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Influence of cerium and yttrium addition on strength and electrical conductivity of pure aluminum alloys

Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 600-611,I0006页

作者： Guojian Lin Lu Li Zhengwei Guo Xianjun Jia Xiao Wang Zhentao Yuan Guoxing Zhang Yun Zhan Quan Shan Zulai Li Faculty of materials science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China Research Center for Analysis and Measurement Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China City college Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650051China

To develop pure aluminum alloys with high conductivity and strength, Al-0.2Ce and Al-0.2Ce-0.1Y alloys were prepared by rolling and annealing processes in this study. The effects of trace rare earth elements on the strength and electrical conductivity of the pure aluminum alloys were investigated. It is revealed that the addition of Ce and Y to pure aluminum can effectively enhance the strength and electrical conductivity of the alloys. In Al-0.2Ce, the addition of Ce can effectively refine the grain size of a-Al, with an average grain size of 90.68 μm in the as-cast state. The grain size of the alloy is further reduced to 87.55 μm by the simultaneous addition of Y. The synergistic addition of Ce and Y changes the properties of the alloy. The addition of Ce and Y also produces the Al_(11)Ce_(3) and Al_(3)Y second phases, which have coherent relationship with a-Al. The two-dimensional mismatch degree was calculated to be only 4.43%and 0.85%, respectively, which can provide a certain amount of nucleation substrate for a-Al in the incubation stage. The interfacial match between the L1_(2)structure of Al_(3)Y and a-Al was calculated using first-principles simulations. The results indicate that Al_(3)Y has a strong bonding effect with a-Al. Nanoscale second phases at grain boundaries can be effective in reducing resistivity due to dislocation motion.Nanoscale second phases with better matching interfaces to the substrate have no positive effect on the scattering motion of electrons.

关键词： Pure aluminum Rare earths Impurity purification First-principles calculations Strength-conductivity contradiction

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Fast thermal responsive separators toward long-life and safe lithium metal batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2746-2754页

作者： Pingan Li Zhifang Liu Yitong Peng Shanshan Yang Tao Meng Yunhuan Hu Yingjun Jiang Hao Sun Qi Li Xianluo Hu State Key Laboratory of materials Processing and Die and Mould technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have been extensively investigated during the past decades because of their ultrahigh energy densities.With the increasing demand for energy density,however,the safety issue of LMBs has become a significant challenge.In particular,localized areas of increased temperature(namely,hotspots)may be induced and even exacerbated within LMBs by uneven current distribution,internal short circuits,or inadequate heat dissipation,which significantly sacrifices battery safety and cycle life.Here,we report the rational design and fabrication of a fast thermal responsive separator capable of inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites and mitigating thermal propagation,thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway.The as-achieved separator comprises both an electrospun membrane using a phase change material with superior thermal-storage ability and a thermally conductive modification layer of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with a fast heat-transfer feature.It is demonstrated that such a unique integration of heat conduction and heat storage enables the functional separator with attractive abilities to mitigate hotspots and inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites upon the cycling of LMBs.Moreover,pouch cells with the thermal-responsive separator,as well as numerical simulations,verify much enhanced safety and cycle life of LMBs.This work may offer a new conceptual design of intelligent separators that acts as a functional unit encapsulated within a single cell to boost in-situ thermal management,which will help to develop high-safety and energy-dense LMBs.

关键词： lithium metal batteries separators hotspots safety thermal management

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SnS2 nanosheets decorated SnO2 hollow multishelled nanostructures for enhanced sensing of triethylamine gas

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2339-2348页

作者： Wen-Di Liu Ya Xiong Ao Shen Xin-Zhen Wang Xiao Chang Wen-Bo Lu Jian Tian School of materials science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology college of Physics Qingdao University Zernike Institute for Advanced materials University of Groningen

Highly sensitive,fast and low-temperature detection of triethylamine （TEA） gas based on Sn O2is attractive yet remains challenging.Herein,Sn S2nanosheets （NSs）/Sn O2hollow multishelled structures （Ho MSs）-based sensors are designed by the synthesis of Sn O2Ho MSs,followed by in situ sulfuration with thioacetamide.By varying the thioacetamide levels,Sn S2/Sn O2heterostructures with different Sn S2contents were obtained and their TEA gas sensing performances were investigated.

