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Differential impacts of adult trees on offspring and non-offspring recruits in a subtropical forest

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第10期65卷 1905-1913页

作者： Fang Wang Xiangcheng Mi Lei Chen Wubing Xu Walter Durka Nathan GSwenson Daniel JJohnson Samantha JWorthy Jianhua Xue Yan Zhu Bernhard Schmid Yu Liang Keping Ma State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Puschstrasse 404103 LeipzigGermany Department Community ecology Centre for Environmental Research–UFZTheodor-Lieser-Str.4Halle 06120Germany Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre DameNotre DameIndiana 46556USA University of Notre Dame environmental Research Center Land O’LakesWisconsin 54540USA School of Forest Fisheriesand Geomatics SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida32611USA Department of Biology University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Department of Geography Remote Sensing LaboratoriesUniversity of ZürichZürich CH-8006Switzerland Institute of ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100085China

An important mechanism promoting species coexistence is conspecific negative density dependence(CNDD),which inhibits conspecific neighbors by accumulating host-specific enemies near adult trees.Natural enemies may be genotype-specific and regulate offspring dynamics more strongly than non-offspring,which is often neglected due to the difficulty in ascertaining genetic relatedness.Here,we investigated whether offspring and non-offspring of a dominant species,Castanopsis eyrei,suffered from different strength of CNDD based on parentage assignment in a subtropical forest.We found decreased recruitment efficiency(proxy of survival probability)of offspring compared with non-offspring near adult trees during the seedling-sapling transition,suggesting genotype-dependent interactions drive tree demographic dynamics.Furthermore,the genetic similarity between individuals of same cohort decreased in late life history stages,indicating genetic-relatedness-dependent tree mortality throughout ontogeny.Our results demonstrate that within-species genetic relatedness significantly affects the strength of CNDD,implying genotype-specific natural enemies may contribute to population dynamics in natural forests.

关键词： genetic relatedness conspecific negative density dependence Janzen-Connell hypothesis species coexistence forest dynamics plot subtropical forest

A granular adsorbent-supported Fe/Ni nanoparticles activating persulfate system for simultaneous adsorption and degradation of ciprofloxacin

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第4期28卷 1077-1084页

作者： Jiwei Liu Yufeng Du Wuyang Sun Quanchao Chang Changsheng Peng Key Lab of Marine environmental Science and ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China School of environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of environmental and Chemical Engineering Zhaoqing UniversityZhaoqing 526061China

In this work,Fe/Ni nanoparticles were produced through Fe(II)and Ni(II)reduction by NaBH4 and they were stabilized by a kind of prepared granular adsorbent(Fe/Ni@PGA).Fe/Ni@PGA as an environment-friendly activator was used to activate persulfate(PS)for the removal of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution.Fe/Ni@PGA was systematically characterized via Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)method,X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The effects of PS concentration,initial solution pH,Fe/Ni@PGA dosage,initial ciprofloxacin concentration,reaction temperature,anions,and natural organic matters on the removal of ciprofloxacin by Fe/Ni@PGA/PS were analyzed.The removal efficiency of ciprofloxacin by Fe/Ni@PGA/PS was 93.24%under an initial pH of 3.0,PS concentration of 10 mM,Fe/Ni@PGA dosage of 0.1 g,and reaction temperature of 30℃.Fe/Ni@PGA could still exhibit high catalytic activity after nine cycles of regeneration.The removal mechanisms for ciprofloxacin by the Fe/Ni@PGA/PS system were proposed.In summary,the Fe/Ni@PGA/PS system could be applied as a promising technology for ciprofloxacin removal.

关键词： Fe/Ni@PGA Ciprofloxacin Persulfate Sulfate radical Oxidation Adsorption

Dynamics of crystallization and dissolution of calcium orthophosphates at the near-molecular level

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第8期56卷 713-721页

作者： WANG LIJun LU JianWei XU FangSen ZHANG FuSuo college of Resources and environment Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China college of Resources and environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Although extensive investigations of biogenic and geological calcium phosphate crystallization/dissolution and their phase transformations have been performed,the mechanisms of crystallization and dissolution of sparingly soluble calcium phosphates in geological settings have not been completely determined at the near-molecular level.In particular,an understanding of the physical-chemical processes at the earliest nucleation stage and the subsequent crystal surface dynamics in soil solutions is lacking.This review focuses on the earliest events in homo/heterogeneous nucleation from an initial supersaturated solution phase,the subsequent growth of calcium phosphate phases,and the relevant influences of the presence of additional inorganic and organic molecules in both geological and biological settings.These studies have implications for the understanding of the complex processes of calcium phosphate transformations in soils,and provide possible physical-chemical mechanisms for the biogeochemical behavior of phosphorus at the near-molecular level.

