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Future Education of Cartography and GIS:What Is Next?

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Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science 2022年第3期5卷 1-6页

作者： Tao WANG college of resource Environment and TourismCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China

Cartography and maps support the continuous rising of the awareness of the power of spatial data,which further lays a foundation for the popularity of various location based services and applications in society.Cartography and Geographic Information System education has been a core activity in the cartographic academic community for knowledge creation and transfer in higher education institutions.Maps in primary and high schools play a unique role across disciplines to build the spatial thinking capacities of young generations.Over years educators train students via lectures and lab works into which digital technologies are gradually incorporated.The COVID-19 pandemic has been fast forwarding our pace to employ digital technologies in online teaching and learning.Teachers are passively or proactively adapted to conduct their teaching online and redesign their lectures and assessments of students’performance.On another side,students are getting used to online learning even more quickly with various digital devices in an interactive and collective way.It creates opportunities for cartographic GIS educators to build a body of knowledge for cartography which can be used to build open source educational resources systematically.Further flexible curriculum can be designed and implemented for professional and continuous education and training at various levels.Future education of cartography and GIS can improve map literacy and make a sustainable education.

关键词： cartography and GIS future education online learning spatial thinking map literacy sustainable

Advances in preparation,application in contaminant removal,and environmental risks of biochar-based catalysts:a review

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 327-357页

作者： Bowen Yang Jiawei Dai Yuan Zhao Jingwei Wu Caiya Ji Yuhu Zhang College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China School of environmental and Safety Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China

As a carbon-rich material produced by pyrolysis of biomass,biochar features low cost,large specific surface area,and widely available feedstocks based on the functional diversity and environmental-friendly properties,it has received increasing attention in the fields of pollutant removal due to three win-win effects of water remediation,carbon sequestration and reutilization of wastes.To design excellent biochar-based catalysts for environmental applications,one must understand recent advances in the catalysts for contaminant removal.This review focuses on the current application of biochar-based catalysts in redox systems,Fenton-like systems,sonocatalytic systems and photocatalytic systems.Besides in-depth discussion in effects of preparation conditions on physicochemical characteristics of biochars,the review supplements new preparation technologies of biochar and biochar-based catalysts.Most importantly,the advantages/shortcomings,catalysis mechanisms,as well as the pollutant removal ability of different types of biochar-based catalysts are discussed.The environmental risks of the catalyst applications are also elaborated on.Future research on biochar-based catalyst production and its environmental applications is discussed.The review provides a good overview of the current advances of biochar-based catalysts in pollutant control and the future research directions.

关键词： Biochar-based catalysts Sonocatalysts Fenton-like catalysts Photocatalysts Pollutant removal environmental risks

不透水地表盖度视角下中美城市群空间结构对比——以“京津冀”与“波士华”为例（英文）

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2018年第3期28卷 306-322页

作者：曹诗颂胡德勇胡卓玮赵文吉陈姗姗于琛 College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University

Under the background of China's rapid urbanization, study on comparative analysis of the spatial structure of urban agglomerations between China and the US can provide the policy proposals of space optimization for the Chinese government. Taking the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) and Boswash as study area, we mapped the subpixel-level impervious surface coverage of the BTH and Boswash, respectively, from 1972 to 2011. Further, landscape metrics, gravitational model and spatial analysis were used to analyze the differences of the spatial structures between the BTH and Boswash. The results showed that(1) the area of the impervious surface increased rapidly in the BTH, while those remained stable in the Boswash.(2) The spatial structure of the BTH experienced different periods including isolated cities stage, dual-core cities stage, group cities stage and network-style cities stage, while those of the Boswash was more stable, and its spatial pattern showed a "point-axis" structure.(3) The spatial pattern of high-high assembling regions of the impervious surface exhibited a "standing pancake" feature in the BTH, while those showed a "multi-center, local aggregation and global discrete" feature in the Boswash.(4) All the percentages of the impervious surface of ecological, living, and production land of the BTH were higher than those of the Boswash. At last, from the perspective of space optimization of urban agglomeration, the development proposals for the BTH were proposed.

