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Role of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand axis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第19期24卷 2073-2082页

作者： Lucia Pacifico Gian Marco Andreoli Miriam D'Avanzo Delia De Mitri Pasquale Pierimarchi Policlinico Umberto I Hospital Sapienza University of Rome Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council

Concomitantly with the increase in the prevalences of overweight/obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has worldwide become the main cause of chronic liver disease in both adults and children. Patients with fatty liver display features of metabolic syndrome(Met S), like insulin resistance(IR), glucose intolerance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recently, epidemiological studies have linked obesity, Met S, and NAFLD to decreased bone mineral density and osteoporosis, highlighting an intricate interplay among bone, adipose tissue, and liver. Osteoprotegerin(OPG), an important symbol of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/OPG system activation, typically considered for its role in bone metabolism, may also play critical roles in the initiation and perpetuation of obesityrelated comorbidities. Clinical data have indicated that OPG concentrations are associated with hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and severity of liver damage in chronic hepatitis C. Nonetheless, the relationship between circulating OPG and IR as a key feature of Met S as well as between OPG and NAFLD remains uncertain. Thus, the aims of the present review are to provide the existent knowledge on these associations and to discuss briefly the underlying mechanisms linking OPG and NAFLD.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Insulin resistance Metabolic syndrome Osteoprotegerin Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand

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Glutamine synthetase activity and glutamate uptake in hippocampus and frontal cortex in portal hypertensive rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第23期15卷 2893-2899页

作者： Gabriela Beatriz Acosta María Alejandra Fernández Diego Martín Roselló María Luján Tomaro Karina Balestrasse Abraham Lemberg Institute of Pharmacological Research (ININFA) National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) and University of Buenos Aires Junín 956. 5th floor C1113AAD Buenos Aires Argentina Laboratory of Portal hypertension School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry University of Buenos Aires Junín 956. 5th floor C1113AAD Buenos Aires Argentina Department of Biological Chemistry School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry University of Buenos Aires Junín 596. 5th floor C1113AAD Buenos Aires Argentina

AIM: To study glutamine synthetase (GS) activity and glutamate uptake in the hippocampus and frontal cortex (FC) from rats with prehepatic portal vein hypertension. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into shamoperated group and a portal hypertension (PH) group with a regulated stricture of the portal vein. Animals were sacrificed by decapitation 14 d after portal vein stricture. GS activity was determined in the hippocampus and FC. Specific uptake of radiolabeled L-glutamate was studied using synaptosome-enriched fractions that were freshly prepared from both brain areas. RESULTS: We observed that the activity of GS increased in the hippocampus of PH rats, as compared to control animals, and decreased in the FC. A significant decrease in glutamate uptake was found in both brain areas, and was more marked in the hippocampus. The decrease in glutamate uptake might have been caused by a deficient transport function, signif icantly and persistent increase in this excitatory neurotransmitter activity. CONCLUSION: The presence of moderate ammonia blood levels may add to the toxicity of excitotoxic glutamate in the brain, which causes alterations in brain function. Portal vein stricture that causes portal hypertension modif ies the normal function in some brain regions.

关键词： Portal hypertension Glutamine synthetase Glutamate uptake Frontal cerebral cortex Hippocampus Rat

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Using MutPred derived mtDNA load scores to evaluate mtDNA variation in hypertension and diabetes in a two-population cohort：The SABPA study

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2017年第3期44卷 139-149页

作者： Marianne Venter Leone Malan Etresia van Dyk Joanna L.Elson Francois H.van der Westhuizen Human Metabolomics North-West University Potchefstroom 2531 South Africa hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART) North-West University Potchefstroom 2531 South Africa Institute of Genetic Medicine Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ United Kingdom

