical model

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Genome-wide analysis of NDR1/HIN1-like genes in pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)and functional characterization of CaNHL4 under biotic and abiotic stresses

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1611-1625页

作者： Changyun Liu Haoran Peng Xinyu Li Chaolong Liu Xing Lv Xuefeng Wei Aihong Zou Jian Zhang Guangjin Fan Guanhua Ma Lisong Ma Xianchao Sun Laboratory of plant immunity and ecological control of plant disease College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest University400716 ChongqingChina Department of Botany and Plant Biology Section of BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Geneva1211 Geneva 4Switzerland State Key Laboratory of North China crop improvement and Regulation College of Plant ProtectionHebei Agricultural University071001 BaodingChina

Plant NDR1/HIN1-like(NHL)genes play an important role in triggering plant defenses in response to biotic *** this study,we performed a genome-wide identification of the NHL genes in pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)and characterized the functional roles of these CaNHL genes in response to abiotic stresses and infection by different *** analysis revealed that CaNHLs can be classified into five distinct subgroups,with each group containing generic and specific *** element analysis showed that the majority of the promoter regions of the identified CaNHLs contain jasmonic acid(JA)-responsive and salicylic acid(SA)-responsive elements,and transcriptomic analysis revealed that CaNHL genes are expressed in all the examined tissues of *** CaNHL1,CaNHL4,CaNHL6,CaNHL10,CaNHL11,and CaNHL12 genes were significantly upregulated under abiotic stress as well as in response to different pathogens,such as TMV,Phytophthora capsici and Pseudomonas *** addition,we found that CaNHL4 localizes to the plasma ***4-silenced pepper plants display significantly increased susceptibility to TMV,Phytophthora capsici and Pseudomonas syringae,exhibiting reduced expression of JA-related and SA-related genes and reduced ROS ***,transient overexpression of CaNHL4 in pepper increases the expression of JArelated and SA-related genes,enhances the accumulation of ROS,and inhibits the infection of these three ***,for the first time,we identified the NHL genes in pepper and demonstrated that CaNHL4 is involved in the production of ROS and that it also regulates the expression of JA-related and SA-related genes in response to different pathogens,suggesting that members of the CaNHL family play an essential role in the disease resistance of pepper.

关键词： pepper analysis functional

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Evolution-aided engineering of plant specialized metabolism

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aBIOTECH 2021年第3期2卷 240-263页

作者： Mohammad Irfan Benjamin Chavez Paride Rizzo John C.D'Auria Gaurav D.Moghe Plant Biology section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Metabolic Diversity Group Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK)06466 SeelandGermany

The evolution of new traits in living organisms occurs via the processes of mutation,recombination,genetic drift,and *** processes that have resulted in the immense biol ogical diversity on our planet are also being employed in metabolic engineering to optimize enzymes and pathways,create new-to-nature reactions,and synthesize complex natural products in heterologous *** this review,we discuss two evolution-aided strategies for metabolic engineering-directed evolution,which improves upon existing genetic templates using the evolutionary process,and combinatorial pathway reconstruction,which brings together genes evolved in different organisms into a single heterol ogous *** discuss the general principles of these strategies,describe the technologies involved and the molecular traits they influence,provide examples of their use,and discuss the roadblocks that need to be addressed for their wider adoption.A better understanding of these strategies can provide an impetus to research on gene function discovery and biochemical evolution,which is foundational for improved metabolic *** evolution-aided approaches thus have a substantial potential for improving our understanding of plant metabolism in general,for enhancing the production of plant metabolites,and in sustainable agriculture.

关键词： Evolution Metabolic engineering Plant biotechnology Synthetic biology

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Agriculture and crop science in China:Innovation and sustainability

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The crop Journal 2017年第2期5卷 95-99页

作者： Yunbi Xu Jiayang Li Jianmin Wan Institute of crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Maize and Wheat improvement Center(CIMMYT) El BatanTexcoco CP 56130Mexico Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081China

The International crop Science Congress(ICSC) is a regularly held event allowing crop scientists to integrate current knowledge into a global context and international *** 7th ICSC was held on August 14–19,2016 in Beijing,China,with the theme "crop Science:Innovation and Sustainability".As a companion production for this great congress,the nine papers collected in this special issue feature important fields of crop science in *** editorial first briefly introduces the 7th ICSC,followed by a brief discussion of the current status of,constraints to,and innovations in Chinese agriculture and crop ***,the main scientific points of the papers published in this special issue are surveyed,covering important advances in hybrid rice breeding,minor cereals,food legumes,rapeseed,crop systems,crop management,cotton,genomics-based germplasm research,and QTL *** a section describing future prospects,it is indicated that China faces a full transition from traditional to modern agriculture and crop science.

