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A Large-Scale Online Survey on clinical Severity and Associated Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection — China, April–May 2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第15期6卷 305-311,I0001-I0004页

作者： Yanxia Sun Yuping Duan Jie Qian Yimin Qu Ye Wang Guohui Fan Qiangru Huang Zhongjie Li Weizhong Yang Luzhao Feng State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and ControlMinistry of EducationSchool of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?Individuals who initially contract severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)lack significant mixed ***,it is crucial to monitor the clinical characteristics and associated factors of these individuals in order to inform *** is added by this report?The common symptoms reported were fever,cough,and sore *** and receiving four vaccination doses within a 6-month period were found to be associated with a shorter duration of virus shedding,decreased hospitalization rate,and reduced risk of *** aged 60 years and older,as well as those with underlying medical conditions,had a higher risk of developing *** are the implication for public health practices?Online surveys conducted through social media platforms have the potential to complement disease surveillance and data collection *** terms of vaccination prioritization,it is recommended to prioritize older individuals and those with underlying diseases.

关键词： doses Online initially

New guidelines for fluorophore application in peroxisome targeting analyses in transient plant expression systems

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2019年第7期61卷 884-899页

作者： Christian Falter Nguyen Binh Anh Thu Saugat Pokhrel Sigrun Reumann Plant Biochemistry and infection biology Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology University of Hamburg

Peroxisome research has been revolutionized by proteome studies combined with in vivo subcellular targeting analyses. Yellow and cyan fluorescent protein(YFP and CFP) are the classical fluorophores of plant peroxisome research. In the new transient expression system of Arabidopsis seedlings co-cultivated with Agrobacterium we detected the YFP fusion of one candidate protein in peroxisomes, but only upon co-transformation with the peroxisome marker, CFP-PTS1. The data suggested that the YFP fusion was directed to peroxisomes due to its weak heterodimerization ability with CFP-PTS1,allowing piggy-back import into peroxisomes. Indeed, if co-expressed with monomeric Cerulean-PTS1(mCer-PTS1),the YFP fusion was no longer matrix localized. We systematically investigated the occurrence and extent of dimerization-based piggy-back import for different fluorophore combinations in five major transient plant expression systems. In Arabidopsis seedlings and tobacco leaves both untagged YFP and monomeric Venus were imported into peroxisomes if co-expressed with CFP-PTS1 but not with mCer-PTS1. By contrast, piggy-back import of cytosolic proteins was not observed in Arabidopsis and tobacco protoplasts or in onion epidermal cells for any fluorophore combination at any time point. Based on these important results we formulate new guidelines for fluorophore usage and experimental design to guarantee reliable identification of novel plant peroxisomal proteins.

关键词： transient plant expression systems fluorophore

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Is Veillonella a unique marker of physical exercise?Commentary on:

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 682-684页

作者： Viktor Bielik Ivan Hric Riadh Hammami Department of Biological and Medical Science Faculty of Physical Education and SportComenius University in BratislavaBratislava 81469Slovakia Department of Molecular biology Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University in BratislavaBratislava 84215Slovakia Biomedical Research Center Institute of Clinical and Translational ResearchSlovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84505Slovakia School of Nutrition Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada

In 2020,Kostic1 published commentary on the bacterial genus Veillonella associated with the interaction between the intestinal microbiota and skeletal *** then,novel perspectives on the bidirectional gut-muscle communication axis have gained a lot of *** purpose of this commentary is to explore some of the challenging issues presented in Scheiman et al.

