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Numerical Simulation on Production Trials by Using Depressurization for Typical Marine Hydrate reservoirs:Well Type and Formation Dip

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 661-675页

作者： QIN Fanfan SUN Jiaxin GU Yuhang CAO Xinxin MAO Peixiao NING Fulong JIANG Guosheng national center for International research on Deep Earth Drilling and Resource development Faculty of EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

Natural gas hydrate has huge reserves and is widely distributed in marine environment.Its commercial development is of great significance for alleviating the contradiction between energy supply and demand.As an efficient research method,numerical simulation can provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of hydrate development.However,most of the current production models simplify the reservoir as a two-dimensional(2D)horizontal layered model,often ignoring the impact of formation dip angle.To improve the accuracy of production prediction and provide theoretical support for the optimization of production well design,two three-dimensional(3D)geological models with different dip angles based on the geological data from two typical sites are constructed.The vertical well,horizontal well and multilateral wells are deployed in these reservoirs with different permeabilities to perform production trial,and the sensitivity analysis of dip angles is also carried out.The short-term production behaviors in high and low permeability reservoirs with different dip angles are exhibited.The simulation results show that 1)the gas and water production behaviors for different well types in the two typical reservoirs show obviously different variation laws when the short-term depressurization is conducted in the inclined formation;2)the inclined formation will reduce the gas production and increase the water extraction,and the phenomena becomes pronounced as the dip angle increases,particularly in the low-permeability reservoirs;3)and the impact of formation dip on hydrate recovery does not change significantly with the variation of well type.

关键词： natural gas hydrate inclined formation depressurization production well type

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Jet Characteristics and Optimization of a Cavitation Nozzle for Hydraulic Fracturing Applications

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第1期20卷 179-192页

作者： Yu Gao Zhenqiang Xu Kaixiang Shen Shenzhen South China Sea Oil Economic development Co. Ltd.Shenzhen518000China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyGuangzhou511458China national engineering research center of Gas Hydrate Exploration and development Guangzhou511458China

Hydraulic jetting is a form of fracturing that involves using a high-pressure jet of water to create fractures in the reservoir rock with a nozzle serving as the central component of the hydraulic sandblasting perforation tool.In this study,the flow behavior of the nozzle is simulated numerically in the framework of a SST k-ωturbulence model.The results show that the nozzle structure can significantly influence the jet performance and related cavitation effect.Through orthogonal experiments,the nozzle geometric parameters are optimized,and the following configuration is found accordingly:contraction angle 20°,contraction segment length 6 mm,cylindrical segment diameter 6 mm,cylindrical segment length 12 mm,spread segment length 10 mm,and spread angle 55°.

关键词： Cavitation jet angle nozzle hydraulic characteristics nozzle parameters

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Genesis and Accumulation of Paleo-Oil reservoir in Dabei Area,Kuqa Depression,Northwest China:Implications for Tight-Gas Accumulation

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 655-665页

作者： Fujie Jiang Xiao Chen Pengwei Wang Xinghe Shao Haijun Yang State Energy center for Shale Oil research and development Beijing102206China national Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and engineering Beijing102249China College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China CNOOC International Ltd. Beijing100027China research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Production SINOPECBeijing100083China research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development Tarim OilfieldPetroChinaKorla841000China

Paleo-oil reservoir is of great importance to understand hydrocarbon enrichment mechanism and hydrocarbon exploration potential,but is yet poorly investigated in Kuqa Depression.The occurrence of the paleo-oil reservoir in Dabei area was proved by quantitative grain fluorescence(QGF)and fluid inclusion petrography.development history of the paleo-oil reservoir was reconstructed through:(1)oil-source correlation;(2)time coupling of source rock maturation,porosity evolution and migration pathways.The impact of paleo-oil reservoir on tight-gas accumulation was consequently discussed.Results suggest that considerable oil was accumulated in the K_(1)bs reservoir with paleo oil-water contact in Dabei 2 Well and Dabei 201 Well at 5800 and 6040 m,respectively.Crude oil was primarily sourced from Triassic source rocks with Jurassic source rocks of secondary importance,which was at oil generation window(0.7%–1.1%Ro)during 9–6 and 7.5–5 Ma,respectively.The occurrence of K_(1)bs tight reservoir(porosityreservoir in Dabei 1 gas field was destroyed by the evaporation fractionation in later stage.