关键词： Agriculture crops International crop Science Congress Innovation Sustainability

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Marker-Assisted Pyramiding of Genes Conferring ResistanceAgainst Bacterial Blight and Blast Diseases into Indian RiceVariety MTU1010

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Rice science 2016年第6期23卷 306-316页

作者： k.arunakumari c.v.durgarani v.satturu k.r.sarikonda p.d.r.chittoor b.vutukuri g.s.laha a.p.k.nelli s.gattu m.jamal a.prasadbabu s.hajira r.m.sundaram Institute of Biotechnology Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural UniversityRajendranagarHyderabad 500030India Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute Acharya N.G.Ranga Agricultural UniversityMaruteruWest Godavari District 534122India Agriculture Research Station Acharya N.G.Ranga Agricultural UniversityNellore 524004India crop improvement section ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice ResearchRajendranagarHyderabad 500030India Urmatt Ltd.Wang Chai Chaingrai 57210Thailand

Two major bacterial blight （BB） resistance genes （Xa21 and xa13） and a major gene for blastresistance （Pi54） were introgressed into an Indian rice variety MTU1010 through marker-assistedbackcross breeding. Improved Samba Mahsuri （possessing Xa21 and xa13） and NLR145 （possessingPi54） were used as donor parents. Marker-assisted backcrossing was continued till BC2 generationwherein PCR based functional markers specific for the resistance genes were used for foregroundselection and a set of parental polymorphic microsatellite markers were used for background selectionat each stage of backcrossing. Selected BC2F1 plants from both crosses, having the highest recoveriesof MTU1010 genome （90% and 92%, respectively）, were intercrossed to obtain intercross F1 （ICF1） plants,which were then selfed to generate 880 ICF2 plants possessing different combinations of the BB andblast resistance genes. Among the ICF2 plants, seven triple homozygous plants （xa13xa13Xa21Xa21Pi54Pi54）with recurrent parent genome recovery ranging from 82% to 92% were identified. All the seven ICF2plants showed high resistance against the bacterial blight disease with a lesion lengths of only 0.53–2.28 cm, 1%–5% disease leaf areas and disease scoring values of ‘1’ or ‘3’. The seven ICF2 plants wereselfed to generate ICF3, which were then screened for blast resistance, and all were observed to behighly resistant to the diseases. Several ICF3 lines possessing high level of resistance against BB andblast, coupled with yield, grain quality and plant type on par with MTU1010 were identified and advanced forfurther selection and evaluation.

关键词： gene pyramiding bacterial blight resistance blast resistance rice marker-assistedbackcross breeding

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Programmed Self-Elimination of the CRISPR/Cas9 Construct Greatly Accelerates the Isolation of Edited and Transgene-Free Rice Plants

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Molecular Plant 2018年第9期11卷 1210-1213页

作者： Yubing He Min Zhu Lihao Wang Junhua Wu Qiaoyan Wang Rongchen Wang Yunde Zhao National Key Laboratory of crop Genetic improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China College of Plant Science & Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0116 USA

Dear Editor CRISPR gene-editing technology has successfully generated targeted mutations in rice and many other plant species （Ma et al., 2015）. Assessment of heritability and phenotypic stability of CRISPR-edited plants requires the elimination of the CRISPR construct. The presence of the CRISPR construct makes it difficult to distinguish the mutations transmitted from the previous generation from newly generated mutations by the CRISPR construct at the current generation. The existence of the CRISPR construct also greatly increases the risk of off-target effects.