Mitochondrial DNA（mt DNA） variation has been implicated in many common complex diseases, but inconsistent and contradicting results are common. Here we introduce a novel mutational load hypothesis, which also considers the collective effect of mainly rare variants, utilising the Mut Pred *** apply this new methodology to investigate the possible role of mt DNA in two cardiovascular disease（CVD） phenotypes（hypertension and hyperglycaemia）, within a two-population cohort（n = 363; mean age 45 ± 9 yrs）. Very few studies have looked at African mt DNA variation in the context of complex disease, and none using complete sequence data in a well-phenotyped cohort. As such, our study will also extend our knowledge of African mt DNA variation, with complete sequences of Southern Africans being especially under-represented. The cohort showed prevalence rates for hypertension（58.6%） and prediabetes（44.8%）. We could not identify a statistically significant role for mt DNA variation in association with hypertension or hyperglycaemia in our cohort. However, we are of the opinion that the method described will find wide application in the field, being especially useful for cohorts from multiple locations or with a variety of mt DNA lineages, where the traditional haplogroup association method has been particularly likely to generate spurious results in the context of association with common complex disease.

关键词： Mitochondrial DNA MutPred Mutational load hypertension Diabetes African SABPA

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添加糖与儿童心血管病风险的关系

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中华高血压杂志 2016年第10期24卷 937-937页

作者：刘莉叶鹏 Vos MB Kaar JL Welsh JA Van Horn LV Feig DI Anderson CA Patel MJ Cruz Munos J Krebs NF Xanthakos SA Johnson RK American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health council on Clinical Cardiology Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nurs-ing Council on Epidemiology and Prevention council on Func-tional Genomics and Translational Biology council on hypertension

不良的生活方式行为是导致全球可预防疾病的原因。膳食中添加糖可使其富含能量但营养差,且可增加发展为肥胖、心血管病、高血压、肥胖相关的癌症和龋齿的风险。方法和结果：美国心脏协会对目前的科学证据进行审查和分级,探讨添加糖对儿... 详细信息

不良的生活方式行为是导致全球可预防疾病的原因。膳食中添加糖可使其富含能量但营养差,且可增加发展为肥胖、心血管病、高血压、肥胖相关的癌症和龋齿的风险。方法和结果：美国心脏协会对目前的科学证据进行审查和分级,探讨添加糖对儿童心血管健康的影响。

关键词：心血管病风险儿童糖美国心脏协会心血管健康预防疾病生活方式

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High density lipoprotein as a therapeutic target:Focus on its functionality

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BIOCELL 2023年第11期47卷 2361-2383页

作者： LEONARDO GÓMEZ ROSSO BELÉN DAVICO EZEQUIEL LOZANO CHIAPPE WALTER TETZLAFF LAURA BOERO FERNANDO BRITES MAXIMILIANO MARTÍN School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Laboratory of Lipids and AtherosclerosisDepartment of Clinical BiochemistryUniversity of Buenos AiresNational Scientific and Technical Research Council(CONICET)Buenos Aires1113Argentina

Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the leading cause of death *** are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease and rheumatic heart disease among other *** are multiple independent risk factors for CVD,including hypertension,age,smoking,insulin resistance,elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels,and triglyceride ***-C levels have traditionally been the target for therapies aimed at reducing CVD *** density lipoprotein(HDL)constitutes the only lipoprotein fraction with atheroprotective *** HDL-targeted therapies have focused on increasing HDL-C ***,clinical trials have shown that raising HDL-C with niacin failed to achieve CVD reduction.A possible explanation for these findings is that these drugs could interfere with lipid metabolism and cause alterations in HDL structure and composition,leading to loss of *** a result,targeting HDL-C levels would be insufficient to achieve CVD risk reduction,making HDL functionality a more desirable focus for HDL-directed *** are several drugs which show the potential to improve HDL *** drugs include molecules already approved for human use,such as statins and niacin,and particularly,compounds currently undergoing development such as apolipoprotein A-I mimetics and reconstituted HDL *** therapies show promising potential to improve HDL functionality *** therapeutic strategies should incorporate HDL functionality as a main target of interest.