关键词： Paleo-oil reservoir Dabei area Kuqa Depression Northwest China petroleum geology

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Implications for fault reactivation and seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1081-1098页

作者： Zi-Han Sun Ming-Guang Che Li-Hong Zhu Shu-Juan Zhang Ji-Yuan Lu Chang-Yu Jin Key laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines School of Resources and Civil Engineering and Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Deep Engineering and Intelligent TechnologyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&development PetroChina Company LimitedBeijing100084China The Exploration and development research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Limited Company Daqing163458HeilongjiangChina

Evaluating the physical mechanisms that link hydraulic fracturing(HF) operations to induced earthquakes and the anticipated form of the resulting events is significant in informing subsurface fluid injection operations. Current understanding supports the overriding role of the effective stress magnitude in triggering earthquakes, while the impact of change rate of effective stress has not been systematically addressed. In this work, a modified critical stiffness was brought up to investigate the likelihood, impact,and mitigation of induced seismicity during and after hydraulic fracturing by developing a poroelastic model based on rate-and-state fraction law and linear stability analysis. In the new criterion, the change rate of effective stress was considered a key variable to explore the evolution of this criterion and hence the likelihood of instability slip of fault. A coupled fluid flow-deformation model was used to represent the entire hydraulic fracturing process in COMSOL Multiphysics. The possibility of triggering an earthquake throughout the entire hydraulic fracturing process, from fracturing to cessation, was investigated considering different fault locations, orientations, and positions along the fault. The competition between the effects of the magnitude and change rate of effective stress was notable at each fracturing stage. The effective stress magnitude is a significant controlling factor during fracturing events, with the change rate dominating when fracturing is suddenly started or stopped. Instability dominates when the magnitude of the effective stress increases(constant injection at each fracturing stage) and the change rate of effective stress decreases(the injection process is suddenly stopped). Fracturing with a high injection rate, a fault adjacent to the hydraulic fracturing location and the position of the junction between the reservoir and fault are important to reduce the Coulomb failure stress(CFS) and enhance the critical stiffness as the significant disturbance of stresses at thes

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing Coulomb failure stress Rate-and-state fraction model Linear stability analysis Critical stiffness Seismically induced fault

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Impact pressure of waves generated by landslides on bank slopes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 918-931页

作者： CAO Ting WANG Pingyi QIU Zhenfeng LIU Jie Key laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway engineering of Ministry of Education Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China engineering research center of Diagnosis Technology and Instruments of Hydro-Construction Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China

Impulse waves that are generated by landslides in narrow reservoir areas threaten the stability of buildings and bank slopes.To discuss the action process and evolution law of the wave pressure on bank slopes,a three-dimensional physical model test that considers impulse waves generated by landslides was performed,and factors including landslide width,thickness,slope angles of the sliding surface,and bank slope angle were considered.Based on wave forms on the bank slopes,wave pressure curve characteristics,and peak value,the action process of wave pressure could be divided into the following stages:maximum pulsating pressure stage,wave impact stage(when waves break),and stationary pulsation stage.It was found that wave breaking is dependent on the value of the surf similarity parameterξ.The distribution pattern of impact pressure decays linearly on both sides of the maximum impact pressure point,and the attenuation degree decreases when it attains 40%of the maximum value.Thus,it is proposed that the prediction formula for the maximum effective impact pressure of the bank slope be related to the reciprocal of wave steepness,relative water depth,and slope rate.The prediction formula provides strong theoretical support for early safety warning and for predicting the bank slope under impulse waves generated by landslides.

关键词： Model test Impact pressure Action stage Breaking discrimination Distribution model

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Energy Harvesting in the Wake of An Inverted C-Shaped Bluff Body

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China Ocean engineering 2024年第1期38卷 68-80页

作者： WANG Jun-lei LI Shen-fang Md.Mahbub ALAM ZHU Hong-jun HU Guo-biao School of Mechanical and Power engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China center for Turbulence Control Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China State Key laboratory of Oil and Gas reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Internet of Things Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511400China

