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Epidemiology and prognostic nomogram for locally advanced gastric signet ring cell carcinoma:A population-based study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2610-2630页

作者： Ze-Hao Yu Lei-Ming Zhang Zhi-Qi Dai Meng-Na Zhang Si-Ming Zheng health science Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315000Zhejiang ProvinceChina health science Center Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211Zhejiang ProvinceChina college of Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma(GSRC)represents a specific subtype of gastric cancer renowned for its contentious epidemiological features,treatment principles,and prognostic *** To investigate the epidemiology of GSRC and establish an improved model for predicting the prognosis of patients with locally advanced GSRC(LAGSRC)after *** The annual rates of GSRC incidence and mortality,covering the years 1975 to 2019,were extracted from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database to explore the temporal trends in both disease incidence and mortality rates using Joinpoint *** clinical data of 3793 postoperative LAGSRC patients were collected from the SEER database for the analysis of survival *** Cox regression model was used to explore the independent prognostic factors for overall survival(OS).The risk factors extracted were used to establish a prognostic *** The overall incidence of GSRC increased dramatically between 1975 and 1998,followed by a significant downward trend in incidence after *** recent years,there has been a similarly optimistic trend in GSRC mortality *** trend in GSRC showed discrepancies based on age and *** operating characteristic curves,calibration curves,and decision curve analysis for 1-year,3-year,and 5-year OS demonstrated the high discriminative ability and clinical utility of this *** area under the curve indicated that the performance of the new model outperformed that of the pathological staging *** The model we established can aid clinicians in the early prognostication of LAGSRC patients,resulting in improved clinical outcomes by modifying management strategies and patient health care.

关键词： Signet ring cell carcinoma Locally advanced gastric cancer Adjuvant chemotherapy Nomogram Epidemiology Overall survival

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Animal models of eosinophilic esophagitis,review and perspectives

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期7卷 127-135页

作者： Dong Li Yujia Wei Jing Wang Bo Wang Department of Dermatology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College Tongji HospitalWuhanChina health Management Center Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College Tongji HospitalWuhanChina Department of Gastroenterology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College Tongji HospitalWuhanChina

Eosinophilic oesophagitis(EoE)is an allergen/immune-mediated chronic esophageal disease characterized by esophageal mucosal eosinophilic infiltration and esophageal *** the disease was originally attributed to a delayed allergic reaction to allergens and a Th2-type immune response,the exact pathogenesis is complex,and the efficacy of existing treatments is ***,the study of the pathophysiological process of EOE has received increasing *** models have been used extensively to study the molecular mechanism of EOE pathogenesis and also provide a preclinical platform for human clinical intervention studies of novel therapeutic *** maximize the use of existing animal models of EOE,it is important to understand the advantages or limitations of each modeling *** paper systematically describes the selection of experimental animals,types of allergens,and methods of sensitization and excitation during the preparation of animal models of *** also discusses the utility and shortcomings of each model with the aim of providing the latest perspectives on EoE models and leading to better choices of animal models.

关键词： anaphylaxis disease models animal eosinophilic esophagitis methods

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Contemporary Study for Detection of COVID-19 Using Machine Learning with Explainable AI

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1075-1104页

作者： Saad Akbar Humera Azam Sulaiman Sulmi Almutairi Omar Alqahtani Habib Shah Aliya Aleryani Department of Computer science University of KarachiKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Computing Faculty of Engineering Science and TechnologyHamdard UniversityKarachi75540Pakistan Department of health Informatics College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityQassim51452Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

The prompt spread of COVID-19 has emphasized the necessity for effective and precise diagnostic *** this article,a hybrid approach in terms of datasets as well as the methodology by utilizing a previously unexplored dataset obtained from a private hospital for detecting COVID-19,pneumonia,and normal conditions in chest X-ray images(CXIs)is proposed coupled with Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI).Our study leverages less preprocessing with pre-trained cutting-edge models like InceptionV3,VGG16,and VGG19 that excel in the task of feature *** methodology is further enhanced by the inclusion of the t-SNE(t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding)technique for visualizing the extracted image features and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization(CLAHE)to improve images before extraction of ***,an AttentionMechanism is utilized,which helps clarify how the modelmakes decisions,which builds trust in artificial intelligence(AI)*** evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach,both benchmark datasets and a private dataset obtained with permissions from Jinnah PostgraduateMedical Center(JPMC)in Karachi,Pakistan,are *** 12 experiments,VGG19 showcased remarkable performance in the hybrid dataset approach,achieving 100%accuracy in COVID-19 *** classification and 97%in distinguishing normal ***,across all classes,the approach achieved 98%accuracy,demonstrating its efficiency in detecting COVID-19 and differentiating it fromother chest disorders(Pneumonia and healthy)while also providing insights into the decision-making process of the models.