关键词：钙磷酸盐分子水平溶解结晶物理化学过程生物环境地球化学行为土壤溶液

First record of Biecheleria cincta (Dinophyceae) from Chinese coasts, with morphological and molecular characterization of the strains

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2013年第4期31卷 835-845页

作者：罗肇河杨维东徐斌顾海峰 college of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Third Institute of Oceanography SOA Institute of Urban environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

The presence of Biecheleria cincta (=Woloszynskia cincta) in the Chinese coasts is reported for the first time. In scanning electron microscope, three to five series of vesicles and an elongated apical vesicle (EAV) were visible in the epicone, and both the hypocone and the cingulum had three series of vesicles each. Thin sections revealed that B. cincta possesses stalked pyrenoids and an unusual eyespot consisting of a stack of cisternae with brick-like materials (type E), thus supporting its transfer from Woloszynskia to Biecheleria. Spiny cysts formed spontaneously in culture, with an encystment rate of around 20%. Both large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequences in 12 strains from the Chinese coasts were determined. Phylogenetic analyses based on LSU rDNA and ITS sequences using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood revealed two distinct ribotypes (referred to as ribotype A and B) in B. cincta. ITS region pairwise distances within B. cincta ranged from 0.024 to 0.072, suggesting the existence of a complex of cryptic species.

关键词：中国海岸分子特性形态学大亚基核糖体DNA ITS序列扫描电子显微镜菌株内转录间隔区

Effects of Allelochemicals on Root Growth and Pod Yield in Response to Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Peanut

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第1期92卷 17-34页

作者： Zhaohui Tang Feng Guo Li Cui Qingkai Li Jialei Zhang Jianguo Wang Sha Yang Jingjing Meng Xinguo Li Ping Liu Shubo Wan Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan250100China Shandong Key Lab of Genetic Improvement Ecology and Physiology of CropsJinan250100China Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Crop Cultivation in East China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsDongying257100China Shandong Agricultural Engineering University Jinan255300China Institute of Agricultural Resources and environment Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan250100China

Continuous cropping(CC)obstacle is a major threat in legume crops production;however,the underlying mechanisms concerning the roles allelochemicals play in CC obstacle are poorly understood.The current 2-year study was conducted to investigate the effects of different kinds and concentrations of allelochemicals,p-hydroxybenzoic acid(H),cinnamic acid(C),phthalic acid(P),and their mixtures(M)on peanut root growth and productivity in response to CC obstacle.Treatment with H,C,P,and M significantly decreased the plant height,dry weight of the leaves and stems,number of branches,and length of the lateral stem compared with control.Exogenous application of H,C,P,and M inhibited the peanut root growth as indicated by the decreased root morphological characters.The allelochemicals also induced the cell membrane oxidation even though the antioxidant enzymes activities were significantly increased in peanut roots.Meanwhile,treatment with H,C,P,and M reduced the contents of total soluble sugar and total soluble protein.Analysis of ATPase activity,nitrate reductase activity,and root system activity revealed that the inhibition effects of allelochemicals on peanut roots might be due to the decrease in activities of ATPase and NR,and the inhibition of root system.Consequently,allelochemicals significantly decreased the pod yield of peanut compared with control.Our results demonstrate that allelochemicals play a dominant role in CC obstacle-induced peanut growth inhibition and yield reduction through damaging the root antioxidant system,unbalancing the osmolytes accumulation,and decreasing the activities of root-related enzymes.

