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Physiological Responses of Clam(Ruditapes philippinarum)to Transport Modes with Different Temperatures

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Journal of Ocean university of china 2023年第2期22卷 517-526页

作者： BI Shijie XUE Changhu XU Lili WEN Yunqi WANG Lihao LI Zhaojie LIU Hongying college of food science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China college of food science and engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Ocean college of Hebei agricultural university Qinhuangdao 066000China

Given the increased circulation time after fishing,a series of changes take place in live clams,leading to a deterioration in quality even after ***,in this study,we aimed to explore the optimal mode of transportation of *** container for holding clams was reformed,and a water circulation temperature control system was *** physiological responses of clams during anhydrous and watery transportation at two temperatures(4 and 15℃)were investigated based on the aforementioned *** comparing the transportation patterns after 3 d of transport,a higher survival rate was observed at 4℃(97%)than at 15℃(63%)in the anhydrous transportation groups and a lower survival rate was observed at 4℃(93%)than at 15℃(99%)in the watery transportation *** addition,the glycogen content,condition index(CI),and adenylate energy charge(A.E.C)value were higher at4℃((40.87±0.99)mg g^(-1),13.71%±0.50%and 57.45%±1.60%)than at 15℃((30.54±0.81)mg g^(-1),9.09%±0.30%and 43.12%±1.65%)in the anhydrous transportation *** the watery transportation groups,a lower glycogen content,CI,and *** were observed at 4℃((33.78±0.84)mg g^(-1),9.78%±0.50%and 64.65%±1.25%)than at 15℃((41.53±0.93)mg g^(-1),12.72%±0.83%and 71.58%±1.27%).Results from this study show that anhydrous transportation(4℃)is the optimal transport condition for clams to maintain a high quality and good physiological ***,this study will be particularly useful for establishing shellfish transportation systems.

关键词： watery transportation anhydrous transportation clam physiological response temperature

Expression and characterization of a codon-optimized butyrylcholinesterase for analysis of organophosphate insecticide residues

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第3期15卷 684-693页

作者： TIAN Jing-jing CHEN Xiang-ning XIE Yuan-hong LU Yong XU Wen-tao XU Li DU Bin college of food science and engineering Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing 102206 P.R. China Beijing food Safety Monitoring Center Beijing 100041 P.R.China college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 P.R. China

Organophosphate insecticide residues on vegetable, fruit, tea and even grains are primary cause of food poisoning. Organophosphate compounds can cause irreversible inhibition of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase（BChE, EC 3.***.1.8）, which are both candidates for rapid detection of organophosphate pesticides. To develop an easy-tohandle method for detecting organophosphate pesticides using BChE, BChE from human was optimized according to the codon usage bias of Pichia pastoris and successfully expressed in P. pastoris GS115. The codon-optimized cDNA shared 37.3% of the codon identity with the native one. However, the amino acid sequence was identical to that of the native human butyrylcholinesterase gene（h BCh E） as published. The ratio of guanine and cytosine in four kinds of bases（（G＋C） ratio） was simultaneously increased from 40 to 47%. The recombinant hBChE expression reached a total protein concentration of 292 mg m L^–1 with an activity of 14.7 U m L^–1, which was purified 3.2×10^3-fold via nickel affinity chromatography with a yield of 68% and a specific activity of 8.1 U mg^–1. Recombinant hBChE was optimally active at pH 7.4 and 50°C and exhibited high activity at a wide pH range（〉60% activity at pH 4.0 to 8.0）. Moreover, it had a good adaptability to high temperature（〉60% activity at both 50 and 60°C up to 60 min） and good stability at 70°C. The enzyme can be activated by Li^＋, Co^＋, Zn^2＋ and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid（EDTA）, but inhibited by Mg^2＋, Mn^2＋, Fe^2＋, Ag^＋ and Ca^2＋. Na^＋ had little effect on its activity. The values of h BChE of the Michaelis constant（Km） and maximum reaction velocity（Vm） were 89.4 mmol L^–1 and 1 721 mmol min^–1 mg^–1, respectively. The bim olecular rate constants（K_i） of the hBChE to four pesticides were similar with that of electric eel AChE（EeAChE） and higher than that of horse BChE（HoBChE）. All vlues of the half maximal inhibitory concentration of a substance（IC50） for hBChE were lower th

关键词： butyrylcholinesterase organophosphate insecticide residues Pichia pastoris expression codon-optimized

Effect of Ethylene on Polygalacturonase,Lipoxygenase and Expansin in Ripening of Tomato Fruits

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Transactions of Tianjin university 2009年第3期15卷 173-177页

作者：薛照辉寇晓虹罗云波朱本忠许文涛 School of Agriculture and Biological engineering Tianjin University Zhongyi Animal and science Technology Ltd. college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural University