关键词： COVID-19 detection deep neural networks support vector machine CXIs InceptionV3 VGG16 VGG19 t-SNE embedding CLAHE attention mechanism XAI

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Recent advances in electrochemical performance of Mg-based electrochemical energy storage materials in supercapacitors:Enhancement and mechanism

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 35-58页

作者： Yuntao Xiao Xinfang Zhang Can Wang Jinsong Rao Yuxin Zhang college of Materials science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The application of Mg-based electrochemical energy storage materials in high performance supercapacitors is an essential step to promote the exploitation and utilization of magnesium resources in the field of energy ***,the inherent chemical properties of magnesium lead to poor cycling stability and electrochemical reactivity,which seriously limit the application of Mg-based materials in ***,in this review,more than 70 research papers published in recent 10 years were collected and *** representative research works were selected,and the results of various regulative strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of Mg-based materials were *** effects of various regulative strategies(such as constructing nanostructures,synthesizing composites,defect engineering,and binder-free synthesis,etc.)on the electrochemical performance and their mechanism are demonstrated using spinelstructured MgX_(2)O_(4) and layered structured Mg-X-LDHs as *** addition,the application of magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide in electrode materials,MXene's solid spacers and hard templates are ***,the challenges and outlooks of Mg-based electrochemical energy storage materials in high performance supercapacitors are also discussed.

关键词： Supercapacitor Electrochemical energy storage Mg-based materials

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Laser-rewritable room temperature phosphorescence based on in-situ polymerized tartaric acid

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science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 3029-3038页

作者： Tuo-Yu Zhou Tai-Wen Li Hai-Fu Zhang Rui-Lin Chai Qian Zhao Penglin Zhang Guang-Yue Li Qian-Wen Wang Chang Li Yu Shu Zhi Fan Sheng-Hua Li college of Chemical Engineering and Materials science College of SciencesTianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China college of Chemical Engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Multiplexed Identification for Port Hazardous Chemicals Tianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China

Organic room temperature phosphorescence(RTP)materials have potential applications in information technology and ***,the precise control of the afterglow in reversible manners remains challenging for organic ***,we report a kind of organic RTP material fabricated by simple heating mixtures of tartaric acid(TA)and aromatic acids,which can switch their phosphorescence by *** mixtures show tunable phosphorescence from indigo to orange with phosphorescence efficiency of up to 53.99% due to locking different organic luminogens by the TA-formed matrix through the noncovalent *** afterglow of those materials lasts a few seconds and disappears by water fumigation,which can be repeated in response to wet/heat *** drop-casting those materials on glass slides,a laser-repatternable phosphorescence is achieved by facile laser direct writing and quenched by water *** results open the opportunity for the design of smart stimuli-responsive phosphorescence materials from sustainable natural products.

关键词： room temperature phosphorescence tunable afterglows tartaric acid laser direct writing stimuli-response

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Formation adaptation in obstacle-cluttered environments via MPC-based trajectory planning

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 321-323页

作者： Yuda CHEN Zhongkui LI Department of Mechanics and Engineering science College of Engineering Peking University

Formation is a typical collective behavior in multiagent systems utilized in areas such as inspection, surveillance, and transportation. Commonly-used approaches to achieve formation include virtual structure [1], con...

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DCVAE-adv:A Universal Adversarial Example Generation Method for White and Black Box Attacks

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 430-446页

作者： Lei Xu Junhai Zhai college of Mathematics and Information science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

Deep neural network(DNN)has strong representation learning ability,but it is vulnerable and easy to be fooled by adversarial *** order to handle the vulnerability of DNN,many methods have been *** general idea of existing methods is to reduce the chance of DNN models being fooled by observing some designed adversarial examples,which are generated by adding perturbations to the original *** this paper,we propose a novel adversarial example generation method,called *** from the existing methods,DCVAE-adv constructs adversarial examples by mixing both explicit and implicit perturbations without using original ***,the proposed method can be applied to both white box and black box *** addition,in the inference stage,the adversarial examples can be generated without loading the original images into memory,which greatly reduces the memory *** compared DCVAE-adv with three most advanced adversarial attack algorithms:FGSM,AdvGAN,and AdvGAN++.The experimental results demonstrate that DCVAE-adv is superior to these state-of-the-art methods in terms of attack success rate and transfer ability for targeted *** code is available at https://***/xzforeverlove/DCVAE-adv.