关键词： HDL Cholesterol efflux rHDL Apo A-I mimetics Statins Paraoxonase

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Pigmented cereals and legume grains as healthier alternatives for brewing beers

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Food Bioscience 2023年第2期52卷 108-116页

作者： Giuseppe Romano Maria Tufariello Nadia Calabriso Laura Del Coco Francesco P.Fanizzi Antonio Blanco Maria A.Carluccio Francesco Grieco Barbara Laddomada Institute of Sciences of Food Production(ISPA) National Research Council(CNR)LecceItaly Institute of Clinical Physiology(IFC) National Research Council(CNR)LecceItaly Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies(DiSTeBA) University of SalentoLecceItaly Department of Soil Plant&Food SciencesGenetics and Plant Breeding SectionUniversity of BariVia Amendola 165/A70126BariItaly

Pioneering studies were carried out on red-to-black pigmented grains for brewing *** with pigmented cereals,the use of pulses was also proposed for making low-alcohol,gluten-free beers with improved contents of health-promoting *** far,a new concept of beer is emerging among scientists,brewers,and consumers by expanding the assortment of conventional beer’s ***(red,purple,blue,black)cereal grains and legume grains are an untapped resource of functional *** denoting different and complementary beneficial effects on human *** others,polyphenols contribute to protect against non-communicable diseases such as hypertension,heart diseases,cancers,diabetes and *** this review,we summarized the improvement in terms of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of beers obtained by using pigmented cereal grains and pulses as raw ingredients versus traditional *** examined the influence of these alternative materials on the qualitative properties of the ***,we reviewed the contribution of traditional and non-conventional yeasts on the flavour and quality of these new functional ***,we discussed the use of different and complementary chemical methods for monitoring the composition,organoleptic profile,safety,and authentication issues with the aim to highlight the most promising to protect and promote novel beer products.

关键词： Functional beverages Craft beers Pigmented beers Legume beers Antioxidants

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Effects of intensive control of blood glucose and blood pressure on microvascular complications in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第2期6卷 141-145页

作者： Cai-Hong Zhu Shi-Sheng Zhang Yan Kong Yu-Fang Bi Ling Wang Qiong Zhang Department of Ophthalmology Ruijin Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University New Vision Eye Clinic Ruijin Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University Department of hypertension Ruijin Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University Department of Endocrinology Ruijin Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University

AIM: To evaluate the effects of intensive control of blood glucose and blood pressure on microvascular complications in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes by comparing the therapeutic effects of intensive and standard treatment in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes. METHODS: A total of 107 patients with type Ⅱ diabetes were randomly assigned into intensive and standard treatment groups. Patients in the intensive treatment group received preterax (perindopril/ indapamide) to control blood pressure, and gliclazide (diamicron) MR to control blood glucose. Patients in the standard treatment group received routine medications or placebo. Urinary microalbumin (UMA), urinary creatinine (UCR), the UMA/ UCR ratio, and visual acuity were monitored according to the study design of the ADVANCE trial. Direct ophthalmoscopy and seven-field stereoscopic retinal photography were used to examine the fundi at baseline,and repeated after 5 years of treatment. RESULTS: The characteristics of patients in both groups were well balanced at baseline. After 5 years of treatment, visual acuity was found to be decreased in the standard group (P=0.04), but remained stable in the intensive group. The severity of diabetic retinopathy had not progressed in patients in the intensive group, but had deteriorated in the standard group (P=0.0006). The UMA/UCR ratio was not obviously changed in patients in the intensive group, whereas it was significantly increased in the standard group (P=0.00). CONCLUSION: Intensive control of blood glucose and blood pressure can decrease the incidence or slow the progression of microvascular complications in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes, and maintain stable vision.