关键词： skeletal gained

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Complementary and alternative medicine on cognitive defects and neuroinflammation after sepsis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期44卷 408-416页

作者： LI Zhenxuan WANG Xuerui Luis Ulloa Ayman Youssef BAI Yunjing XU Xiaolong LIU Qingquan Department of Infectious Diseases Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100010China Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases Beijing 100010China infection immunity laboratory Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineBeijing 100010China clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Center for Perioperative Organ Protection Department of AnesthesiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth Carolina 27710USA

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE)is a common manifestation of sepsis,ranging from mild confusion and delirium to severe cognitive impairment and deep *** is associated with higher mortality and long-term outcomes,particularly substantial declines in cognitive *** mechanisms of SAE probably include neuroinflammation that is mediated by systemic inflammation and ischemic lesions in the brain,a disrupted blood–brain barrier,oxidative stress,neurotransmitter dysfunction,and severe microglial *** evidence suggests that complementary and alternative medicine,especially Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),is favorable in alleviating cognitive decline after ***,we summarized the studies of traditional herbal remedies,TCM formulas and acupuncture therapy in animal models of neurological dysfunctions after sepsis in recent decades and reviewed their potential mechanisms.

关键词： sepsis-associated encephalopathy cognitive dysfunction complementary therapies neuroinflammatory diseases medicine Chinese traditional review

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A quadrivalent norovirus vaccine based on a chimpanzee adenovirus vector induces potent immunity in mice

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 675-684页

作者： Yihua Jiang Lingjin Sun Nan Qiao Xiang Wang Caihong Zhu Man Xing Hui Liu Ping Zhou Dongming Zhou Department of Pathogen biology School of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China Shanghai Public Health clinical Center Fudan UniversityShanghai201508China R&D Centre Chengdu Kanghua Biological Products Co.LtdChengdu610000China Institut Pasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China

Norovirus(NoV)infection is a major cause of gastroenteritis *** virus poses great challenges in developing vaccines with broad immune protection due to its genetic and antigenic *** date,there are no approved NoV vaccines for clinical ***,we aimed to develop a broad-acting quadrivalent NoV vaccine based on a chimpanzee adenovirus vector,AdC68,carrying the major capsid protein(VP1)of noroviral GI and GII *** to intramuscular(i.m.),intranasal(i.n.),or other prime-boost immunization regimens(i.m.t i.m.,i.m.t i.n.,i.n.t i.m.),AdC68-GI.1-GII.3(E1)-GII.4-GII.17(E3),administered via i.n.t *** higher titers of serum IgG antibodies and higher IgA antibodies in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and saliva against the four homologous VP1s in *** also significantly stimulated the production of blocking antibodies against the four *** response to re-stimulation with virus-like particles(VLP)-GI.1,VLP-GII.3,VLP-GII.4,and VLP-GII.17,the quadrivalent vaccine administered according to the i.n.t *** effectively triggered specific cell-mediated immune responses,primarily characterized by IFN-γ***,the preparation of this novel quadrivalent NoV vaccine requires only a single recombinant adenovirus to provide broad preventive immunity against the major GI/GII epidemic strains,making it a promising vaccine candidate for further development.

关键词： Norovirus(NoV) Quadrivalent vaccine Adenovirus vector

Evaluation of urea breath test as a diagnostic tool for Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第17期30卷 2302-2307页

作者： Zeinab Nabil Ahmed Said Asmaa Mohamed El-Nasser Department of Medical microbiology&Immunology Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11754CairoEgypt

In this editorial,we discuss the article in the World Journal of *** article conducts a meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the urea breath test(UBT),a non-invasive method for detecting Helicobacter pylori(***)infection in *** is based on radionuclide-labeled *** methods,both invasive and non-invasive,are available for diagnosing *** infection,inclu-ding endoscopy with biopsy,serology for immunoglobulin titers,stool antigen analysis,and *** guidelines recommend UBTs as the primary choice for diagnosing *** infection and for reexamining after eradication *** is used to be the first choice non-invasive test due to their high accuracy,specificity,rapid results,and ***,its performance remains unaffected by the distribution of *** in the stomach,allowing a high flow of patients to be *** its widespread use,the performance characteristics of UBT have been inconsistently described and remain incompletely *** are two UBTs available with Food and Drug Administration approval:The 13C and 14C *** tests are affordable and can provide real-time *** may prefer the 13C test because it is non-radioactive,compared to 14C which uses a radioactive isotope,especially in young children and pregnant *** there was heterogeneity among the studies regarding the diagnostic accuracy of both UBTs,13C-UBT consistently outperforms the *** makes the 13C-UBT the preferred diagnostic ***,the provided findings of the meta-analysis emphasize the significance of precise considerations when choosing urea dosage,assessment timing,and measurement techniques for both the 13C-UBT and 14C-UBT,to enhance diagnostic precision.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urea breath test Diagnosis Diagnostic test accuracy Meta-analysis