关键词：空间结构城市表面渗透产品中国政府水空间优化

黄河三门峡至扣马段的阶地序列及成因(英文)

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2009年第3期19卷 351-358页

作者：苏怀王均平潘保田明庆忠李琼 college of tourism and Geography Sciences Yunnan Normal University college of resource Environment and TourismCapital Normal University college of resources and environment Lanzhou University

Based on field landscape investigations, thermoluminescence （TL）, magnetostratigraphy and Ioess-paleosol sequence, we found that there are at least four Yellow River terraces, whose ages are 0.86 Ma, 0.62 Ma, 0.13 Ma and 0.05 Ma, in Yuxi Fault-Uplift （from Sanmen Gorge to Mengjin） and at least three Yellow River terraces, whose ages are 1.24 Ma, 0.25 Ma and 0.05 Ma, in Huabei Fault Depression （from Mengjin to Kouma）. All the terraces have a similar structure that several meters of paleosols directly develop on the top of fluvial silt. It shows that the Yellow River incised and consequently abandoned floodplain converted to terrace during the interglacial period. Therefore, there may be a link between the formation of terraces and glacial-interglacial climatic cycles. However, the differences in the Yellow River terrace sequences and ages between Yuxi Fault-Uplift and Huabei Fault Depression indicate that the surface uplift should play an important role in the formation of these terraces.

关键词： Sanmen Gorge Yellow River terrace climatic changes surface uplift

Identifying the influence of urbanization on soil organic matter content and p H from soil magnetic characteristics

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第6期7卷 820-830页

作者： YANG Han XIONG Heigang CHEN Xuegang WANG Yaqi ZHANG Fang college of resource and environment Sciences Xinjiang University college of Geographical Science and tourism Xinjiang Normal University college of Applied Arts and Science of Beijing Union University

Soil magnetic characteristics are correlated with soil p H and organic matter content. Analyzing soil magnetic characteristics, organic matter content and p H can indirectly evaluate soil pollution caused by human activities. This study analyzed the soil magnetic characteristics, organic matter content and p H in surface soil samples from different land use types in Shihezi city, a newly and rapidly developing oasis city in Xinjiang of China. The aims of this study were to explore the possible relationships among the soil magnetic parameters and thereby improve the understanding of influence of urbanization on soil properties. Eighty surface soil samples at the depth of 0–10 cm were collected from 29 July to 4 August 2013. The results showed that the magnetic minerals in surface soil were dominated by ferromagnetic minerals. Spatially, the magnetic susceptibility（χLF）, anhysteretic remanent magnetization susceptibility（χARM）, saturation isothermal remanent magnetization（SIRM） and ＂soft＂ isothermal remanent magnetization（SOFT） were found to be most dominant in the new northern urban area B（N-B）, followed by built-up areas（U）, suburban agricultural land（F）, and then the new northern urban area A（N-A）. The values of χLF, χARM, SIRM and SOFT were higher in the areas with high intensities of human activities and around the main roads. Meanwhile, the property ＂hard＂ isothermal remanent magnetization（HIRM） followed the order of U〉N-B〉F〉N-A. Built-up areas had an average p H value of 7.93, which was much higher than that in the new northern urban areas as well as in suburban agricultural land, due to the increased urban pollutant emissions. The average value of soil organic matter content in the whole study area was 34.69 g/kg, and the values in the new northern urban areas were much higher than those in the suburban agricultural land and built-up areas. For suburban agricultural land, soil organic matter content was significantly negatively correlated with χLF, and had no correlation with other magnetic parameters, sinc

关键词： environmental magnetism surface soil p H soil organic matter content

Improving the quality of pollen-climate calibration-sets is the primary step for ensuring reliable climate reconstructions

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Science Bulletin 2018年第20期63卷 1317-1318页

作者： Xianyong Cao Fang Tian Wei Ding Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biogeography Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of resource environment and GIS College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University Institute of Geological Sciences Palaeontology Free University of Berlin

Pollen-based climate reconstructions have been widely applied in China [1,2]as an essential way to investigate quantitatively past climate change,which is necessary to improve the reliability of future climate predictions [3].However,their usefulness is often doubted,particularly for those regions with a long history of civilization (e.g.East China),where both the modern and past vegetation are heavily disturbed by human activities [4-6].Which factors influence the integrity of pollen-based climate reconstructions and how to improve their reliability are rigorous challenges for palynologists.Previous work focusing on these two questions has used modern pollen data from China or eastern continental Asia and mainly concludes that past climate reconstruction is quite sensitive to the clualitv of the calibration-set [2,7].

