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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2018年第12期5卷 54-59页

作者： George P. Paraskevas Vasilios C. Constantinides Elisabeth Kapaki cognitive and movement disorders clinic and neurochemistry unit 1st Department of Neurology National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine Eginition Hospital Athens 11528 Greece

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy (CADASIL), is the most common cause of inherited cerebral small vessel disease, inherited stroke and inherited vascular dementia. It is not infrequent for CADASIL to be mistaken and mistreated for multiple sclerosis (MS). A much less frequent but existing scenario is the co-occurrence of CADASIL and MS (or MS-like inflammatory condition). Such patients may present with spinal cord lesions, brain or spinal cord enhancing lesions, positive oligoclonal bands and high IgG index in the cerebrospinal fluid and good response to corticosteroids or immunomodulating treatments. CADASIL through various mechanisms may trigger or modulate autoimmune reactions, and either be complicated by an inflammatory component or cause an MS-like disorder.

关键词： Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy multiple sclerosis autoimmunity NOTCH3

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for cognitive disorders. An introductory overview

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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2020年第3期7卷 183-193页

作者： George P.Paraskevas Division of cognitive and movement disorders and unit of neurochemistry and Biological Markers 1st Department of NeurologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensSchool of MedicineEginition HospitalAthens 11528Greece

The core(established)cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease(AD),namely amyloid-beta peptide,total tau protein and phospho-tau protein,have become a part of the diagnostic workup of patients with cognitive disorders in many specialized centers,especially for ambiguous ***,these biomarkers can identify the presence or absence of an AD biochemical process with sensitivities and specificities approaching or exceeding 90%in both dementia and pre-dementia stages of ***,they have been incorporated in various sets of research or clinical diagnostic criteria and *** that are atypical,incompatible with AD,or inconclusive may occur,necessitating the use of other cerebrospinal fluid or imaging biomarkers.

关键词： Cerebrospinal fluid tau phospho-tau amyloid-beta Alzheimer’s disease alpha-synuclein TDP-43 neurofilament light protein

The emerging TDP-43 proteinopathy

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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2018年第5期5卷 4-6页

作者： George P.Paraskevas Mara Bourbouli Ioannis Zaganas Elisabeth Kapaki cognitive and movement disorders clinic and neurochemistry unit 1st Department of NeurologySchool of MedicineNationaland Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens11528Greece Neurology Laboratory of the Department of Neurology School of MedicineUniversity of CreteCrete71003Greece

Currently, neurodegenerative diseases are viewed as proteinopathies. In this context, a specific protein or peptide is involved in the pathogenesis of the disease by missfolding, polymerization, reduced degradation and final accumulation in the form of insoluble inclusions leading to neurodegeneration by various interacting mechanisms[1,2].

关键词： The emerging TDP-43 neurodegenerative diseases

Imaging biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease and Parkinsonian syndromes:current and emerging concepts

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2017年第1期6卷 67-91页

作者： Usman Saeed Jordana Compagnone Richard I.Aviv Antonio P.Strafella Sandra E.Black Anthony E.Lang Mario Masellis Institute of Medical Science Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada LC Campbell cognitive Neurology Research unit Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoCanada Department of Medical Imaging University of Toronto and Division of NeuroradiologySunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoCanada Research Imaging Centre Centre for Addiction and Mental HealthTorontoCanada Division of Brain Imaging&Behaviour-Systems NeuroscienceToronto Western HospitalTorontoCanada Division of Neurology Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Heart&Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery Sunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoCanada movement disorders Centre Toronto Western HospitalTorontoCanada Edmond J.Safra Program in Parkinson’s Disease University Health NetworkTorontoCanada cognitive&movement disorders clinic Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre2075 Bayview Ave.Room A4-55TorontoOntario M4N 3 M5Canada

Two centuries ago in 1817,James Parkinson provided the first medical description of Parkinson’s disease,later refined by Jean-Martin Charcot in the mid-to-late 19th century to include the atypical parkinsonian variants(also termed,Parkinson-plus syndromes).Today,Parkinson’s disease represents the second most common neurodegenerative disorder with an estimated global prevalence of over 10 ***,atypical parkinsonian syndromes encompass a group of relatively heterogeneous disorders that may share some clinical features with Parkinson’s disease,but are uncommon distinct clinicopathological *** of scientific advancements have vastly improved our understanding of these disorders,including improvements in in vivo imaging for biomarker *** imaging for the visualization of structural and functional brain changes is especially important,as it allows a‘window’into the underlying pathophysiological *** this article,we first present an overview of the cardinal clinical and neuropathological features of,1)synucleinopathies:Parkinson’s disease and other Lewy body spectrum disorders,as well as multiple system atrophy,and 2)tauopathies:progressive supranuclear palsy,and corticobasal degeneration.A comprehensive presentation of wellestablished and emerging imaging biomarkers for each disorder are then *** for the following imaging modalities are reviewed:1)structural magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)using T1,T2,and susceptibilityweighted sequences for volumetric and voxel-based morphometric analyses,as well as MRI derived visual signatures,2)diffusion tensor MRI for the assessment of white matter tract injury and microstructural integrity,3)proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for quantifying proton-containing brain metabolites,4)single photon emission computed tomography for the evaluation of nigrostriatal integrity(as assessed by presynaptic dopamine transporters and postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors),a