关键词： Peanut continuous cropping obstacle root growth pod yield

Agricultural irrigation requirements under future climate scenarios in China

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第2期7卷 224-237页

作者： Xiu Fang ZHU An Zhou ZHAO Yi Zhan LI Xian Feng LIU State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource ecology Beijing Normal University college of Resources Science and Technology Beijing Normal University

Projecting future water demand, especially in terms of agricultural irrigation demand, as well as identifying high-risk areas and establishing appropriate water demand management has become increasingly important in China. Climate scenarios provide opportunities to predict future irrigation requirements(IRs). We examined changes in IRs and agricultural drought in response to rising greenhouse gas concentrations in China using eight global climate models from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report. In this research, Northeast China, the North China Plain and the Yarlung Tsangpo River Valley area in southeastern Tibet were estimated to receive more precipitation in the future, whereas Southeast and Northwest China, especially the Junggar and Tarim basins in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, will receive less precipitation. IRs will undergo a significant increase in summer(June–August), especially in July, whereas the smallest increase was predicted to occur in autumn(September–November). Middle rice was identified as the greatest contributor to the increase in total IRs. The areas predicted to experience significant increases in IRs include Northwest China(the Tarim and Junggar basins in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, the Hexi Corridor in Gansu province and the Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi province), Southeast China(especially Fujian province), and Southwest China(Yarlung Tsangpo River Valley area in Tibet and the Sichuan Basin).

关键词： agricultural drought water demand agricultural irrigation requirement climate change IPCC scenarios

Dynamic membrane bioreactor performance enhancement by powdered activated carbon addition:Evaluation of sludge morphological,aggregative and microbial properties

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 73-83页

作者： Zhenzhen Yu Yisong Hu Mawuli Dzakpasu Xiaochang C.Wang Huu Hao Ngo Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource Environment and Ecology MOE Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development Key Lab of environmental Engineering Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney

The effects of powdered activated carbon(PAC) addition on sludge morphological, aggregative and microbial properties in a dynamic membrane bioreactor(DMBR) were investigated to explore the enhancement mechanism of pollutants removal and filtration performance. Sludge properties were analyzed through various analytical measurements. The results showed that the improved sludge aggregation ability and the evolution of microbial communities affected sludge morphology in PAC-DMBR, as evidenced by the formation of large, regularly shaped and strengthened sludge flocs. The modifications of sludge characteristics promoted the formation process and filtration flux of the dynamic membrane(DM) layer. Additionally, PAC addition did not exert very significant influence on the propagation of eukaryotes(protists and metazoans)and microbial metabolic activity. High-throughput pyrosequencing results indicated that adding PAC improved the bacterial diversity in activated sludge, as PAC addition brought about additional microenvironment in the form of biological PAC(BPAC), which promoted the enrichment of Acinetobacter(13.9%), Comamonas(2.9%), Flavobacterium(0.31%) and Pseudomonas(0.62%), all contributing to sludge flocs formation and several(such as Acinetobacter) capable of biodegrading relatively complex organics. Therefore, PAC addition could favorably modify sludge properties from various aspects and thus enhance the DMBR performance.

关键词： Dynamic membrane bioreactor Powdered activated carbon Sludge property Filtration performance Wastewater treatment Microbial community

Estimating biomass of phytoplankton in the Jiaozhou Bay I. Phytoplankton biomass estimated from cell volume and plasma volume

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2000年第2期19卷 97-110页

作者： Sun Jun1 Liu Dengyan1 Qian Shuben1 (environmental ecology Department, Marine Life Sciences college of Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China. ) environmental ecology Department Marine Life Sciences College Ocean University of Qingdao Qingdao 266003 China

Based on the data of the Jiaozhou Bay Ecosystem Dynamic Research, cell volume and sur face area of 87 common phytoplankton species in China sea waters were calculated with assignment of the similar geometric form. The cell plasma volume, live weight, Carbon content and nitrogen content were also calculated with the methods of Mullin et al. (1966), Strathmann (1967), Eppley et al. (1970), and Taguchi (1976). After comparing these methods, we chase the method of Eppley et al. (1970) as the hot method for calculating phytoplankton carbon content in China sea waters.

关键词： Phytoplankton cell volume plasma volume biomass carbon content nitrogen content

Geographical Distribution of Phacellaria Benth.(Santalaceae)and its Hosts

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Frontiers in Biology 2006年第1期1卷 5-8页

作者： Li Dongxue Ding Yulong college of Forest Resources and environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

Based on the geographical distribution of the species of Phacellaria and its host plants in the world,we speculated on the possible time,sites,and migration of the origin of Phacellaria.The host plants of Phacellaria mainly belong to Loranthaceae.Plants of Phacellaria and their hosts are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas.The plants of Phacellaria might have originated from a tropical area in the south of China before the Tertiary.Their ancestors were parasitic on the ancestors of some plants of Loranthaceae by chance during the Tertiary.It possibly took them millions of years to form a sturdy relationship with their hosts.

关键词： Phacellaria geographical distribution host plant origin