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Train post‑derailment behaviours and containment methods:a review

Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 59-80页

作者： Zhao Tang Yuwei Hu Shuangbu Wang Liang Ling Jianjun Zhang Kaiyun Wang State Key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Institute of smart city and Intelligent Transportation Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China National Centre for Computer Animation Bournemouth UniversityDorsetUK

Railway accidents,particularly serious derailments,can lead to catastrophic ***,it is essential to prevent derailment escalation to reduce the likelihood of severe *** post-derailment behaviours and containment methods play a critical role in preventing derailment escalation and providing passive safety protection and accident prevention in the event of a ***,despite the increasing attention on this field from academia and industry in recent years,there is a lack of systematic exploration and summarization of emerging applications and containment methods in train post-derailment *** this reason,this paper presents a comprehensive review of existing studies on train post-derailment behaviours,encompassing various topics such as post-derailment contact-impact models,dynamic modelling and simulation techniques,and the primary factors influencing post-derailment ***,this review introduces and elucidates substitute guidance mechanisms(SGMs),which serve as railway-specific passive safety protection and accident prevention *** various types of SGMs are depicted,and their ongoing developments and applications are explored in *** review additionally points out several unresolved challenges including the adverse effects of SGMs,and proposes future research directions to advance the theoretical understanding and practical application of train post-derailment behaviours and containment *** review seeks to be a valuable reference for railway industry professionals in preventing catastrophic derailment consequences through post-derailment containment methods.

关键词： Railway passive safety Railway accident prevention Post-derailment behaviours Substitute guidance mechanisms(SGMs) Contact-impact model

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Establishing and Validating Refractive Error Reference Values for Myopia Prediction Among Children Aged 6–12 Years-Jiangsu Province,China,2018-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第32期6卷 804-810页

作者： Xiyan Zhang Chen-Wei Pan Wei Du Yonglin Zhou Jie Yang Yan Wang Yiliang Xin Wei Lu Hongxia Ma School of Public Health Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Public Health Suzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhou CityJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Public Health Southeast UniversityNanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Previously,it has been proved that a simplified model that uses refraction error value provides a robust and efficient means of predicting myopia for non-myopic *** targeting non-myopic children with alert refraction errors(or insufficient hyperopia reserve)holds significant importance in reducing the incidence rate of *** is added by this report?This study,comprising two phases(surveillance and cohort studies),was aiming to pinpoint the precise refractive error value for the onset of myopia prediction among non-myopic children in Jiangsu *** are the implications for public health practice?First,when conducting myopia screenings using pupil dilation for non-myopic populations:the cycloplegic 50th percentile refractive error emerges as a more precise predictive ***,when conducting myopia screenings without pupil dilation:this study advocates for the incorporation of axial length(AL)and corneal curvature(CC)values as supplementary indicators in screenings.

关键词： precise dating holds

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Ionic liquid-based in situ dynamically self-assembled cationic lipid nanocomplexes(CLNs)for enhanced intranasal siRNA delivery

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 367-371页

作者： Luyu Zhang Zirong Dong Shuai Yu Guangyue Li Weiwen Kong Wenjuan Liu Haisheng He Yi Lu Wei Wu Jianping Qi Key Laboratory of smart Drug Delivery of MOE School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China School of Pharmacy Shandong Academy of SciencesQilu University of TechnologyJi'nan 250353China college of Chemical Engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210China

This research aims to develop a non-invasive strategy for small interfering RNA(siRNA)nasal delivery based on ionic liquids(ILs)and cationic lipid(2,3-dioleoyloxy-propyl)-trimethylammonium-chloride(DOTAP).Other than the classical role of penetration enhancer,ILs also acted as superior solvents to simultaneously load siRNA and DOTAP,forming siRNA-DOTAP-ILs(siRNA-DILs)*** nasal mucosa penetration,DOTAP and ILs components self-assembled into cationic lipid nanocomplexes to load siRNA for enhanced in situ *** siRNA-DILs demonstrated resistance against RNase,significant mucosa penetration,prolonged nasal retention,and satisfying gene-silencing efficacy at lower ***,DILs were also able to deliver KCa3.1-targeted siRNA effectively for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in rat model by nasal ***,DILs have great potentials to deliver biological macromolecules across nasal mucosa by in situ dynamic self-assembly.