关键词： Biomarkers Parkinson’s disease Atypical parkinsonian syndrome MRI PET SPECT Diffusion tensor imaging Molecular imaging Myocardial scintigraphy Transcranial sonography

An open-label pilot study with high-dose thiamine in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第3期11卷 406-407页

作者： Antonio Costantini Roberto Fancellu Department of Neurological Rehabilitation "Villa Immacolata" Clinic unit of Neurology IRCCS San Martino University Hospital IST

Parkinson’s disease（PD）is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder clinically characterized by motor symptoms（bradykinesia,tremor,rigidity,postural instability）and non-motor symptoms（hyposmia,sleep disorders,aut... 详细信息

关键词： label tremor autonomic instability pilot fatigue rigidity progressive paired dopamine

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, working memory and episodic memory processes: insight through transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第3期29卷 381-389页

作者： Michela Balconi Laboratory of cognitive Psychology Department of Psychology Catholic University of Sacred Heart

The ability to recall and recognize facts we experienced in the past is based on a complex mechanism in which several cerebral regions are implicated. Neuroimaging and lesion studies agree in identifying the frontal lobe as a crucial structure for memory processes, and in particular for working memory and episodic memory and their relationships. Furthermore, with the introduction of transcranial magnetic stimulation （TMS） a new way was proposed to investigate the relationships between brain correlates, memory functions and behavior. The aim of this review is to present the main findings that have emerged from experiments which used the TMS technique for memory analysis. They mainly focused on the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in memory process. Furthermore, we present state-of-the-art evidence supporting a possible use of TMS in the clinic. Specifically we focus on the treatment of memory deficits in depression and anxiety disorders.

关键词： transcranial magnetic stimulation dorsolateral prefrontal cortex memory working memory anxiety depression

Early Intervention in the Neurodevelopment of Premature Infants during the First Six Months of Life

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2011年第2期2卷 104-109页

作者： Irma Alvarado-Guerrero Adrián Poblano Erzsebet Marosi María Corsi-Cabrera Gloria A. Otero-Ojeda Interdisciplinary Center for Early Intervention College of High Studies at Iztacala (UNAM) clinic of Sleep disorders National University of Mexico (UNAM) Laboratory of cognitive Neurophysiology National Institute of Rehabilitation (INR)

Objective: Measure the effects of Early Intervention ad modum Katona (EI-K) in high-risk premature infants by means of clinical, neurobehavioral, and neurophysiologic tests. Method: We used the Amiel-Tison neurologic examination, the Bayley Scale of Infant Behavior, and electroencephalography (EEG) recordings at 42 weeks of conceptional age, and after 6 months of treatment EI-K (n = 14) and compared these results with those of a group of infants without early intervention (nEI) (n = 11). Results: We found better performance of infants in EI-K than nEI group after 6 months of treatment in neurologic and behavioral examination measurements, but found no differences in EEG comparisons. Conclusion: Our data suggest significant benefit of the use of EI-K program over n-EI in the neurologic and neurobe-havior examinations of premature infants after 6 months of age.

关键词： Premature High-risk Infants Early Intervention Brain Plasticity

Non Convulsive Status Epilepticus: An Elusive Diagnosis

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2016年第1期6卷 44-49页

作者： Rebeca O. Millan-Guerrero Sara Isais-Millan Department of Neurology Unidad de Investigación HGZ 1 IMSS Mexico City Mexico movement disorders clinic Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia MVS Mexico City Mexico