关键词： diabetes mellitus intensive therapy microvascular complications diabetic retinopathy

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Ferroptosis mediators vary in metabolic syndrome,type-2 diabetes,and hypercholesterolemia:A meta-analysis report

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 109-112页

作者： Indra Kundu Ashlesha Pande Tannishtha Das Susan Idicula-Thomas Biomedical Informatics Centre Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child HealthMumbaiMaharashtra 400012India Department of Biotechnology St.Xavier's CollegeKolkataWest Bengal 700016India

Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a complex disorder characterized by the coexistence of phenotypes such as obesity,hypertension,hyperglycemia,high triglyceride level,and low level of high-density lipoprotein *** majorly dri... 详细信息

关键词： obesity cholesterol diabetes

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Non invasive tools for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第48期20卷 18131-18150页

作者： Maurizio Soresi Lydia Giannitrapani Melchiorre Cervello Anna Licata Giuseppe Montalto Unit of Internal Medicine Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties Di Bi MIS University of Palermo 90127 Palermo Italy Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy" National Research Council (CNR) 90146 Palermo Italy

Liver cirrhosis(LC),the end stage of many forms of chronic hepatitis of different etiologies is a diffuse process characterized by fibrosis and the conversion of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules surrounded by annular *** chronic progressive clinical condition,leads to liver cell failure and portal hypertension,which can favour the onset of hepatocellular *** the phase of the natural history is crucial for therapeutic choice and *** biopsy is currently considered the best available standard of reference but it has some limits,so alternative tools have been developed to substitute liver biopsy when assessing liver *** markers offer a cost-effective alternative to liver biopsy being less invasive and theoretically without *** can be classified into direct and indirect markers which may be used alone or in combination to produce composite *** imaging includes a number of instruments and techniques to estimate liver fibrosis and cirrhosis like ultrasound(US),US Doppler,contrast enhanced US *** could be used for the diagnosis of advanced LC while is not able to evaluate progression of fibrosis,in this case Elastography is more *** review aims to revise the most recent data from the literature about non invasive methods useful in defining liver fibrosis.

关键词： Liver fibrosis Liver biopsy Ultrasound Elastography Serum markers

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with hypertension among Anti-Retroviral Therapy Patients Aged 15 Years and above in Makonde District, Zimbabwe, 2012: An Analytic Cross Sectional Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2015年第9期5卷 266-277页

作者： Blessing Ruwimbo Mutede Tapiwa Magure Notion Tafara Gombe Donewell Bangure Mufuta Tshimanga More Mungati Department of Community Medicine University of Zimbabwe Harare Zimbabwe National AIDS council Zimbabwe Harare Zimbabwe

Background: Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has reduced morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected individuals over the last years. The increase in survival of HIV patients has contributed to the emergence of other chronic conditions in these individuals, such as hypertension, renal, and cardiovascular disease. hypertension and HIV infection are both mostly asymptomatic but can lead to fatal and disabling illness. hypertension among HIV-infected individuals, although not completely elucidated, may be explained by the aging of population, the effect of HIV on vascular tone anti-retroviral therapy and traditional risk factors such as weight gain, smoking, dyslipidemia, and drug abuse. The factors associated with hypertension among ART patients in a predominantly rural setting were studied in this paper. Methods: We conducted an analytical cross sectional study at 13 health facilities in Makonde District a rural district in Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe where we systematically selected 393 of 400 ART patients aged 15 years and above. Structured interviewer administered questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic characteristics. Written and informed consent was sought and obtained from all study participants. We obtained parental consent followed by assent from participants younger than 16 years. All enrolled patients had physical measurements done. Chi square test and stratified & logistic regression analysis were done using Epi info version 3.5.1. All calculations were done at 95% confidence interval. Results: Results from 393 participants were analysed. The prevalence and awareness of hypertension were 34.9% and 30% respectively. Only 9.6% were taking medication. Independent risk factors were duration of ART > 2 years (POR 2.23;95%CI: 1.08;4.61), waist to hip ratio (women) > 0.85 (POR 3.45;95%CI: 1.60;5.88), B.M.I > 25 (POR 2.18;95%CI: 1.40;3.8). Protective factors were: Symptomatic HIV disease (POR 0.36;95%CI: 0.14;0.97) and being informally emplo

关键词： ART Patients Prevalence hypertension Makonde Zimbabwe

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