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Prevalence of hepatitis C infection among intravenous drug users in Shanghai

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第32期19卷 5320-5325页

作者： Yan-Lin Tao Yu-Fan Tang Jian-Ping Qiu Xiao-Feng Cai Xiao-Ting Shen Ya-Xin Wang Xue-Tao Zhao microbiology laboratory Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xuhui microbiology laboratory Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center

AIM:To characterize the prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection among Chinese intravenous drug users(IDUs).METHODS:A total of 432 adult IDUs(95 women and337 men)in Shanghai were included in the *** third-generation Elecsys Anti-HCV assay(Roche Diagnostics GmbH,Sandhofer Strasse 116,D-68305,Mannheim,Germany)was used to screen for antibodies against *** RIBA strip,a supplemental antiHCV test with high specificity,was performed on all of the samples that tested positive during the initial *** of the anti-HCV positive samples were analyzed with a Cobas TaqMan 48 Analyzer(Roche Diagnostics)for direct detection of HCV *** of the HCV RNA-positive samples were sequenced for genotype ***:The preliminary screening identified 262(60.6%)subjects who were seropositive for *** the 62 females and 200 males seropositive subjects,16(16.7%)and 65(19.3%),respectively,were confirmed by RIBA,yielding an overall HCV seropositive rate of18.8%.Four female(6.5%)and 14 male(7.0%)subjects tested positive for HCV RNA,indicating an active infection rate of 4.2%for the entire study *** 18 HCV RNA-positive serum samples were *** individuals were genotype 1b,and four were genotype *** individual each was infected with genotypes 2a,2b and *** subjects were coinfected with multiple strains:two with genotypes 1a and 2a,and two with genotypes 1b and *** active infection rate among HCV-seropositive individuals was22.2%,which was significantly lower than most ***:The prevalence of HCV is relatively low among IDUs in Shanghai,with a spontaneous recovery rate much higher than previous estimates.

关键词： Hepatitis C Anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies Prevalence of hepatitis C virus Active infection rate Intravenous drug users

Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on the healthy gut microbiota composition at phyla and species level: A preliminary study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第15期23卷 2696-2704页

作者： Marco Toscano Roberta De Grandi Laura Stronati Elena De Vecchi Lorenzo Drago laboratory of clinical microbiology Department of Biomedical Science for HealthUniversity of Milan Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology laboratory of clinical Chemistry and microbiology IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic InstituteUniversity of Milan

AIMTo evaluate the ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium longum BB536 to colonize the intestinal environment of healthy subjects and modify the gut microbiota *** healthy Italian volunteers, eight males and twelve females, participated in the study. Ten subjects took a sachet containing 4 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU) of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and 109 CFU of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, 30 min before breakfast (pre-prandial administration), while ten subjects took a sachet of probiotic product 30 min after breakfast (post-prandial administration). The ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium longum BB536 to colonize human gut microbiota was assessed by means of quantitative real-time PCR, while changes in gut microbiota composition were detected by using Ion Torrent Personal Genome *** after 1-mo of probiotic administration, B. longum BB536 and L. rhamnosus HN001 load was increased in the majority of subjects in both pre-prandial and post-prandial groups. This increase was found also 1 mo after the end of probiotic oral intake in both groups, if compared to samples collected before probiotic consumption. At phyla level a significant decrease in Firmicutes abundance was detected immediately after 1-mo of B. longum BB536 and L. rhamnosus HN001 oral intake. This reduction persisted up to 1 mo after the end of probiotic oral intake together with a significant decrease of Proteobacteria abundance if compared to samples collected before probiotic administration. Whereas, at species level, a higher abundance of Blautia producta, Blautia wexlerae and Haemophilus ducrey was observed, together with a reduction of Holdemania filiformis, Escherichia vulneris, Gemmiger formicilis and Streptococcus sinensis abundance. In addition, during follow-up period we observed a further reduction in Escherichia vulneris and Gemmiger formicilis, together with a decrease in

关键词： Probiotics Gut microbiota Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Human health

Movement analysis in the diagnosis and management of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 485-486页