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Microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and fracture behavior of Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites prepared by a compound casting

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1944-1964页

作者： Guangyu Li Wenming Jiang Feng Guan Junwen Zhu Yang Yu Zitian Fan State Key Laboratory of materials Processing and Die & Mould technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

In this paper, the effect of the Si content on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites prepared by compound casting was investigated systematically. The obtained results showed that all the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites had a metallurgical reaction layer（MRL）, whose thickness increased with increasing Si content for the hypoeutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites, while the hypereutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites were opposite. The MRL included eutectic layer（E layer）,intermetallic compound layer（IMC layer） and transition region layer（T layer）. In the IMC layer, the hypereutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites contained some Si solid solution and flocculent Mg2Si+Al-Mg IMCs phases not presented in the hypoeutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites.Besides, increasing Si content, the thickness proportion of the T layer increased, forming an inconsistent preferred orientation of the MRL.The shear strengths of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites enhanced with increasing Si content, and the Al-15Si/AZ91D composite obtained a maximum shear strength of 58.6 MPa, which was 73.4% higher than the Al-6Si/AZ91D composite. The fractures of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites transformed from the T layer into the E layer with the increase of the Si content. The improvement of the shear strength of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites was attributed to the synergistic action of the Mg2Si particle reinforcement, the reduction of oxidizing inclusions and the ratio of Al-Mg IMCs as well as the orientation change of the MRL.

关键词： Al/Mg bimetallic composites Si content Mg 2 Si reinforcement Microstructure Mechanical properties Fracture behavior

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Microstructure and magnetocaloric properties of melt-extracted SmGdDyCoAl high-entropy amorphous microwires

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1234-1242页

作者： Shi-Jie Wei Hong-Xian Shen Lun-Yong Zhang Lin Luo Xin-Xing Tang Jian-Fei Sun Xiao-Qing Li School of materials science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China Applied materials Physics Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKTH-Royal Institute of Technology10044StockholmSweden

This paper presents a systematic investigation of the microstructure and magnetocaloric properties of melt-extracted Sm_(20)Gd_(20)Dy_(20)Co_(20)Al_(20)high-entropy microwires.The fabricated wires exhibited an amorphous structure,and the temperature interval of the undercooled liquid AT was 45 K.The microwires underwent a second-order magnetic transition from a ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic state near the Curie temperature(T_(C)=52 K),The maximum magnetic entropy change(-ΔS_M^(max)),the relative cooling power and the refrigeration capacity reached 6.34 J·kg^(-1)·K^(-1).422.09 J·kg^(-1)and 332.94 J·kg^(-1),respectively,under a magnetic field change of 5 T.In addition,the temperature-averaged entropy changes with two temperature lifts(3 and 10 K)were 6.32 and 6.27 J·kg^(-1)·K^(-1),respectively.The good magnetocalorie performance highlights the significant potential for the Sm_(20)Gd_(20)Dy_(20)Co_(20)Al_(20)microwires to be used as magnetic refrigerant materials in low-temperature region applications.This work will serve as a valuable reference for future investigations on low-temperature high-entropy magnetocaloric materials.