关键词： pollen-climate

A toxicity-based method for evaluating safety of reclaimed water for environmental reuses

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第10期26卷 1961-1969页

作者： Jianying Xu Chuntao Zhao Dongbin Wei Yuguo Du College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences

A large quantity of toxic chemical pollutants possibly remains in reclaimed water due to the limited removal efficiency in traditional reclamation processes. It is not enough to guarantee the safety of reclaimed water using conventional water quality criteria. An integrated assessment method based on toxicity test is necessary to vividly depict the safety of reclaimed water for reuse. A toxicity test battery consisting of lethality, genotoxicity and endocrine disrupting effect was designed to screen the multiple biological effects of residual toxic chemicals in reclaimed water. The toxicity results of reclaimed water were converted into the equivalent concentrations of the corresponding positive reference substances（EQC）. Simultaneously, the predicted no-effect concentration（PNEC） of each positive reference substance was obtained by analyzing the species sensitivity distribution（SSD） of toxicity data. An index ＂toxicity score＂ was proposed and valued as 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the ratio of the corresponding EQC to PNEC. For vividly ranking the safety of reclaimed water, an integrated assessment index ＂toxicity rank＂ was proposed, which was classified into A, B, C, or D rank with A being the safest. The proposed method was proved to be effective in evaluating reclaimed water samples in case studies.

关键词： Toxicity Safety Water quality Reclaimed water

人类活动改变了中亚1000年以来的火-气候关系:来自4200年的沉积物记录

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Science Bulletin 2021年第8期66卷 761-764,M0003页

作者：张山佳鲁轶文魏文钰仇梦晗董广辉刘兴起 college of Earth&environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China

火灾深刻地影响着人类的生产生活.中亚地区对气候变化响应敏感且有着悠久的放牧活动历史,然而由于缺乏高分辨率的火灾记录,该地区长时间尺度的火-气候-人类活动间的关系仍不清楚.本文通过对新疆卡拉库里湖泊(38.439°N, 75.057°E;3645 ... 详细信息

火灾深刻地影响着人类的生产生活.中亚地区对气候变化响应敏感且有着悠久的放牧活动历史,然而由于缺乏高分辨率的火灾记录,该地区长时间尺度的火-气候-人类活动间的关系仍不清楚.本文通过对新疆卡拉库里湖泊(38.439°N, 75.057°E;3645 masl)沉积物中的黑碳含量分析,重建了该地区首条高分辨率(~20年)的晚全新世火灾记录.综合古气候记录对比分析表明, 4200~1000 a BP,在年代际、百年际和千年际尺度上,湿润期对应火灾多发期;1000 a BP以来,在百年际和千年际尺度上,湿润期对应火灾少发期.我们认为,中亚地区草原火灾的变化受控于湿度所影响的植被载荷的变化,而人类活动(如牧业和农业)很可能通过减少地表生物量而抑制了近1000年来的火灾活动,打破了长期以来气候控制火灾变化的模式.本研究对以草原为主的中亚地区火-气候-人类活动之间的相互作用提供了有益的认知,有助于未来火灾管理政策的制定.

关键词：草原火灾晚全新世卡拉库里湖气候变化响应长时间尺度中亚地区高分辨率

Integrating CART Algorithm and Multi-source Remote Sensing Data to Estimate Sub-pixel Impervious Surface Coverage:A Case Study from Beijing Municipality,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2017年第4期27卷 614-625页

作者： HU Deyong CHEN Shanshan QIAO Kun CAO Shisong College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University college of resources Science and Technology Beijing Normal University

The sub-pixel impervious surface percentage(SPIS) is the fraction of impervious surface area in one pixel,and it is an important indicator of urbanization.Using remote sensing data,the spatial distribution of SPIS values over large areas can be extracted,and these data are significant for studies of urban climate,environment and hydrology.To develop a stabilized,multi-temporal SPIS estimation method suitable for typical temperate semi-arid climate zones with distinct seasons,an optimal model for estimating SPIS values within Beijing Municipality was built that is based on the classification and regression tree(CART) algorithm.First,models with different input variables for SPIS estimation were built by integrating multi-source remote sensing data with other auxiliary data.The optimal model was selected through the analysis and comparison of the assessed accuracy of these models.Subsequently,multi-temporal SPIS mapping was carried out based on the optimal model.The results are as follows:1) multi-seasonal images and nighttime light(NTL) data are the optimal input variables for SPIS estimation within Beijing Municipality,where the intra-annual variability in vegetation is distinct.The different spectral characteristics in the cultivated land caused by the different farming characteristics and vegetation phenology can be detected by the multi-seasonal images effectively.NLT data can effectively reduce the misestimation caused by the spectral similarity between bare land and impervious surfaces.After testing,the SPIS modeling correlation coefficient(r) is approximately 0.86,the average error(AE) is approximately 12.8%,and the relative error(RE) is approximately 0.39.2) The SPIS results have been divided into areas with high-density impervious cover(70%–100%),medium-density impervious cover(40%–70%),low-density impervious cover(10%–40%) and natural cover(0%–10%).The SPIS model performed better in estimating values for high-density urban areas than other categories.3) Multi-temporal SPIS mapping(1991–2016) was conducte

关键词：多源遥感数据 ART算法估计方法北京市子像素透水率优化模型案例