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Quantification of Mayor Volatile Compounds from Artisanal Agave Distilled: Bacanora

American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第11期4卷 683-688页

作者： Maritza Lizeth álvarez-Ainza Humberto González-Ríos Alberto González-León ángel Javier Ojeda-Contreras Ana Isabel Valenzuela-Quintanar Evelia Acedo-Félix coordinación de ciencia de los alimentos de origen animal A. C. Hermosillo México coordinación de ciencia de los alimentos de origen Vegetal Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C. Hermosillo México coordinación de ciencia de los alimentos A. C. Hermosillo México

Bacanora is an artisanal beverage distilled from agave, which is manufactured on a small scale in the Sonora state, México. The aim of this study was to identify the major volatile compounds in 77 artisanal Bacanora beverages by gas chromatography, to determine the samples that comply with the Mexican Standards for Bacanora. The samples were collected in 28 municipalities in the area of origin denomination. It was found that only 55.8% of the samples (43) meet the parameters established in the Official Mexican Standards, whereas 44.2% of the samples (34) do not comply: 3 samples for alcohol content, 8 for acetaldehyde, 1 for esters, 11 for methanol and 17 for higher alcohols. Some of the samples do not comply because of more than one analyzed parameter. The Bacanora samples showed great variability among the sampled regions as well as within the same municipalities (p ≤ 0.05).

关键词： Alcoholic Beverages Bacanora Volatile Compounds Official Mexican Standards

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Dietary carbohydrate-to-protein ratio influences growth performance,hepatic health and dynamic of gut microbiota in atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)

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animal nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 261-279页

作者： Alejandro Villasante Carolina Ramírez Hector Rodríguez Patricio Dantagnan Adrian Hernandez Elías Figueroa Jaime Romero Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía Universidad de Las AmericasSantiagoChile Laboratorio de Biotecnología de alimentos Unidad de AlimentosInstituto de Nutricion y Tecnología de Los Alimentos(INTA)Universidad de ChileSantiagoChile Programa de Anatomía y Biología del desarrollo Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile núcleo de Investigacion en Produccion Alimentaria Facultad de Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Catolica de TemucoTemucoChile

Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)fed a carbohydrate-rich diet exhibit suboptimal growth performance,along with other metabolic *** is well known that gut microbes play a pivotal role in influencing metabolism of the host,and these microbes can be modified by the *** main goal of the present study was to determine the effect of feeding graded levels of digestible carbohydrates to Atlantic salmon on the distal intestine digesta microbiota at 3 sampling times(i.e.,weeks 4,8 and 12),during a 12-week trial.A low carbohydrate-to-high protein diet(LC/HP,0%wheat starch),a medium carbohydrate-tomedium protein diet(MC/MP,15%wheat starch)or a high carbohydrate-to-low protein diet(HC/LP,30%wheat starch)was fed to triplicate fish tanks(27 to 28 fish per tank).We performed an in-depth characterization of the distal intestine digesta ***,growth parameters,liver histology and the expression of genes involved in hepatic neolipogenesis in fish were *** fed a HC/LP diet showed greater hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indexes(P=0.026 and P=0.018,respectively),lower final weight(P=0.005),weight gain(P=0.003),feed efficiency(P=0.033)and growth rate(P=0.003)compared with fish fed the LC/HP ***,feeding salmon a high digestible carbohydrate diet caused greater lipid vacuolization,steatosis index(P=0.007)and expression of fatty acid synthase(fas)and delta-6 fatty acyl desaturase(d6fad)(P=0.001 and P=0.001,respectively)in the liver compared with fish fed the LC/HP ***,the major impact of feeding a carbohydrate-rich diet to Atlantic salmon in beta diversity of distal intestine digesta microbiota was observed at week 4(HC/LP vs MC/MP and HC/LP vs LC/HP;P=0.007 and P=0.008,respectively)and week 8(HC/LP vs MC/MP;P=0.04),no differences between experimental groups were detected after 12 weeks of ***,at the end of the trial,there was a negative correlation between lactic acid bacteria(LAB)members,including Leuconostoc and Lactobacil