关键词： MALE-STERILITY

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ESCRT-dependent vacuolar sorting and degradation of the auxin biosynthetic enzyme YUC1 flavin monooxygenase

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第9期61卷 968-973页

作者： Chennan Ge Caiji Gao Qingguo Chen Liwen Jiang Yunde Zhao National Key Laboratory of crop Genetic improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA92093-0116USA School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development School of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China

YUC flavin monooxygenases catalyze the ratelimiting step of auxin biosynthesis. Here we report the vacuolar targeting and degradation of GFP-YUC1. GFP-YUC1 fusion expressed in Arabidopsis protoplasts or transgenic plants was primarily localized in vacuoles. Surprisingly, we established that GFP-YUC1, a soluble protein, was sorted to vacuoles through the ESCRT pathway, which has long been recognized for sorting and targeting integral membrane proteins. We further show that GFP-YUC1 was ubiquitinated and in this form GFP-YUC1 was targeted for degradation, a process that was also stimulated by elevated auxin levels. Our findings revealed a molecular mechanism of GFP-YUC1 degradation and demonstrate that the ESCRT pathway can recognize both soluble and integral membrane proteins as cargoes.

关键词： GFP PVC bar TAA ESCRT-dependent vacuolar

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Termites and Chinese agricultural system: applications and advances in integrated termite management and chemical control

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 2-20页

作者： Farhan Ahmad Hatem Fouad Shi-You Liang Yin Hu Jian-Chu Mo Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of crop Pathogens and Insect Pests Institute of Insect SciencesCollege of Agricultural and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Entomology section Central Cotton Research InstituteSakrandShaheed BenazirabadSindhPakistan Department of Field crop Pests Plant Protection Research InstituteAgricultural Research CentreCairoEgypt National Termite Control Center HangzhouChina Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of Insect SciencesCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityYuhangtang Road 866Hangzhou 310058China

Termites are eusocial arthropod decomposers,and improve soil fertility,crop yield,and also are used by humans for their ben efits across the ***,some species of termites are becoming a threat to the farming community as they are directly and indirectly causing major losses to the agricultural *** is estimated that termites cost the global economy more than 40 billion USD annually,and considerable research has been done on their *** this review,we present the available information related to sustainable and integrated termite management practices(ITM).Furthermore,we insist that the better management of this menace can be possible through:(i)improving traditional methods to keep termites away from crops;(ii)improving agricultural practices to maintain plants with more vigor and less susceptible to termite attack;and(iii)integration of available techniques to reduce termite infestation in crops and *** application of an effective combination of traditional practices with recently developed approaches is the best option for agricultural ***,keeping in mind the beneficial nature of this pest,more innovative efforts for its management,particularly using rapidly emerging technology(e.g.,RNA interference),are needed.

关键词： entomopathogens geographical distribution integrated termite management termite

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Phylogenetic Relationships in Genus Arachis Based on SSR and AFLP Markers

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第4期7卷 405-414页

作者： TANG Rong-hua ZHUANG Wei-jian GAO Guo-qing HELiang-qiong HAN Zhu-qiang SHAN Shi-hua JIANG Jing LI Yang-rui Cash crops Research Institute Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanning 530007 P.R.China crop Science School Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China Guangxi crop Genetic improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory/Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanning 530007 P.R.China Shangdong Peanut Research Institute Qingdao 266100 P.R.China

Fourteen wild species of different sections in the genus Arachis and 24 accessions of the AABB allotetraploid A. hypogaea （cultivated peanut） from several countries which belong to different botanical varieties, were analyzed by SSR and AFLP marker systems. The assay-units per system needed to distinguish among all the tested accessions were at least five for SSR or two for AFLP. The genetic distance detected by the SSR markers ranged from 0.09 to 0.95, and the mean was 0.73; and the genetic distance detected by the AFLP markers ranged from 0.01 to 0.79 with an average of 0.42. All the tested peanut SSR primer pairs were multilocus ones, and the amplified fragments per SSR marker in each peanut genome ranged from 2 to 15 with the mean of 4.77. The peanut cultivars were closely related to each other, and shared a large numbers of SSR and AFLP fragments. In contrast, the species in the genus Arachis shared few fragments. The results indicated that the cultivated peanut （A. hypogaea L.） varieties could be partitioned into two main groups and four subgroups at the molecular level, and that A. duranensis is one of the wild ancestors of A. hypogaea. The lowest genetic variation was detected between A. cardenasii and A. batizocoi, and the highest was detected between A. pintoi and the species in the section Arachis. The relationships among the botanical varieties in the cultivated peanut （A. hypogaea L.） and among wild species accessions in section Arachis and those in other sections in the genus Arachis were discussed.

关键词： Arachis SSR AFLP genetic diversity phylogenetic relationship

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