关键词： deep neural network adversarial examples white box attack black box attack robustness

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Dietary sodium acetate and sodium butyrate attenuate intestinal damage and improve lipid metabolism in juvenile largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides) fed a high carbohydrate diet by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第01期16卷 443-456页

作者： Liulan Zhao Liangshun Cheng Yifang Hu Xiaohui Li Yihui Yang Jin Mu Lianfeng Shen Guojun Hu Kuo He Haoxiao Yan Qiao Liu Song Yang college of Animal science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural University

High-carbohydrate(HC) diets decrease the intestinal levels of sodium acetate(SA) and sodium butyrate(SB) and impair the gut health of largemouth bass; however, SA and SB have been shown to enhance immunity and improve intestinal health in farmed animals. Thus, the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary SA and SB on HC diet-induced intestinal injury and the potential mechanisms in juvenile largemouth bass. The experiment set five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, including a lowcarbohydrate diet(9% starch)(LC), a high carbohydrate diet(18% starch)(HC), and the HC diet supplemented with 2 g/kg SA(HCSA), 2 g/kg SB(HCSB) or a combination of 1 g/kg SA and 1 g/kg SB(HCSASB).The feeding experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. A total of 525 juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00 ± 0.20 g were used. The results showed that dietary SA and SB improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate (P<0.05) and ameliorated serum parameters(alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase)(P<0.05). And, importantly, dietary SA and SB repaired the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-7(P<0.05), reduced HC-induced intestinal damage, and alleviated intestinal inflammation and cell apoptosis by attenuating HC-induced intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress(P<0.05). Further results revealed that dietary SA and SB reduced HC-induced intestinal fat deposition by inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis(P<0.05). In summary, this study demonstrated that dietary SA and SB attenuated HC-induced intestinal damage and reduced excessive intestinal fat deposition in largemouth bass.

关键词： Sodium acetate Sodium butyrate High carbohydrate diet Endoplasmic reticulum stress Intestine health Lipid metabolism

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Perovskite quantum laser with enhanced population inversion driven by plasmon-induced hot electron transfer under potential shift polarization conditions

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 986-994页

作者： YONG PAN LIJIE WU YUAN ZHANG YIHAO ZHANG JIE XU HAIXIA XIE JIANGUO CAO college of science Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China

The hot electron transfer resulting in fluorescence enhancement is significantly meaningful for theory and experiment of the study on photoelectric ***,the laser emission based on direct hot electron transfer is difficult to realize because of the low transfer *** achieve a laser with a new-generation mechanism based on hot electron transfer,the photoelectric co-excitation is proposed for improving the efficiency of hot electron *** lasing behavior at 532 nm is realized with a threshold of 5 kw cm^(-2)and 1μA,which can be considered as the hot electron transfer resulting in population inversion ***,the lasing output power is 0.3 *** hot electrons transfer process was described via the transient absorption spectrum according to the improved ground-state bleaching and excited-state absorption signal in device *** comparison with the optical pump only,the quantum efficiencies of hot electron generation(HEG)and hot electron transfer(HET)were increased~31%and 31%,*** importantly,a triple gain mode coupling device including local surface plasmon,hot electron transfer,and array oscillation was *** modes of population inversion enhancement are *** study can provide theoretical and experimental reference for the research of hot electron lasers and devices.

关键词： polarization pump transfer

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Fluid-structure interaction simulation of dynamic response and wake of floating offshore wind turbine considering tower shadow effect

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第8期40卷 67-84页

作者： Songyang Liu Zhiqiang Xin Lei Wang Zhiming Cai college of Mechanics and Engineering science HoHai UniversityNanjing211100China

The comprehensive numerical simulation of the tower shadow effect on floating offshore wind turbines(FOWTs),an area less explored compared to fixed-bottom wind turbines,is presented in this *** atmospheric boundary layer inflow and the joint north sea wave project random wave are used as the operating conditions for *** combination of computational fluid dynamics(CFD)software simulator for wind farm applications and turbine simulation tool OpenFAST is used to implement fluid-structure interaction *** output power,platform motion,wake velocity deficit and vortex structures are analyzed to reveal the influence of the tower shadow effect on the *** results indicate that due to the fluctuation caused by the turbulent wind and the floating platform motion,the tower shadow effect of FOWT is less significant for its periodic power decay than that of fixed-bottom wind *** according to the velocity deficit analysis,the influence area of the tower shadow effect on the wake is mainly in the near wake region.

关键词： Floating offshore wind turbine Tower shadow effect Atmospheric boundary layer inflow JONSWAP wave Wind turbine wake

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