关键词： Ionic liquids Cationic lipids Lipid nanoparticles siRNA Allergic rhinitis

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An overview of detecting gene-trait associations by integrating GWAS summary statistics and eQTLs

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1133-1154页

作者： Yang Zhang Mengyao Wang Zhenguo Li Xuan Yang Keqin Li Ao Xie Fang Dong Shihan Wang Jianbing Yan Jianxiao Liu National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of smart Farming for Agricultural Animals Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China college of Informatics Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China college of Life Sciences Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Detecting genes that affect specific traits(such as human diseases and crop yields)is important for treating complex diseases and improving crop quality.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)provides new insights and directions for understanding complex traits by identifying important single nucleotide *** GWAS summary statistics data related to various complex traits have been gathered *** have shown that GWAS risk loci and expression quantitative trait loci(e QTLs)often have a lot of overlaps,which makes gene expression gradually become an important intermediary to reveal the regulatory role of *** this review,we review three types of gene-trait association detection methods of integrating GWAS summary statistics and e QTLs data,namely colocalization methods,transcriptome-wide association study-oriented approaches,and Mendelian randomization-related *** the theoretical level,we discussed the differences,relationships,advantages,and disadvantages of various algorithms in the three kinds of gene-trait association detection *** further discuss the performance of various methods,we summarize the significant gene sets that influence highdensity lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein,total cholesterol,and triglyceride reported in 16 *** discuss the performance of various algorithms using the datasets of the four lipid *** advantages and limitations of various algorithms are analyzed based on experimental results,and we suggest directions for follow-up studies on detecting gene-trait associations.

关键词： gene-trait association GWAS eQTL colocalization transcriptome-wide association study(TWAS) Mendelian randomization(MR)

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Regulating the Electron-Deficient Component in A-DA1D-A Typed Small-Molecule Acceptors for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 623-630页

作者： Weifei Wei Ruijie Ma Zhanxiang Chen Tongle Xu Gang Li Zhenghui Luo Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518060 China Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077 China

Fine-tuning of the electron-deficient unit in A-DA1D-A typed small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) plays a crucial role in developing efficient SMAs for organic solar cells (OSCs).Here,we developed a SMA based on benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-b]quinoxaline,designated as QW1,as well as three SMAs based on 1-methylindoline-2,3-dione,identified as QW2,QW3,and *** with QW2,QW1 displays slightly blue-shifted absorption spectra and a lower LUMO energy level due to the stronger electron-withdrawing capability of BTQx in contrast to *** the other hand,the introduction of a bromine atom in QW3 and QW4 causes a blue shift in absorption and a reduction in the LUMO energy level compared to *** functional theory analysis reveals that QW1 exhibits the best molecular planarity,which endows QW1 with larger electron mobility and tighter molecular ***,PM6:QW1 device affords a better efficiency of 15.63% than those of the devices based on QW2 (14.25%),QW3 (13.21%) and QW4 (15.03%).Moreover,the QW4-based device yields the highest open-circuit voltage of 0.933 V,and the PM6:L8-BO:QW4 ternary device realizes a PCE of 19.03%.Overall,our work demonstrates that regulation of electron-deficient central units is an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of the resulting A-DA1D-A SMAs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Small-molecule acceptor Electron-deficient unit Energy conversion efficiency Renewable resources π-πstacking Green chemistry

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A healable, mechanically robust and ultrastretchable ionic conductive elastomer for durably wearable sensor

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3369-3378页

作者： Guoxian Zhang Chunmei Li JiaoJun Tan Mingqi Wang Yafeng Ren Feijie Ge Qiuyu Zhang Key Laboratory of Special Functional and smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China college of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering EducationShaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi’an 710021China

The ionic conductive elastomers show great promise in multifunctional wearable electronics,but they currently suffer from liquid leakage/evaporation or mechanical *** ionic conductive elastomers integrating non-volatility,mechanical robustness,superior ionic conductivity,and ultra-stretchability remains urgent and ***,we developed a healable,robust,and conductive elastomer via impregnating free ionic liquids(ILs)into the ILs-multigrafted poly(urethane-urea)(PUU)elastomer networks.A crucial strategy in the molecular design is that imidazolium cations are largely introduced by double-modification of PUU and centipede-like structures are obtained,which can lock the impregnated ILs through strong ionic *** this system,the PUU matrix contributes outstanding mechanical properties,while the hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions endow the elastomer with self-healing ability,conductivity,as well as non-volatility and *** fabricated ionic conductive elastomers show good conductivity(3.8×10^(-6) S·cm^(-1)),high mechanical properties,including tensile stress(4.64 MPa),elongation(1470%),and excellent healing ability(repairing efficiency of 90%after healing at room temperature for 12 h).Significantly,the conductive elastomers have excellent antifatigue properties,and demonstrate a highly reproducible response after 1000 uninterrupted extension-release *** work provides a promising strategy to prepare ionic conductive elastomers with excellent mechanical properties and stable sensing capacity,and further promote the development of mechanically adaptable intelligent sensors.