Absence status is the most common form of non-convulsive status epilepticus and is characterized by confusion with varying degrees of memory loss and cognitive impairment. Patients and Method: Three children were sent to neurological consultation due to behavioral alterations and a prolonged confused state;they were hospitalized and treated with sodium diphenylhydantoinate (DPH) IV at a dose of 10 mg/Kg. Results: The duration of symptoms varied from 6 months to 10 days. All three patients presented with global mental alterations, showing slowness in response and action. The electroencephalogram showed a pattern of slow, generalized stem and poly-stem-wavelengths of 3 - 4 Hz, which were registered for one hour. After the DPH bolus, the attack spontaneously ended in the 3 patients and upon examination all three presented with amnesia of the events occurring during the attack. In the follow-up, two of the patients did not experience further episodes and they showed normal scholastic achievement. The third patient however, after suffering a 6-month status epilepticus, failed the school year and finished his elementary education until the age of 15, experiencing similar difficulties with his secondary education. Discussion: Non-convulsive status epilepticus is more difficult to diagnose mainly because the manifestations are predominantly psychiatric and can be confused with other diseases or with an overdose of anti- convulsive drugs. A prolonged state of mental confusion, with no other explanation, should alert the attending physician to take an electroencephalogram in order to confirm the diagnosis. In our patients, DPH immediately controlled paroxysmal activity. We can therefore conclude that the problem is not in the treatment, but rather in making the correct diagnosis.

关键词： Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus Absence Status Epilepticus Morbidity cognitive Effects

Developmental effects of Malathion exposure on locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior in Wistar rat

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Health 2013年第3期5卷 603-611页

作者： Pacome Kouadio N’Go Fatima-Zahra Azzaoui Ahmed Omar Touhami Ahami Porlo Rigobert Soro Mohamed Najimi Fatiha Chigr unit of clinic and cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Biology and HealthDepartment of BiologyFaculty of SciencesIBN TOFAILUniversityKenitraMorocco Laboratory of Animal Physiology Department of BiologyFaculty of Sciences and TechnologySultan Moulay Slimane UniversityBeni MellalMorocco

Developmental exposure to organophosphate insecticide is well known to induce neurobeha-vioral impairments, at late period. The present study aims to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to Malathion, from in utero to young adult stage, on locomotor skills and anxiety like- behavior among wistar rat. Four groups of female rats, bred with one non-pesticide exposed male, are used. On gestational day 6, three groups receive daily, by intragastric gavage, 3 different doses of Malathion dissolved in corn oil (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight). The control group receives the corn oil only. On postnatal day 21, weaned offsprings are submitted to the similar treatment until adult age. Spontaneous locomotor activity is evaluated using the Open-Field test (OF) and anxiety-like behavior is measured using both Open-Field (OF) test and Elevate Plus-Maze (EPM). Malathion at 300 mg/kg is toxic to pregnant dams, and pups are stillborns. In males, Malathionlevelat 100 and 200 mg/kg induced significant impairment of spontaneous locomotor activities, which is reflected by high decrease of number of squares crossed in OF. In contrast, no discernible changes are observed within females Malathion-treated-group. However, females exposed to both malathion levels develop further anxiety-like response, expressed by significant reductions of exploratory activities in OF and time spent in open arm of EPM. neurochemistry assay shows that cerebellum and neocortex acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity inhibition are significantly increased with neurobehavioral deficits in males, relative to females. Overall, neurobehavioral outcomes of current study reveal that developmental exposure to Malathion induces sex-selective effects with greater changes in females.

关键词： AChE Activity Developmental Neurotoxicity Malathion Neurobehavior Organophosphate Insecticides

Efficacy of Yiqiyangxin Chinese medicine compound combined with cognitive therapy in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorders

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第10期5卷 818-822页

作者： Ting Wang Jing-Yuan Ding Guang-Xing Xu Yu Zeng San-Rong Xiao School of Psychology and cognitive Science East China Normal University East China Sanatorium Department of Management Hainan Medical University

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Yiqiyangxin Chinese medicine compound combined with cognitive therapy on generalized anxiety ***:A total of 202 generalized anxiety disorders patients were randomly allocated to a control condition(Paroxetine combined with cognitive therapy) or a treatment condition(Yiqiyangxin Chinese medicine compound combined with cognitive therapy).Subsequently,scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA), Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and blood routine,urine routine,liver function,renal function,electrocardiogram were detected before treatment,3 months,6 months after treatment and 6 months after medicine withdrawal,***:HAMA and SAS scores were significantly reduced in two groups(P0.05).HAMA and SAS scores were significantly increased in two groups(Pcognitive therapy can significantly reduce the recurrence after medicine withdrawal and is effective on generalized anxiety ***,the incidence of adverse reactions is low. The treatment program is worthy clinic application in the further.

关键词： Yiqiyangxin Chinese medicine Compound cognitive therapy Generalized anxiety disorder