作者： Johannes Burtscher Nicolas Bourdillon Jules MJanssen Daalen Aurélien Patoz Julien FBally Martin Kopp Davide Malatesta Bastiaan RBloem Institute of Sport Sciences University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Radboud University Medical Center Department of NeurologyDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviorCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement DisordersNijmegenThe Netherlands Radboud University Medical Center Department of Medical BioSciencesNijmegenThe Netherlands Research and Development Department Volodalen Swiss Sport LabAigleSwitzerland Service of Neurology Department of Clinical NeurosciencesLausanne University Hospital(CHUV)and University of Lausanne(UNIL)LausanneSwitzerland Department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria

Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease:Parkinson’s disease(PD)is an increasingly prevalent neurodegenerative disease,at first sight primarily characterized by motor symptoms,although non-motor symptoms also constitute a major part of the overall ***,this disease cannot be diagnosed reliably until a large part of the vulnerable dopaminergic neurons has been irretrievably lost,and the disease progresses *** biological criteria for PD have been proposed recently and might eventually improve early diagnosis,but they require further validation,and their use will initially be restricted to a research environment(Darweesh et al.,2024).

关键词： diagnosis clinical eventually

Combinatorial therapies for spinal cord injury repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1293-1308页

作者： Carla S.Sousa Andreia Monteiro António J.Salgado Nuno A.Silva Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal ICVS/3B’s Associate lab PT Government Associated LabCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal

Spinal cord injuries have profound detrimental effects on individuals, regardless of whether they are caused by trauma or non-traumatic events. The compromised regeneration of the spinal cord is primarily attributed to damaged neurons, inhibitory molecules, dysfunctional immune response, and glial scarring. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective treatments available that can fully repair the spinal cord and improve functional outcomes. Nevertheless, numerous pre-clinical approaches have been studied for spinal cord injury recovery, including using biomaterials, cells, drugs, or technological-based strategies. Combinatorial treatments, which target various aspects of spinal cord injury pathophysiology, have been extensively tested in the last decade. These approaches aim to synergistically enhance repair processes by addressing various obstacles faced during spinal cord regeneration. Thus, this review intends to provide scientists and clinicians with an overview of pre-clinical combinatorial approaches that have been developed toward the solution of spinal cord regeneration as well as update the current knowledge about spinal cord injury pathophysiology with an emphasis on the current clinical management.

关键词： electric stimulation neural tissue regeneration neuroprotection polytherapy spinal cord injury

New case of HIV cure:joined forces of haploidentical stem cells and HLA-mismatched cord blood

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第7期8卷 3198-3199页

作者： David Peterhoff Institute for clinical microbiology and Hygiene University Hospital RegensburgRegensburgGermany

Recently,Hsu et *** the remission and possible cure of HIV-1 infection in the context of an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia(AML).1 This is the fourth case of a potential cure for HIV infection ever,the first in a woman,the first in a person of mixed race,and the first in which a CCR5Δ32/Δ32 haplo-cord transplant was used.

关键词： al. infection acute

Anticonvulsant and hypnotic effects of amiodarone

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第4期10卷 317-322页

作者： Gunnur OZBAKIS-DENGIZ Aysegul BAKIRCI Department of Pharmacology Medical Faculty Karaelmas University Department of Infectious Diseases and clinical microbiology Public Hospitals

Amiodarone hydrochloride is a potent anti-arrhythmic agent, known as a multiple ion-channel blocker in the heart. Although it has been detected in the rat brain, there are no data related to its central nervous system （CNS） effects. In this study, we evaluated anticonvulsant and hypnotic effects of amiodarone. Convulsions were induced by phentylenetetrazole （PTZ）（100 mg/kg） or caffeine （300 mg/kg） in mice. In both models, amiodarone prolonged both latency period and time to death, and acted as an anticonvulsant drug. It was found to be more effective in the PTZ model than in the caffeine model; none of the animals treated with 150 mg/kg dose amiodarone had died in the PTZ model. For hypnotic effect, sleeping was induced with pentobarbital （35 mg/kg） in rats. Amiodarone dose-dependently increased the sleeping time （677.7%-725.9%）. In the sleeping test, all rats in 200 mg/kg amiodarone group died. In conclusion, anticonvulsant and hypnotic effects of amiodarone have shown the depressant effects on CNS. These effects may be dependent on its pharmacological properties.