关键词： Melt-extraction High-entropy amorphous microwires Magnetocaloric effect Magnetic refrigeration

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An intermittent lithium deposition model based on CuMnbimetallic MOF derivatives for composite lithium anode with ultrahigh areal capacity and current densities

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2763-2769页

作者： Tao Wei Yanyan Zhou Cheng Sun Xingtong Guo Shoudong Xu Daifen Chen Yongfu Tang School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China State Key Laboratory of Metastable materials science and technology(MMST) Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied ChemistryYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China college of materials science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Recently,three-dimensional(3D)conductive frameworks have been chosen as the host for composite lithium(Li)metal anode because of their exceptional electrical conductivity and remarkable thermal and electrochemical stability.However,Li tends to accumulate on the top of the 3D frameworks with homogenous lithiophilicity and Li dendrite still growth.This work firstly designed a bimetallic metal-organic framework(MOF)(CuMn-MOF)derived Cu_(2)O and Mn_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles decorated carbon cloth(CC)substrates(CC@Cu_(2)O/Mn_(3)O_(4))to fabricate a composite Li anode.Thanks to the synergistic effects of lithiophilic Cu_(2)O and Mn_(3)O_(4),the CC@Cu_(2)O/Mn_(3)O_(4)@Li symmetrical cell can afford a prolonged cycling lifespan(1400 h)under an ultrahigh current density and areal capacity(6 mA·cm^(-2)/6 mAh·cm^(-2)).When coupled with the LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cathode,the LFP||CC@Cu_(2)O/Mn_(3)O_(4)@Li full cell demonstrated a superior performance of 89.7 mAh·g^(-1) even at an extremely high current density(10 C).Furthermore,it can also be matched well with LiNi_(0.5)Co^(0).2Mn_(0.3)O_(2)(NCM523)cathode.Importantly,to explain the excellent performances of the CC@Cu_(2)O/Mn_(3)O_(4)@Li composite anode,an intermittent model was also proposed.This study offers a novel model that can enhance our comprehension of the Li deposition behavior and pave the way to attain stable and safe Li metal anodes by employing bimetallic MOF-derived materials to construct 3D frameworks.

关键词： lithium metal anode(LMA) three-dimensional(3D)frameworks intermittent lithiophilic model high areal capacity bimetallic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)

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Recent advances and perspectives in MXene-based cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2024年第7期31卷 1752-1765页

作者： Aiduo Wu Tianhao Wang Long Zhang Chen Chen Qiaomin Li Xuanhui Qu Yongchang Liu Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of materials science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Economics and Management University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)show great potential for applications in grid-scale energy storage,given their intrinsic safety,cost effectiveness,environmental friendliness,and impressive electrochemical performance.However,strong electrostatic interactions exist between zinc ions and host materials,and they hinder the development of advanced cathode materials for efficient,rapid,and stable Zn-ion storage.MXenes and their derivatives possess a large interlayer spacing,excellent hydrophilicity,outstanding electronic conductivity,and high redox activity.These materials are considered“rising star”cathode candidates for AZIBs.This comprehensive review discusses recent advances in MXenes as AZIB cathodes from the perspectives of crystal structure,Zn-storage mechanism,surface modification,interlayer engineering,and conductive network design to elucidate the correlations among their composition,structure,and electrochemical performance.This work also outlines the remaining challenges faced by MXenes for aqueous Zn-ion storage,such as the urgent need for improved toxic preparation methods,exploration of potential novel MXene cathodes,and suppression of layered MXene restacking upon cycling,and introduces the prospects of MXene-based cathode materials for high-performance AZIBs.

关键词： aqueous zinc-ion batteries MXenes terminal groups interlayer engineering conductive network design

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Thermogalvanic hydrogel-based e-skin for self-powered on-body dual-modal temperature and strain sensing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 293-302页

作者： Zhaosu Wang Ning Li Xinru Yang Zhiyi Zhang Hulin Zhang Xiaojing Cui college of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China college of materials science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China School of Physics and Information Engineering Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan030031China