This paper proposes a novel wake-induced vibration(WIV)-based energy harvesting system consisting of two bluff bodies.An inverted C-shaped bluff body is stationary installed at the upstream position to generate an interference wake street,and a cylinder bluff body equipped with a transducer is elastically suspended at the downstream position to harness WIV energy.The hydrodynamics and energy harvesting(EH)performance of the proposed system are investigated via experimental studies.The reduced velocity(U*)ranging from 2 to 14(the corresponding Reynolds number ranging from 15100 to 106200)is considered in the present study.It is found that the wake generated by the inverted C-shaped bluff body significantly affects the EH performance.Enlarging the opening angle(α)of the C-shaped bluff body increases the vibration amplitude of the downstream cylinder,thereby increasing the harvested power.When the spacing(L)between two bluff bodies is two times the cylinder diameter(D),the wake-induced vibration(WIV)mode is observed,while the combined WIV and wake galloping(WG)mode occurs whenαis 150°,and L equals 3D or 4D.The average drag coefficient becomes negative when L is 2D,3D,or 4D.By carefully configuring a C-shaped bluff body,the wake generated by it can bring an augmenting effect on the vibration of the downstream EH cylinder.For example,the RMS power output of the proposed EH system reaches a maximum of 0.31 W at U*=8 and L=4D,which is 300%greater than that of its traditional counterpart.Furthermore,after a number of case stud-ies,it is identified that the proposed EH system can achieve the best performance whenαis 150°and L=2D.

关键词： wake-induced vibration vortex-induced vibration galloping energy harvesting bluff body

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Evaluation of infill well pattern based on the dynamic change of reservoirs during coalbed methane development

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第3期17卷 646-660页

作者： Qian ZHANG Shuheng TANGI Songhang ZHANG Xinlu YAN Kaifeng WANG Tengfei JIA Zhizhen WANG School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China coal reservoir laboratory of national engineering research center of cbm development&utilization Beijing 100083China Beijing Key laboratory of Unconventional Natural Gas Geological Evaluation and development engineering Beijing 100083China College of Mining Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

With the deepening of coalbed methane(cbm)exploration and development,the problem of low gas production has gradually become one of the main factors restricting the development of the cbm industry in China.Reasonable well pattern deployment can improve the productivity of cbm wells and reduce the cost of production,while the reservoir changes of cbm wells play a important role for well pattern infilling.In this study,the dynamic characteristics of the average reservoir pressure(ARP),permeability,and drainage radius during the development process of cbm wells are systematically analyzed,and predicted the production changes of well groups before and after infilling wells in combination with the characteristics of reservoir changes.The results show that the high gas production wells have a larger pressure drop,long drainage radius,and a large increase in permeability.On the contrary,low gas production wells are characterized by small drainage radius,damaged permeability and difficult to recover.The productivity of infilled horizontal wells is predicted for two well groups with different productivity and reservoir dynamic characteristics.After infilling wells,the production of current wells has increased at different degrees.It is predicted that the average gas production of low gas production well group H1 and middle gas production well group H2 will increase 1.64 and 2.09 times respectively after 3000 days production simulation.In addition,the pressure interference between wells has increased significantly,and the overall gas production of the well group has greatly increased.Infill wells can achieve better development results in areas with superior cbm resources,recoverable reservoir permeability,and small drainage radius during the early production process.The research results provide a reference for the later infill adjustment of cbm well patterns in the study area.

关键词： well pattern optimization reservoir dynamic variation infill well deployment coalbed methane Qinshui Basin

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Ecology and risks of the global plastisphere as a newly expanding microbial habitat

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 49-58页

作者： Changchao Li Michael RGillings Chao Zhang Qinglin Chen Dong Zhu Jie Wang Kankan Zhao Qicheng Xu Polly Hangmei Leung Xiangdong Li Jian Liu Ling Jin Department of Civil and Environmental engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Environment research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China State Key laboratory of Marine Pollution City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology Faculty of Science and EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia Key laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Beijing Key laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation center for Solid Organic Waste Resource utilization Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Health Technology and Informatics and research Institute for Future Food The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Southern Marine Science and engineering Guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China

