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Task sharing: situation analysis about capacity and resources for management of diabetic retinopathy in Pakistan

International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第5期12卷 809-814页

作者： Mufarriq Shah Ayesha Noor C Alex Harper Jill Elizabeth Keeffe Pakistan Institute of Community ophthalmology Hayatabad Medical Complex Vision and Dental Care clinic Centre for Eye Research Australia Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of Melbourneand Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital LV Prasad Eye Institute

AIM: To assess the capacity and resources of eye care facilities, using the WHO Health Systems Framework, to manage diabetic retinopathy(DR) through task ***: Using purposive sampling, four participants(administrators) from four selected hospitals in two provinces in Pakistan were recruited for this cross-sectional study. A survey, to assess the capacity and resources of the selected eye care facilities for the feasibility to adopt task sharing in management of DR to prevent vision loss, was emailed to participants who were asked to complete. Responses to open-ended questions were entered into a Microsoft Excel spread sheet and inductive approach was applied for ***: All the surveyed eye care facilities offer eye care services for people with diabetes and DR. All surveyed eye care facilities have a shortage in the number of human resources across all cadres. Optometrists and mid-level eye care workers did not have active roles in DR screening and management in all four hospitals. All the hospitals surveyed did not have a computerized record management system for patients who visit ophthalmologists for eye examinations. Equipment for detection and management of DR were short in number and main users were ophthalmologists. There was no policy for population-based screening program for detection of DR in any of the surveyed ***: A system-based approach to manage DR is needed. The capacity of eye care facilities and the potential to improve access of people with diabetes to eyecare services can be enhanced through implementation of task sharing.

关键词： task sharing capacity diabetes diabetic retinopathy Pakistan

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The role of the cytokines in the pathogenesis of pseudoexfoliation syndrome

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第1期6卷 50-53页

作者： Zuhal Yildirim Filiz Yildirim Nil Irem Ugun Aylin Sepici-Dinel Etimesgut Public Health Laboratory Duatepe Government Hospital Clinic of Internal Medicine Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital Second Ophthalmology Clinic Gazi University Faculty of MedicineDepartment of Medical Biochemistry

AIM:To examine the mechanism of the development of pseudoexfoliation (PSX) syndrome via both cytokine formation and endothelial vasorelaxing and growth factors that will provide us new therapeutic insights for the treatment. METHODS:This is a cross sectional study included two groups; Group 1:control patients with nuclear cataract(n =20, aged 51-80 years). Group 2:PSX patients with nuclear cataract (n=18, aged 50-90 years). Patients with other ophthalmic problems and systemic diseases were excluded. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and nitrotyrosine levels were determined through serum samples by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Nitrite-nitrate levels were measured with photometric endpoint determination. RESULTS:There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of age, VEGF, IL-1β, nitrite-nitrate and nitrotyrosine. The significant results were the mean IL-6 levels that were higher in PSX group 2 (37.68± 29.52 pg/mL) compared to that in control group 1 (15.32± 10.08 pg/mL) (P <0.001). CONCLUSION:Several interacting and extending biochemical pathways may lead to the promotion of VEGF and IL-6 expressions. IL-6 which is the only altered marker in our study may indirectly cause an increase of vascular permeability and neovascularization. We suggest inflammation as a factor that can be involved in etiopathogenesis of PSX.

关键词： pseudoexfoliation syndrome inflammation vascular endothelial growth factor interleukin-6 interleukin-1β

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Relationship between pinguecula formation and exposure to tandoor ovens in a hospital-based study

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第6期7卷 1014-1016页

作者： Adem Gul Hasan Goker Senol Sabanci Ali Kurt Kemal Turkyilmaz Department of ophthalmology Ondokuz Mayis University Department of ophthalmology Fatih University Department of ophthalmology Ortadogu Hospital Department of ophthalmology Kirsehir University Department of ophthalmology Rize University

AIM: To investigate the relationship between pinguecula and the use of tandoor ***: A total of 539 women, ranging in age from20 to 86 y who attended an outpatient clinic were enrolled. All the patients were asked whether they used tandoor ovens. Women exposed to tandoor ovens(n =286) were accepted as participants in the study group and they were compared with participants in the control group(n =253). The age, presence of pinguecula,duration of exposure to tandoor ovens as years and occupations were recorded for all the ***: Mean duration for exposure to tandoor was20.26y(range 1-62y) in the study group. The rate of pinguecula in the study group was 82.2%(235/286), and the rate in the control group was 37.5%(95/253); this difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Pinguecula was seen in 61.2%(330/539) of all the ***: Pinguecula is strongly associated with exposure to tandoor ovens.