Advances in genotypic antimicrobialresistance testing:a comprehensive review

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Boheng Duan Xianjun Zeng Junping Peng Huan Kui College of Nanchang University Department of Imaging The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University NHC Key Laboratory of Systems biology of Pathogens National Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College Key Laboratory of Pathogen infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and MultimorbidityNational Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a substantial threat to global public health,complicating the treatment of common infections and leading to prolonged illness and escalated healthcare *** effectively combat AMR,timely and accurate detection is crucial for AMR surveillance and individual-based *** antibiotic resistance testing (AST) has long been considered the gold standard in clinical applications,serving as the foundation for clinical AMR diagnosis and optimized *** has significantly contributed to ensuring patients′health and the development of novel *** advancements in automated culture-based AST technologies,inherent limitations impede the widespread use of phenotypic AST in AMR *** AST technologies offer a promising alternative option,exhibiting advantages of rapidity,high sensitivity,and *** the continuous advancement and expanding applications of genotypic AST technologies,such as microfluidics,mass spectrometry,and high-resolution melting curve analysis,new vigor has been injected into the development and clinical implementation of genotypic AST *** this narrative review,we discuss the principles,applications,and advancements of emerging genotypic AST methods in clinical *** comprehensive review aims to highlight the significant scientific potential of emerging genotypic AST technologies in clinical AMR diagnosis,providing insights to enhance existing methods and explore novel approaches.

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Efficacy of rapid antigen self-testing for SARS-CoV-2 screening:Real-world evidence from a prospective cohort study

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 88-90页

作者： Yaoyue Hu Bin Peng Jie Fan Zhu Yang Jianjiang Xue Quanxin Long Jie Xia Yuan Hu Xuefei Cai Li Zhou Ailong Huang School of Public Health Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016China clinical Laboratory University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401331China Key Laboratory of Molecular biology on Infectious Diseases Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

Antigen rapid diagnostic tests(Ag-RDTs)have been considered and implemented as an important diagnostic and screening tool to identify SARS-CoV-2 infections in community settings.1 Ag-RDTs are less sensitive,particularly in asymptomatic populations,compared with laboratorybased viral nucleic acid amplification tests(NAATs)such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).2 However,taking into account the facts that Ag-RDTs are effective for identifying most contagious individuals,they are faster and less expensive than RT-PCR,as well as that RT-PCR could produce positive results for weeks to months after the infection,2 WHO recommends Ag-RDTs be offered as COVID-19 self-testing for screening purposes in addition to professionally administered testing services regardless of the community transmission level.

关键词： testing faster rapid

Harnessing naturally occurring mutations for T-cell therapy:a potential new avenue to enhance treatment efficacy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1799-1801页

作者： Michael Hiltensperger Jürgen Ruland Kilian Schober Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie Immunologie und HygieneFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Institute of clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry School of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany TranslaTUM Center for Translational Cancer ResearchTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) HeidelbergGermany German Center for infection Research(DZIF) partner site MunichMunichGermany FAU Profile Center Immunomedicine Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,Garcia et *** a sophisticated approach to identify fitness-enhancing mutations for T cells that was inspired by cancer evolution.1 The identified CARD11-PIK3R3 gene fusion enhanced tumor rejection and persistence of engineered T cells in multiple tumor models and might have the potential to improve efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapies in cancer patients.

关键词： cancer potential