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Influence of Long-Term Fixed Fertilization on Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

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Pedosphere 2009年第5期19卷 663-672页

作者： WANG Miao-Yan HU Liang-Bin WANG Wei-Hua LIU Shu-Tang LI Min LIU Run-Jin Institute of Mycorrhizal bioteehnology Agronomy and Plant Protection College Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109 (China) college of Food Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang 453003 (China) college of Resources and Environment Qingdao Agricultural Univers-ity Qingda~ 266109 (China)

Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) was investigated in a field that had received long-term fixed ferti-lization(LFF) for 26 *** were a total of 12 treatments in triplicates with different amounts of manure,urea,calcium phosphate,and potassium *** soil samples of maize and wheat grown in the experimental field in Shandong Province,China,were collected in September 2003 and May 2004,*** mycorrhizal fungal spores were isolated and identified using morphological *** colonization percentage,spore density(SD),species richness(SR),relative abundance(RA),and Shannon-Weiner index(SWI) were *** recognized species of AMF belonging to 5 genera were ***-term fixed fertilization significantly influenced colonization percentage,SR,SD,and species diversity of *** adaptability of AMF to soil fertility was different among *** richness and SD of AMF in maize and wheat rhizosphere soils were the highest in the nonferti-lization treatment(control) and lowest in the high manure + high nitrogen treatment(M2N2).The SWI decreased as the fertilization level increased except in the low manure treatment(M1) on *** with the other treatments,Treatment M2N2 significantly reduced SD of Glomus,and the high manure + low nitrogen treatment(M2N1) significantly retarded sporulation of *** treatments stimulated sporulation of Glomus *** density of *** was higher in the high nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium treatment(N2PK) than in the high nitrogen + phosphorus treatment(N2P) and the high nitrogen + potassium treatment(N2K).The SD of *** was higher in Treatment N2K than Treatments N2PK and *** conclusion,long-term fixed fertilization,especially with high levels of manure and N,decreased SR,SD,and colonization and changed the species composition of AMF.

关键词： maize mycorrhizal colonization mycorrhizal sporulation rhizosphere soil wheat

Allelopathic Effects of Eichhornia crassipes on the Growth of Microcystis aeruginosa

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第12期2卷 1400-1406页

作者： Xiaoxia Wu Zhenye Zhang Dingli Chen Junsong Zhang Wenbing Yang Yingen Jin college of Bioscience and bioteehnology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

Algal blooms caused by eutrophication in fresh water are one of the major environmental problems in the world. Using biological methods to control algal growth, especially based on allelopathic inhibitory effects of aquatic macrophytes on phytoplankton growth, have been received world-wide attention. In this study, the allelopathic activity of the invasive macrophyte, Eichhornia crassipes （water hyacinth）, on blue-green algae, Microcystis aeruginosa （PCC7806） was investigated using coexistence assay. Our results showed that water hyacinth had disparate effects on the growth ofM~ aeruginosa （PCC7806） under different initial algal densities. Under lower initial algal density （OD650 = 0.10 and OD650 = 0.05）, the algal growth was significantly inhibited by water hyacinth （inhibition ratio was 95.6% and 97.3%, respectively）. While it was stimulated at higher initial algal densities （OD650 = 0.20）. Water hyacinth inhibited the growth of algae mainly through its root system. Culture water from water hyacinth and aqueous methanol extracts from dry roots samples also showed inhibition effects on algal growth. The inhibition effects increased as the increase of crude extract concentration, suggest that water hyacinth may excrete inhibitory substances from root system and show allelopathic inhibitory potential to the growth ofM. aeruginosa.

关键词： Eichhornia crassipes allelopathic effects water blooms Microcystis aeruginosa.

Characterization of Growth and Light Utilization for Rice Genotypes with Different Tiller Angles

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第11期10卷 1701-1709页

作者： OUYANG You-nan ZENG Fan-rong ZHAN Ling ZHANG Guo-ping Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture and Bioteehnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 P.R.China State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology China National Rice Research institute Hangzhou 310006 P.R. China college of Life and Environment Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310000 P.R.China

Tiller angle is very important for plant architecture and canopy structure in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. Physiological and ecological characteristics of three rice genotypes with different tiller angle habits were compared in the paper. DI508, a genotype with changing tiller angle during the growth, has semi-erect tillers at early tillering stage, similar to genotype M09, and had erect tillers at late stage, similar to genotype 9308. In terms of dry biomass per plant, DI508 was consistently higher than those of M09 and 9308 throughout the growth. It was also a distinct difference of leaf area per plant that DI508 was larger than two others. From booting stage, DI508 and 9308 maintained higher photosynthetic ability of the topmost three leaves, while M09 showed rapid decline in photosynthesis during grain filling. It may be concluded that the genotype DI508 with dynamic tiller angle habit has a comprehensive advantage of fast growth and high weed competition at early stage and slow decline in photosynthesis at late stage.