关键词： Amiodarone Phentylenetetrazole (PTZ) Caffeine Convulsion Sleeping

Insights on evolution of virulence and resistance from the whole-genome analysis of a predominant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clone sequence type 239 in China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第11期59卷 1104-1112页

作者： Hongbin Chen Xi Yang Qi Wang Chunjiang Zhao Henan Li Wenqiang He Xiaojuan Wang Feifei Zhang Zhanwei Wang Minjun Chen Baoli Zhu Hui Wang Department of clinical laboratory Peking University People’s Hospital Key laboratory of Pathogenic microbiology & Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Department of clinical laboratory Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Earlier, we reported that ST239 was the15-year predominant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) clone in China. In this study, MRSA strain CN79 belonging to ST239 and isolated from blood was used to determine the whole genome sequence. Comparative genomics analysis was done between MRSA CN79and 25 sequenced S. aureus in the NCBI GenBank database. A total of 2,734 protein-encoding genes were identified in the MRSA CN79 genome, which carries 11antibiotic resistance genes and 65 virulence genes. Two prophages phiCN79A and phiNM3-like were found on the MRSA CN79 genome. MRSA CN79 carries 30 specific genes that are absent from the 25 sequenced S. aureus genomes. Most of them were prophage-related *** antibiotic resistance genes, such as b-lactamase and ABC-type multidrug transport system gene, were located on the genomic island mSab. The antibiotic resistance genes, such as tet(M), ermA1, and blaZ, were also located on different transposons. The virulence genes sea,map, hlb, and sak are located on phiNM3-like prophage and the exotoxin genes are carried on the genomic island mSaa. These results suggest that ST239 MRSA strains are widespread owing to horizontal acquisition of the mobile genetic elements harbored antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes in response to environmental selective pressures, such as antibiotics and the human immune system during evolution.

关键词：金黄色葡萄球菌基因组分析毒力基因进化过程序列类型中国克隆 GenBank

Relationship between cytokine gene polymorphisms and chronic hepatitis B virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6226-6235页

作者： Semra Tun?bilek Department of Infectious Diseases and clinical microbiology Ufuk University School of Medicine 06520 Ankara Turkey

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a public health problem worldwide, being endemic in some parts of the world. It can lead to serious liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer. The differences in host immune response can be one of the reasons for the various clinical presentations of HBV infection. Polymorphisms of genes encoding the proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines, which are responsible for regulation of the immune response, can affect the clinical presentation of the infection. Particularly, the polymorphisms of the genes encoding cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, IL-28B, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, tumor growth factor-β1, and regulatory molecules like vitamin D receptor and chemokine receptor 5 can be responsible for different clinical presentations of HBV infections. The genomic information about cytokines and other mediators can be important for determining high-risk people for developing chronic hepatitis or hepatocellular cancer and may be used to plan treatment and preventive approaches for these people. In this review, the current knowledge in the literature on the association between cytokine/regulatory molecule gene polymorphisms and clinical course of chronic HBV infection is summarized, and the clinical implementations and future prospects regarding this knowledge are discussed.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Cytokine Polymorphism Chronic hepatitis

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever: An Overview

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Virologica Sinica 2013年第4期28卷 193-201页

作者： Serkan ncü Department of Infectious Diseases and clinical microbiology Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic viral infection that is a serious threat to humans. The disease is widely distributed in Africa, Asia, and Europe and has developed into a serious public health concern. Humans become infected through the bites of ticks, by contact with a patient with CCHF, or by contact with blood or tissues from viremic livestock. Microvascular instability and impaired hemostasis are the hallmarks of the infection. Infection in human begins with nonspecific febrile symptoms, but may progress to a serious hemorrhagic syndrome with high mortality rates. Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the most used and specific tests for the diagnosis. The mainstay of treatment is supportive. Although definitive studies are not available, ribavirin is suggested to be effective especially at the earlier phase of the infection. Uses of universal protective measures are the best way to avoid the infection. In this review, all aspects of CCHF are overviewed in light of the current literature.

关键词： Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Epidemiology Transmission Pathogenesis Diagnosis Treatment Prevention