关键词： ionic conductive elastomers poly(urethane-urea)(PUU) ionic interactions centipede-like self-healing

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ROBO-SPOT:Detecting Robocalls by Understanding User Engagement and Connectivity Graph

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 340-356页

作者： Muhammad Ajmal Azad Junaid Arshad Farhan Riaz college of Comnputer Science Birmingham City UniversityBirminghamB55JUUK School of Computer Science University of LincolnLincolnLN67TSUK

Robo or unsolicited calls have become a persistent issue in telecommunication networks,posing significant challenges to individuals,businesses,and regulatory *** calls not only trick users into disclosing their private and financial information,but also affect their productivity through unwanted phone ringing.A proactive approach to identify and block such unsolicited calls is essential to protect users and service providers from potential ***,this paper proposes a solution to identify robo-callers in the telephony network utilising a set of novel features to evaluate the trustworthiness of callers in a *** trust score of the callers is then used along with machine learning models to classify them as legitimate or *** use a large anonymized dataset(call detailed records)from a large telecommunication provider containing more than 1 billion records collected over 10 *** have conducted extensive evaluation demonstrating that the proposed approach achieves high accuracy and detection rate whilst minimizing the error ***,the proposed features when used collectively achieve a true-positive rate of around 97%with a false-positive rate of less than 0.01%.

关键词： social network analysis reputation unwanted calls robo-callers telephone network Spam Over Internet Technology(SPIT)

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Investigation of crack segmentation and fast evaluation of crack propagation, based on deep learning

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 516-535页

作者： Than V.TRAN H.NGUYEN-XUAN Xiaoying ZHUANG Institute of Photonics Leibniz University HannoverHannover 30167Germany CIRTech Institute HUTECH UniversityHo Chi Minh City 700000Vietnam college of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Identifying crack and predicting crack propagation are critical processes for the risk assessment of engineering *** traditional approaches to crack modeling are faced with issues of high computational costs and excessive computing *** address this issue,we explore the potential of deep learning(DL)to increase the efficiency of crack detection and forecasting crack ***,there is no single algorithm that can fit all data sets well or can apply in all cases since specific tasks *** the paper,we present DL models for identifying cracks,especially on concrete surface images,and for predicting crack ***,SegNet and U-Net networks are used to identify concrete *** gradient descent(SGD)and adaptive moment estimation(Adam)algorithms are applied to minimize loss function during ***,time series algorithms including gated recurrent unit(GRU)and long short-term memory(LSTM)are used to predict crack *** experimental findings indicate that the U-Net is more robust and efficient than the SegNet for identifying crack segmentation and achieves the most outstanding *** evaluation of crack propagation,GRU and LSTM are used as DL models and results show good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： deep learning crack segmentation crack propagation encoder−decoder recurrent neural network

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Push forward LC-MS-based therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacometabolomics for anti-tuberculosis precision dosing and comprehensive clinical management

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第1期14卷 16-38页

作者： Nguyen Quang Thu Nguyen Tran Nam Tien Nguyen Thi Hai Yen Thuc-Huy Duong Nguyen Phuoc Long Huy Truong Nguyen Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center Inje University College of MedicineBusan47392Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry University of EducationHo Chi Minh City700000Viet Nam Faculty of Pharmacy Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh City700000Viet Nam

The spread of tuberculosis(TB),especially multidrug-resistant TB and extensively drug-resistant TB,has strongly motivated the research and development of new anti-TB *** strategies to facilitate drug combinations,including pharmacokinetics-guided dose optimization and toxicology studies of first-and second-line anti-TB drugs have also been introduced and *** chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)has arguably become the gold standard in the analysis of both endo-and exo-genous *** technique has been applied successfully not only for therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)but also for pharmacometabolomics *** improves the effectiveness of treatment,reduces adverse drug reactions,and the likelihood of drug resistance development in TB patients by determining dosage regimens that produce concentrations within the therapeutic target *** on TDM,the dose would be optimized individually to achieve favorable *** is essential in generating and validating hypotheses regarding the metabolism of anti-TB drugs,aiding in the discovery of potential biomarkers for TB diagnostics,treatment monitoring,and outcome *** article highlighted the current progresses in TDM of anti-TB drugs based on LC-MS bioassay in the last two ***,we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of this technique in practical *** pressing need for non-invasive sampling approaches and stability studies of anti-TB drugs was ***,we provided perspectives on the prospects of combining LC-MS-based TDM and pharmacometabolomics with other advanced strategies(pharmacometrics,drug and vaccine developments,machine learning/artificial intelligence,among others)to encapsulate in an all-inclusive approach to improve treatment outcomes of TB patients.

关键词： Tuberculosis Therapeutic drug monitoring LC-MS MIPD Pharmacometabolomics Precision medicine

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Detection of a reassortant swine H1N2 influenza A virus from pigs in Hong Kong

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 343-346页

作者： Guoqian Gu Congnuan Liu Song Hao Lee Lewis Sze Chun Choi Michael T.Wilson Dirk U.Pfeiffer Yun Young Go Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Center for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina college of Veterinary Medicine Konkuk UniversitySeoul143-701Republic of Korea

Dear Editor,Influenza A viruses(IAVs)are responsible for significant respiratory illnesses in humans and a broad range of animal *** outbreaks and the rapid spread of genetically and antigenically distinct IAVs represent a considerable challenge for swine *** are susceptible to avian and human IAV infections and are considered“mixing vessels”where human,avian,and swine IAVs can recombine and generate novel reassortant influenza viruses with pandemic potential(Vincent et al.,2014).

关键词： swine influenza mixing

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