关键词： growth habit photosynthesis plant type rice (Oryza sativa L.) tiller

Effects of Constant versus Fluctuating Incubation Temperatures on Hatching Success, Incubation Length, and Hatchling Morphology in the Chinese Skink (Plestiodon chinensis)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2017年第4期18卷 262-268页

作者： Wen SHEN Jianchi PEI Longhui LIN Xiang JI School of Sports and Health Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036 Zhejiang China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and bioteehnology College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China School of Life and Environmental Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036 Zhejiang China

We incubated eggs ofPlestiodon chinensis under five constant （24, 26, 28, 30, and 32 ℃） and one fluctuating thermal regimes to examine the effects of constant versus fluctuating incubation temperatures on hatching success, incubation length, and hatchling morphology. The duration of incubation varied considerably among the six temperature treatments, whereas hatching success did not. The mean incubation length decreased as temperature increased in a nonlinear way, and increased as the thermal variance increased. Incubation temperature affected the body size （linear length and mass） and shape of hatchlings, with eggs incubated at 26, 28, and 30 ℃ producing larger and heavier hatchlings than did those incubated at 24 ℃, 32 ℃, or fluctuating temperatures. Our results showed that exposure of P. chinensis eggs to extreme temperatures for brief periods of time did not increase embryonic mortality and, in the fluctuating-temperature treatment, the thermal variance affected hatchling morphology more evidently than the thermal mean. Our results highlight the importance of the thermal variance in affecting embryonic development and hatchling morphology, and add further evidence that temperatures within the range of 26-30 ℃ are optimal for P. chinensis embryos.

关键词： Developmental plasticity egg incubation hatchling phenotype scincid lizard thermal variance thermal mean

Statistical method for mapping QTLs for complex traits based on two backcross populations

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第21期57卷 2645-2654页

作者： ZHU ZhiHong HAYART Yousaf YANG Jian CAO LiYong LOU XiangYang XU HaiMing Agronomy Department College of Agriculture and BioteehnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Mathematics Statistics and Computer ScienceNWFP Agricultural University PeshawarPeshawar 25130Pakistan China National Rice Research Institute National Center for Rice ImprovementState Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyHangzhou 310006China Department of Biostatistics School of Public HealthUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama 35294USA

Most important agronomic and quality traits of crops are quantitative in *** genetic variations in such traits are usually controlled by sets of genes called quantitative trait loci (QTLs),and the interactions between QTLs and the *** is crucial to understand the genetic architecture of complex traits to design efficient strategies for plant *** the present study,a new experimental design and the corresponding statistical method are presented for QTL *** proposed mapping population is composed of double backcross populations derived from backcrossing both homozygous parents to DH (double haploid) or RI (recombinant inbreeding) lines *** an immortal mapping population allows for across-environment replications,and can be used to estimate dominance effects,epistatic effects,and QTL-environment interactions,remedying the drawbacks of a single backcross *** this method,the mixed linear model approach is used to estimate the positions of QTLs and their various effects including the QTL additive,dominance,and epistatic effects,and QTL-environment interaction effects (QE).Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed method and to assess the accuracy and efficiency of its *** results showed that the proposed method could estimate the positions and the genetic effects of QTLs with high efficiency.

关键词：回交群体品质性状基因定位统计方法数量性状位点上位性效应基础相互作用

Nonisothermal Curing Kinetics and Properties of Tetraglycidyl-4, 4＇-Diaminodiphenylmethane/Polyimide

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2011年第1X期1卷 29-36页

作者： Yongfen Xu Jiongxin Zhao Jialin Wu Xinhai Yu college of Chemical Engineering and bioteehnology Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R .China college of Material Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R .China Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers & Polymer Materials Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R .China

Detection and Protein Modelling for Consensus Region of hsp70 Gene Family in Egyptian Arundo donax

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Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第7期8卷 593-602页

作者： Mohamed A. Ezz Mona I. Salah Abdullah I. Ammoura GEBR1 Bioinformatics Department Sadat University P.O. Box 79/22857 Egypt college of bioteehnology Misr University for Scienceand Technology 6th of October City October 12451 Egypt Molecular Genetics Lab College of Biotechnology Misr University for Scienceand Technology 6th of October City October12451 Egypt

Degenerate primers are particularly useful in amplifying homologous genes from different organisms. This paper describes a method for designing degenerate primers for a given multiple alignment of DNA sequences of hsp70 gene family using ClustalW algorithm and detect the consensus region in gene family of hsp70 in a plant species which have not any recorded information about hsp70 gene family in the Genbank of National Centre of Biotechnology Information （NCBI） like Arando donax .The sequenced consensus sequence ofArando donax is considered a gene marker in building the genome map sequence. The BLASTn program is used to find a homology between more than one accession numbers of DNA sequences, （X67711.2） was for Oryza sativa （hsp70）, （AY372071. l） was for Nicotiana tabacum （hsp70） and （L41253.2） was for Lycopersicon esculentum （Hsc70）. In silco PCR module was performed to detect the melting temperatures （Tm） and predicted the PCR product size （783 bp）.The result of designed degenerate primers showed that there was a homology founded among the designed primers and the DNA templates of the recorded sequences （AY372071.1, X67711.2 and L41253.2） with at least 80% identity. The designed degenerate primers were used to isolate a consensus region ofhsp70 gene family ofArando donax at the expected molecular weight （783 bp）. The isolated PCR product, （783 bp） ofArando donax was sequenced and submitted to the Database of Japan （DDBJ） with accession number AB819871. The ORF finder tool translated the accession number AB819871 and gave a selected frame which used to build 3D structure model. In conclusion, this study focused on the importance of designing the degenerate primers to isolate the gene family and predict the 3D structure of gene family depending on the ORF finder tool of Genebank.