关键词： Microbiota Microbiome Atlantic salmon Steatosis Lactic acid bacteria Probiotics

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Phenotypic and genotypic background underlying variations in fatty acid composition and sensory parameters in European bovine breeds

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 154-162页

作者： natalia Sevane Hubert Levéziel Geoffrey R nute Carlos Sanudo Alessio Valentini John Williams Susana Dunner the GeMQual Consortium departamento de Producción animal Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain InRA UMR 1061 F-87000 LimogesFrance Umversité de Limoges UMR 1061 F-87000 Limoges France Division of Farm animal Science University of Bristol Bristol BS40 5DU UK departimento de Producción animal y ciencia de los alimentos Universidad de Zaragoza 50013 Zaragoza Spain Dipartimento di Produzioni animali Universitá della Tuscia via De Lellis 01100 Viterbo italy Parco Tecnologico Padano Via Einstein Polo Universitario 26900 Lodi Italy

Background： Consuming moderate amounts of lean red meat as part of a balanced diet valuably contributes to intakes of essential nutrients, in this study, we merged phenotypic and genotypic information to characterize the variation in lipid profile and sensory parameters and to represent the diversity among 15 cattle populations. Correlations between fat content, organoleptic characteristics and lipid profiles were also investigated. Methods： A sample of 436 largely unrelated purebred bulls belonging to 15 breeds and reared under comparable management conditions was analyzed. Phenotypic data -including fatness score, fat percentage, individual fatty acids （FA） profiles and sensory panel tests- and genotypic information from 11 polymorphisms was used. Results： The correlation coefficients between muscle total lipid measurements and absolute vs. relative amounts of polyunsaturated FA （PUFA） were in opposite directions. Increasing carcass fat leads to an increasing amount of FAs in triglycerides, but at the same time the relative amount of PUFAs is decreasing, which is in concordance with the negative correlation obtained here between the percentage of PUFA and fat measurements, as well as the weaker correlation between total phospholipids and total lipid muscle content compared with neutral lipids. Concerning organoleptic characteristics, a negative correlation between fiavour scores and the percentage of total PUFA, particularly to n-6 fraction, was found. The correlation between juiciness and texture is higher than with flavour scores. The distribution of SnPs plotted by principal components analysis （PCA） mainly reflects their known trait associations, although influenced by their specific breed allele frequencies. Conclusions： The results presented here help to understand the phenotypic and genotypic background underlying variations in FA composition and sensory parameters between breeds. The wide range of traits and breeds studied, along with the genotypic informa

关键词： Bos taurus Beef Fatty acids Omega-3 Genotype assisted selection

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Cryopreservation by Vitrification of Vitis vinifera cv. ＂Red Globe＂ Zygotic Embryos and Effect on the Expression of DnA Methyltransferase Genes

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2016年第6期6卷 387-399页

作者： Heriberto Garcia-Coronado Maria-Elena Baez-Flores Rosalba Troncoso-Rojas Marisela Rivera-Dominguez Martin-Emesto Tiznado-Hernandez coordinacion de Tecnologia de alimentos de origen Vegetal Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo A.C. (CLAD)Hermosillo Sonora CP 83304 Mexico Facultad de ciencias Quimico Biol6gicas Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa Culiacan Sinaloa CP 80013 Mexico coordinacion de ciencia de los alimentos Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo A.C. (CLAD) HermosilloSonora CP 83304 Mexico