Plastic offers a new niche for microorganisms,the plastisphere.The everincreasing emission of plastic waste makes it critical to understand the microbial ecology of the plastisphere and associated effects.Here,we present a global fingerprint of the plastisphere,analyzing samples collected from freshwater,seawater,and terrestrial ecosystems.The plastisphere assembles a distinct microbial community that has a clearly higher heterogeneity and a more deterministically dominated assembly compared to natural habitats.New coexistence patterns—loose and fragile networks with mostly specialist linkages among microorganisms that are rarely found in natural habitats—are seen in the plastisphere.Plastisphere microbiomes generally have a great potential to metabolize organic compounds,which could accelerate carbon turnover.Microorganisms involved in the nitrogen cycle are also altered in the plastisphere,especially in freshwater plastispheres,where a high abundance of denitrifiers may increase the release of nitrite(aquatic toxicant)and nitrous oxide(greenhouse gas).Enrichment of animal,plant,and human pathogens means that the plastisphere could become an increasingly mobile reservoir of harmful microorganisms.Our findings highlight that if the trajectory of plastic emissions is not reversed,the expanding plastisphere could pose critical planetary health challenges.

关键词： reservoir mostly habitat

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水电梯级开发真的破坏下游河段营养盐情势吗?

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 661-670页

作者：陈求稳陈宇琛林育青张建云倪晋仁夏军肖琳冯韬马宏海 State Key laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources&Hydraulic engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210029China center for Eco-Environment research Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210029China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Green development Nanjing 210024China School of the Environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China The Key laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100091China State Key laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower engineering Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

River damming is believed to largely intercept nutrients,particularly retain more phosphorus(P)than nitrogen(N),and thus harm primary productivity,fishery catches,and food security downstream,which seriously constrain global hydropower development and poverty relief in undeveloped regions and can drive geo-political disputes between nations along trans-boundary rivers.In this study,we investigated whether reservoirs can instead improve nutrient regimes downstream.We measured different species of N and P as well as microbial functions in water and sediment of cascade reservoirs in the upper Mekong River over 5 years and modelled the influx and outflux of N and P species in each reservoir.Despite partially retaining total N and total P,reservoirs increased the downstream flux of ammonium and soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP).The increase in ammonium and SRP between outflux and influx showed positive linear relationships with the hydraulic residence time of the cascade reservoirs;and the ratio of SRP to dissolved inorganic nitrogen increased along the reservoir cascade.The lentic environment of reservoirs stimulated algae-mediated conversion of nitrate into ammonium in surface water;the hypoxic condition and the priming effect of algae-induced organic matter enhanced release of ammonium from sediment;the synergy of microbial phosphorylation,reductive condition and sediment geochemical properties increased release of SRP.This study is the first to provide solid evidence that hydropower reservoirs improve downstream nutrient bioavailability and N-P balance through a process of retention-transformation-transport,which may benefit primary productivity.These findings could advance our understanding of the eco-environmental impacts of river damming.

关键词： River damming Biogeochemical cycle Nitrogen Phosphorus Ecological impacts

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P-wave and S-wave response of coal rock containing gas-water with different saturation: an experimental perspective

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第1期17卷 100-108页

作者： Dameng LIU Lijing LI Zheng ZHAO Wei CHEN Yidong CAI Yongkai QIU Yingfang ZHOU School of Energy Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China coal reservoir laboratory of Natural engineering research center of cbm development&utilization China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Beijing Furuibao Energy Technology Company Beijing 100176China School of engineering King’s CollegeUniversity of AberdeenAB243UE AberdeenUK

The acoustic response of gas and/or water saturated coal rock is fundamental for establishing the correspondence between the physical properties of the coal reservoir and the characteristics of the well-logging response,which is the technology essential for the geophysical exploration of coalbed methane(cbm).This acoustic response depends on water(Sw)and gas(Sg)saturation among other factors.In this study,we performed acoustic tests on dry and different gas-water saturated coal samples with different degrees of metamorphism and deformation,collected from several coal mining areas in China.These tests enabled us to analyze the influence of coal type and gas-water saturation on the acoustic response of cbm formations.Our results show that the acoustic velocity of P-wave and S-wave(Vp and Vs,respectively),and the relative anisotropy of and Vs,increased with increasing vitrinite reflectance,density,Vp and Sw.WithSw increasing from 0 to 100%,the growth rate of the acoustic velocity decreased with increasing vitrinite reflectance.The Vp/Vs ratio of tectonic coal was generally higher than that of primary coal.The growth rate of the relative anisotropy in tectonic coal was markedly higher than that in primary coal.

关键词： coal rock gas-water water saturation acoustic velocity relative anisotropy

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