Fruit ripening is a complex process and is regulated by many factors. Ethylene and polygalacturonase （PG）, lipoxygenase （LOX）, expansin （EXP） are all critical regulating factors in fruit ripening and softening process. With antisense ACS tomato, Nr mutant tomato and cultivated tomato as materials, Northern blot hybridization showed that PG, LeEXP1 and LOXexpressed differently in different parts of cultivated tomato fruit during ripening, which was related to fruit ripening. The ripening process of columella and radial pericarp was faster than pericarp. In both Nr mutant and antisense ACS transgenic tomato fruit, expression levels ofPG, LeEXPI and LOXwere generally lower than those in cultivated fruit but still related to fruit ripening. The expression levels ofPG, LeEXP1 and LOX increased in the mature green tomato fruits after 0.5 h treatment with ethylene （100 μL/L）. These results indicate that gene expression ofPG, LeEXP1 and LOXwere positively regulated by ethylene. The time and cumulative effect of the concentration exists in the expression of PG regulated by ethylene. The regulation of LOX expression mainly depended on the fruit development after great amount of ethylene was produced. PG played a major role in ripening and softening of tomato fruit, and cooperated with the regulation of EXP and LOX.

关键词： tomato ripening and softening ethylene expansin lipoxygenase polygalacturonase gene expression

Approaches to evaluate nutrition of minerals in food

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food science and Human Wellness 2021年第2期10卷 141-148页

作者： Xuan Wang Yifan He Qian Gao Dong Yang Jianfen Liang college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional food from Plant Resources Beijing 100083 China

Numerous techniques have been developed to determine the bioavailability of *** method has specific detection objects with certain procedures to assure the *** review focuses on a comprehensivecomparison of the applications,advantages,and critical control points of these *** commonly used approaches for assessing mineral bioavailability can be divided into three categories-chemical methods,in vitro models and in vivo *** methods are first developed,and mainly simulating the digestion environment to give a rough prediction of mineral *** vitro models mainly used different cells to simulate the process and environment of food digestion to assess the availability of *** vivo tests are employing complex models to observe the bioavailability of minerals after complicated digestive process in animal models or human *** review summarizes the critical points of establishment of these relevant models,compares the advantages and limitations among three *** no single bioavailability method is ideal for all micronutrients,certain methods under proper operation can indeed be employed to minimize the differences between simulated results and reality for effective evaluation of the bioavailability of minerals.

关键词： Mineral Bioavailability In vivo In vitro

Degradation of Extraction from Seaweed and Its Complex with Rare Earths for Organophosphorous Pesticides

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Journal of Rare Earths 2007年第1期25卷 93-99页

作者：汪东风孙继鹏杜德红孙丽平陈振德薛长湖 college of food science and engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003 China Qingdao Academy of agricultural science Qingdao 266100 China

On the basis of several experiments carried out in china, it was proved that both seaweed liquid fertilizer and rare earth （RE） could promote the growth of crops and increase their yield. The effects of extraction from seaweed and its complex with RE on the degradation of organophosphorous pesticides and the yield of vegetables were investigated. The resuits showed that the extract and its complex with RE could degrade organophosphorous pesticides in neutral solvent. The residues of the pesticides treated by the extract decreased by 96.88 %, 52.30%, 49.52%, and 22.88 %, respectively, for chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, omethoate, and dimethoate, and those by the complex decreased by 95.99%, 54.23%, 48.79%, and 25.66%, respectively, when compared with the control. The residues of chlorpyrifos and dimethoate in spinach sprayed with the complex were decreased by 90.64% and 76.56%, respectively, compared with those in spinach from control plots when the interval between spraying and sampling was 8 d. The fresh weight of brassica chinensis and cabbage increased by 28.62% and 18.72%, and their dry weight increased by 44.49% and 14.74%, respectively, compared with those of the controls. The chlorpyrifos and dimethoate residues in brasscia chinese were decreased by 36.36% and 50.00%, respectively, and their rate of decrease in cabbage was 40.00% and 75.00%, respectively, on 5th day after spraying with the complex, when compared with those in the vegetable from control. These results suggest that this complex can increase the agricultural productivity and reduce the use of pesticide residues in the production of vegetables.