Mexico is a large producer of table grape （Vitis vinifera L.） and therefore it is important to develop protocols to store the grape varieties germplasm. The objective of the present work was to design a protocol for the cryopreservation by vitrification of zygotic embryos of V. vinifera cv. ＂Red Globe＂ and evaluate possible epigenetics changes. The plant vitrification solution 2 （PVS2） was utilized before the utilization of liquid nitrogen （Ln）. The effect of this protocol on embryo viability was tested by the triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride solution, as well as by the in vitro development of grape embryos into plantlet. A cDnA expression library of grape zygotic embryos was created to isolate expressed sequence tags of several DnA methyltrasferases. Gene expression of domains rearranged methyltransferase type 1 （DMR1） and DnA （cytosine-5）-methyltransferase 1 （MET1-2） isozymes was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. The optimal conditions for vitrification were 10 min in 50% PVS2, followed by I0 min in 100% PVS2. Under these conditions, about 30% of plantlet was obtained from embryos after cryopreservation. It was recorded a reduction in the MET1-2 gene expression, which plays a role in the maintenance of DnA methylation. It is possible to cryopreserve viable grape zygotic embryos, although the treatment seems to induce alterations in the normal DnA methylation pattern of the zygotic embryo genome.

关键词： Vitis vinifera zygotic embryo cryopreservation vitrification DnA methyltransferase.

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Biological Control of <i>Ceratitis capitata</i>(Diptera: Tephritidae) in Argentina: Releases of <i>Diachasmimorpha longicaudata</i>(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Fruit-Producing Semi-Arid Areas of San Juan

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natural Science 2014年第9期6卷 664-675页

作者： Lorena Suarez Fernando Murua natalia Lara Jorge Escobar Gustavo Taret José Luis Rubio Guido Van nieuwenhove Laura Bezdjian Pablo Schliserman Sergio Marcelo Ovruski Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ecoetológicas de Moscas de la Fruta y sus Enemigos naturales (LIEMEn) División Control Biológico de Plagas Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos y Biotecnología (PROIMI)—CCT Tucumán—CONICET Tucumán Argentina Programa de Control y Erradicación de Mosca de los Frutos de San Juan (ProCEM)—Dirección de Sanidad Vegetal Animal y Alimentos San Juan Argentina Programa de Control y Erradicación de Mosca de los Frutos de San Juan (ProCEM)—Dirección de Sanidad Vegetal Animal y Alimentos San Juan Argentina IMCn-Diversidad de Invertebrados Departamento de Biología San Juan Argentina

The Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) is one of the major pests of fruit crops in Argentina and it is a phytosanitary barrier to the export of fresh fruits. In the Province of San Juan, located in the central-eastern region of Argentina known as Cuyo, control strategies against Medfly in fruit-producing irrigated-valleys have been implemented by the national Fruit Fly Control and Eradication Program (ProCEM) jointly with the provincial government and the producers. This program uses an area-wide integrated pest management approach that includes the use of environment-friendly strategies to suppress or eradicate Medfly, such as the use of the sterile insect technique and the application of new-generation bait sprays, and more recently the release of the Indo-Pacific parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead). This exotic larval-prepupal endoparasitoid is being mass-reared on larvae of Vienna 8 TSL C. capitata strain at the BioPlanta San Juan facility. In this respect, the objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of laboratory-reared D. longicaudata females in order to find and successfully parasitize Medfly larvae in different host fruit species once released under semi-arid environmental conditions in ecologically isolated fruit-growing valleys of San Juan. Ground releases were used to disperse parasitoids in 6 fruit-producing valleys. In total, 40,000 adult parasitoids were released at places with various Medfly host plants bearing fruits and in which no insecticides were regularly applied, such as backyards and small orchards. 119 D. longicaudata adults were recovered from 6 Medfly-infested fruit species that were collected in 5 release sites (Pocito, Zonda, Santa Lucía, Caucete, and Rivadavia). The highest number of parasitoids was recovered from fig, followed by grape, rose, orange, tangerine, and persimmon. Data provided from this study open up the possibility of implementing a parasitoid mass-release program

关键词： Environment-Friendly Strategies Medfly Parasitoid Release Irrigated Valleys

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