Sensing of both temperature and strain is crucial for various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.Here,we present a novel hydrogel-based electronic skin(e-skin)capable of dual-mode sensing of temperature and strain.The thermocouple ion selected for this study is the iodine/triiodide(I−/I3−)redox couple,which is a common component in everyday disinfectants.By leveraging the thermoelectric conversion in conjunction with the inherent piezoresistive effect of a gel electrolyte,self-powered sensing is achieved by utilizing the temperature difference between the human body and the external environment.The composite hydrogels synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)monomers using a simple freeze‒thaw method exhibit remarkable flexibility,extensibility,and adaptability to human tissue.The incorporation of zwitterions further augments the resistance of the hydrogel to dehydration and low temperatures,allowing maintenance of more than 90%of its weight after 48 h in the air.Given its robust thermal current response,the hydrogel was encapsulated and then integrated onto various areas of the human body,including the cheeks,fingers,and elbows.Furthermore,the detection of the head-down state and the monitoring of foot movements demonstrate the promising application of the hydrogel in supervising the neck posture of sedentary office workers and the activity status.The successful demonstration of self-powered on-body temperature and strain sensing opens up new possibilities for wearable intelligent electronics and robotics.

关键词： hydrogel modal utilizing

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Attaining synergetic equilibrium of electrical conductivity and tensile strength in GQDs@GN/Cu composites through multi-scale intragranular and intergranular reinforcements

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 366-379页

作者： Shuang-Yin Zhang Liang Liu Rui Bao Jian-Hong Yi Sheng-Da Guo Faculty of materials science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Key Laboratory of Advanced materials of Yunnan Province Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Faculty of materials Metallurgy and Chemistry Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China

The configuration and quality of reinforcements, as well as the robustness of interfacial bonding,holding a critical significance in determining the concurrence between electrical conductivity and mechanical strength in metal matrix composites. In this study, citric acid was employed as the precursor for synthesizing multiscale carbon nanomaterials(graphene quantum dots and graphene, abbreviated as GQDs and GN). The GQDs@GN/Cu composites were fabricated through a segmented ball milling process in conjunction with subsequent spark plasma sintering(SPS). The intragranular GQDs and intergranular GQDs@GN had synergistically reinforced Cu composites through Orowan strengthening, load transfer strengthening and refinement strengthening. Furthermore,the robust interface bonding between GQDs@GN and Cu effectively mitigated interfacial impedance stemming from electron-boundary scattering. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the GQDs@GN/Cu composites were recorded as 270 and 314 MPa, respectively, representing an improvement of 92 and 28% over pure Cu, while maintaining electrical conductivity at a level comparable to that of pure Cu. This study advances the understanding of the possibility of realizing a synergistic compatibility between electrical conductivity and mechanical strength in Cu composites.

关键词： Cu matrix composites Interface bonding Mechanical property Graphene quantum dots(GQDs) Electrical conductivity

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An underwater vest containing an antioxidant MXene hydrogel for sensitive recognition of fish locomotion

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 115-131页

作者： Chengxiu Yang Jiafei Hu Lihui Liu Shaowei Wu Mengchun Pan Yan Liu Haomiao Wang Peisen Li Qi Zhang Weicheng Qiu Huihui Luo college of Intelligence science and technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China

The perception of fish locomotion is important for understanding their adaptive behaviors and ethological characteristics.However,the main strategy used for extracting fish attitudes involves the use of a vision-based monitoring system,which is limited in its range of observation and cannot perform tracking for long times.Here,we report the use of a wearable tagging electronic device,referred to as an underwater vest,to capture the surrounding flow field disturbances triggered by swimming or momentary postural changes.All of these goals were achieved by integrating a pair of pseudocapacitive pressure-sensing units and a flexible circuit board.Notably,additional conditions,such as variable hydraulic pressures and minimal changes in fish posture,require high stability and sensitivity of the sensing units.Thus,hybrid hydrogel electrodes were developed through cross-linking MXene with holey-reduced graphene oxide nanosheets and further modification with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ionic liquids,which increased the interfacial capacitance and long-term interfacial activity of the MXene.Consequently,the sensing unit exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity(S_(max)~136,207 kPa^(−1))in an aquatic environment for 60 days and superior high-pressure resolution(10 Pa)within a wide working range of 1 MPa.Ultimately,an underwater vest integrated with such sensing units clearly distinguished and recorded fish locomotion.We believe that the designed device may open avenues in flow field monitoring and ocean current detection and provide new insights into the development of sensitive underwater tagging.

关键词： underwater fish linking

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