关键词： seaweed extraction organophosphorous pesticides degradation rare earths

Interaction of Egg-Sphingomyelin with DOPC in Langmuir Monolayers

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2012年第6期25卷 691-696,I0004页

作者： Chang-chun Haoa Run-guang Sun Jing Zhang college of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710052 China college of food engineering and nutritional science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062China

Lipid rafts are a dynamic microdomain structure found in recent years, enriched in sphin- golipids, cholesterol and particular proteins. The change of structure and function of lipid rafts could result in many diseases. In this work, the monolayer miscibility behavior of mixed systems of Egg-Sphingomyelin （ESM） with 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine was in- vestigated in terms of mean surface area per molecule and excess molecular area AAex at certain surface pressure, surface pressure and excess surface pressure Arcex at certain mean molecular area. The stability and compressibility of the mixed monolayers was assessed by the parameters of surface excess Gibbs free energy AGex, excess Helmholtz energy AHex and elasticity. Thermodynamic analysis indicates AAex and ATrex in the binary systems with positive deviations from the ideal behavior, suggesting repulsive interaction. The max- imum of AGex and AHex was at the molar fraction of ESM of 0.6, demonstrating the mixed monolayer was more unstable. The repulsive interaction induced phase separation in the monolayer.

关键词： Monolayer Attractive and repulsive interaction Stability Phase separation

Chitin oligosaccharides alleviate atherosclerosis progress in ApoE;mice by regulating lipid metabolism and inhibiting inflammation

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food science and Human Wellness 2022年第4期11卷 999-1009页

作者： Hongmin Zhen Qiaojuan Yan Yihao Liu Yanxiao Li Shaoqing Yang Zhengqiang Jiang Key Laboratory of food Bioengineering(china National Light Industry) College of Food Science&Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for food Nutrition and Human Health College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Atherosclerosis is driven both by hyperlipidemia and inflammation. Chitin oligosaccharides(NACOS) have shown pharmacological effects on multiple diseases via hypolipidemic and/or anti-inflammatory activities. The present study aims to evaluate whether NACOS treatment can prevent atherosclerosis induced by a highfat-diet(HFD) in Apolipoprotein E-knockout(Apo E;) mice. Results showed that 300 and 900 mg/kg b.w./day NACOS supplementation for 14 weeks significantly decreased atherosclerotic lesions up to 45% and 67% in compared with the HFD(P food material for attenuating atherosclerosis development.

关键词： Chitin oligosaccharides Atherosclerosis Lipid metabolism Inflammation Apo E-/-mice

Biochemistry and transcriptome analysis reveal condensed tannins alleviate liver injury induced by regulating cholesterol metabolism pathway

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 909-919页

作者： Xiangxin Li Yijing Pu Bangdi Liu Xiaoming Fang Wenjun Peng Weibo Jiang Wenli Tian Institute of Apicultural Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100093China college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Academy of agricultural Planning and engineering Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China

Free cholesterol has been considered to be a critical risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).It remains unknown whether dietary intake of condensed tannins(CTs)have distinguishable effects to alleviate liver damage caused by a high cholesterol *** C57BL/6 mice were fed a high cholesterol diet for 6 weeks,and given CTs treatment at a dosage of 200 mg/(kg·day)at the same *** results indicated that compared with mice fed a normal diet,a high cholesterol diet group resulted in significant weight loss,dysregulation of lipid metabolism in blood and liver,and oxidative stress in the liver,but CTs treatment dramatically reversed these negative *** and eosin(H&E)staining and frozen section observation manifested that CTs treatment could effectively reduce the deposition of liver cholesterol and tissue necrosis caused by high cholesterol *** alleviated liver injury mainly by regulating the expression of related genes in cholesterol metabolism pathway and AMPK *** results confirmed that CTs have remarkable cholesterol lowering and anti-liver injury effects in vivo.

关键词： Condensed tannins High cholesterol Liver injury Antioxidants Transcriptomic analysis

Efficient production of poly-γ-glutamic acid by Bacillus velezensis via solid-state fermentation and its application

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food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 631-638页

作者： Hong Liu Qiaojuan Yan Yuchuan Wang Yanxiao Li Zhengqiang Jiang Key Laboratory of food Bioengineering(china National Light Industry) College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for food Nutrition and Human Health College of Food Science&Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China

A novel glutamate-dependent poly-γ-glutamic acid(γ-PGA)-producing strain Bacillus velezensis CAU263 isolated from Chinese traditional Douchi was *** efficient method ofγ-PGA production was performed by this strain via solid-state fermentation(SSF)using guar *** maximal yield ofγ-PGA reached 158.5 g/kg dry weight(DW)in 250 mL flasks and 155.1 g/kg DW in shallow tray,*** molecular weight ofγ-PGA was 3.8×106 Da,the ratio of L/D-glutamic acid was 26.1%and 73.9%.Additionally,γ-PGA significantly improved the operating characteristics of wheat dough,the specific volume of bread was increased by 15.8%and the bread hardness was reduced by 44.2%owing to the addition of 0.3 g/kgγ-***,γ-PGA could be produced by Bacillus velezensis CAU263 at high level using guar meal and might have potential application prospect in food industry.

关键词： Bacillus velezensis Poly-γ-glutamic acid Guar meal Solid-state fermentation Bread quality