关键词： ClustalW tool degenerate PCR different melting temperatures in silico PCR SWISS-MODEL workspace.

Changes of Relevant Indexes of Photosynthetic Pigment and Nitrogen Metabolism in Leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. ‘Huaibai' after TAV-free

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2016年第4期7卷 6-9,15页

作者： Zhao Xiting Liu Ke Zhu Yuting Wang Zhaoyang Zhou Yingyuan Fan Zijian Jiang Liwei Li Mingjun college of Life Science Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Nursing and Utilization of Genuine Chinese Crude Drugs Xinxiang 453007 China Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Crude Drugs bioteehnology Xinxiang 453007 China Nanzhao Development Office of Chinese Crude Drugs Nanyang 474650 China

[ Objective ] The paper was to explore effects of Tomato aspermy virus （TAV） -free on chlorophyll content and nitrogen metabolism of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. ＇Huaibai＇, in order to provide a theoretical basis for field popularization and application of TAV-free ＇ Huai bai＇ plantlets. [ Method] With previously acquired TAV-free test-tube plantlets of ＇ Huaibai＇ as the experimental materials and its ordinary test-tube plantlets as the control （CK）, chlorophyll content and some indexes related to nitrogen metabolism in leaves were determined during subculture. [ Result] During subculture, the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in leaves of CK and TAV-free ＇ Huaibai＇ test-tube plantlets increased with the subculture days. Both realized the largest increase at the 22＇h day of subculture, and their increase amplitudes were 5.24% and 41.69%, respectively. Compared with CK, the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents of TAV-free test-tube plantlets increased at the same time point of subculture, with significant difference （P 〈0.05） or extremely significant difference （P 〈0.01 ）. Further- more, the nitrate reductase （NR） activity, free proline and soluble protein contents of TAV-free ＇ Huaibai＇ were all significantly higher than those of CK, and the highest increase amplitudes were 27.99% （ subculture for 22 d）, 28.10% （ subculture for 22 d） and 5.89% （ subculture for 38 d）, respectively. [ Conclusion] TAV-free could effectively improve chlorophyll content and nitrogen metabolism level of ＇ Huaibai＇ , and was conducive to its growth and development.

关键词： Chrysanthemum murifolium Ramat. ' Huaibai' Tomato aspermy virus Virus-free Chlorophyll content Nitrogen metabolism

Association between Agricultural Production Value and the Use of Rural Area within the Municipalities in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2017年第3期7卷 147-157页

作者： Paulo Andre de Oliveira Sergio Augusto Rodrigues Carlos Roberto Padovani Ricardo Ghantous Cervi Francisco Jose Blasi de Toledo Piza Department of Agribusiness State Center for Technological Education Paula Souza Botucatu Sao Paulo 18606-855 Brazil Department of Bioproeesses and bioteehnology Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo 18610-307 Brazil Department of Biostatistics Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo 18618-689 Brazil Department of Production Engineering Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) ltapeva Sao Paulo 18409-010 Brazil Department of Civil Engineering Sao Paulo Southeast College Avare Sao Paulo 18707-190 Brazil

Rural economic development can differ intensely among municipalities within the same region. The economic activity disparity among them makes public policy actions difficult. It is possible to find highly efficient and globally competitive producers, as well as those producing for subsistence, in the same area. This disparity stands out the total productivity importance of the factors of production in the agricultural sector, especially the productivity of the land. The way the land is occupied in the rural area, namely crops, pastures, reforestation and other areas, can be indicative of the productivity of the land factor and the value of agricultural production. The products that compose the value of the agricultural production present different land occupation through their own productive characteristic. The main objective of this work was to measure the association between the production value of groups of agricultural products and the diversified uses of the rural area in the production of the municipalities in the state of Sao Paulo. In this research, 52 agricultural products produced in 2008 were used, grouped in five production value variables and other nine variables of the land use in production of the municipalities in Sao Paulo. The multivariate statistical technique of canonical correlation was used to measure the association between the product variables group of the production value with the land use group in agricultural activities. It was concluded that there is a strong correlation （94.3%） in the first pair of canonical variables, representing the production value and the land use, allowing groups of municipalities to be formed at different stages of development in agricultural production. It can be verified that 61.8% of the municipalities in the state were below the average in the production group and land use and that only 4.8% were above average for the production variables group and with values below the average in land use. The stages of agri

关键词： Agricultural production value rural area canonical correlation heterogeneity.