关键词： pinguecula tandoor ovens heat effect

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Fine tuning of the default depth and rate of ablation of the epithelium in customized trans-epithelial one-step superficial refractive excimer laser ablation

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Eye and Vision 2019年第1期6卷 331-337页

作者： Michael Goggin Peter Stewart Vikija Andersons Giuseppe Criscenti South Australian Institute of ophthalmology University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Brisbane Laser Sight clinic BrisbaneAustralia Ashford Advanced Eye Care AdelaideAustralia iVis Technologies TarantoItaly

Purpose:To fine tune the default depth and rate of ablation of the epithelium in cTen^(TM) customized trans-epithelial one-step superficial refractive surgery by the comparison between the attempted post-operative ideal corneal shape and the achieved corneal ***:88 consecutive eyes in 64 patients undergoing trans-epithelial superficial excimer ablation using the iVis laser Suite for either myopic/astigmatic or hyperopic/astigmatic refractive *** patient had at least 3 months of post-operative *** examination of all eyes was carried out pre-operatively and at least 3 months post-operatively using the Precisio^(TM) surgical *** comparison of these two measurements yielded values for depth,volumes and rates of ablated corneal *** determining the different ablation rates of stroma and epithelium,a refinement of the depth of epithelium to be removed and a refinement of the stromal ablation were *** mathematical model was applied on each one of the 88 clinical cases and the parameters for the fine tuning of the default depth and rate of ablation of the epithelium were determined using the least squares ***:The calculated pure stromal ablation rate was less than the average epithelium/stroma ablation rate used in planning the treatments by a factor of *** epithelial thickness predefined ablation assumption used to plan removal of the epithelium was adjusted considering the measured ablation and a radial adjustment function established for the fine tuning of the laser radial efficiency and allowing for the normal thickening of the epithelium in the peripheral *** a clinical point of view,this methodology produces an improvement of the efficacy and a reduction of the variance of the clinical ***:Comparison of accurately measured pre and postoperative topographies yields accurately established ablation rates of stroma and epithelium in trans-epithelial one step superficial a

关键词： Transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy Epithelial ablation Epithelial thickness refinement Stromal ablation rate refinement

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Using eye drops in compliance may improve the symptoms and quality of life in patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: analysis of a two-season web survey

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第6期16卷 988-991页

作者： Asako Kodama Dogru Murat Hiroshi Fujishima Kazumi Fukagawa Department of ophthalmology Eiju General HospitalTokyo 110-8645Japan Department of ophthalmology Tsurumi University School of Dental MedicineKanagawa 230-0063Japan Ryogoku Eye clinic Tokyo 130-0062Japan

Dear Editor,Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common ocular surface allergic disease, affecting more than 30% of the population[1-2]. In the immediate phase of the allergic reactions(type Ⅰ) in patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis(SAC), the binding of antigen with the reaginic antibody leads to the formation and release of chemical mediators, such as histamines, in the local anaphylactic reaction[3].

关键词： allergic patients seasonal

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Effect of 2% fluorescein on Scheimpflug central corneal thickness measurements

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第2期9卷 239-242页

作者： Stella Briggs Marwa Bin Moammar College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11433 Saudi Arabia ophthalmology clinic Security Forces Hospital Riyadh 11481 Saudi Arabia

AIM： To assess central corneal thickness （CCT） changes measured with Scheimpflug device following instillation of 2% fluorescein in normal subjects. ~ METHODS： This was a prospective randomized study of 60 hospital volunteers. After baseline CCT measurements of both eyes of 40 subjects were obtained using Scheimpflug system, a drop of preservative-free 2% fluorescein, was instilled in one eye and in other eye, one drop of normal saline （control）. Measurements were repeated after 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60min （continuous assessment group）. Twenty subjects had baseline CCT taken, then fluorescein was instilled in one eye and measurements were taken at lmin. Ten eyes had saline rinse after lmin and 10 other eyes did not, measurements were repeated at 2min （eye rinse group）. RESULTS： The mean baseline CCT for continuous assessment group was 546.2±32.1um （range, 489.0-606.0）, control eyes was 546.6~±30.7 um （range, 489.0-602.0）. At lmin after fluorescein instillation, CCT significantly increased by 37.0±34.0um （P〈0.001）, then decreased gradually, reaching baseline at 60min. CCT variations were not significant in control group （P〉0.05）. For eye rinse group, CCT mean differences between baseline and 2min were 18.2um （95 % Ch -54.7 to 18.3） with rinse and 26.5um （95% CI： -62.9 to 9.9） without rinse; paired sample tests were not significant （P〉0.05）. CONCLUSION： The presence of fluorescein increased CCT value to a clinically relevant level of 6.8%. Eye rinse did not significantly reduce the effect at 2min post fluorescein timepoint.

关键词： central corneal thickness fluorescein Scheimpflug device

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clinical features of strabismus and nystagmus in bilateral congenital cataracts

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第5期11卷 813-817页

作者： Sung Soo Hwang Wan Soo Kim Soo Jung Lee Department of ophthalmology Haeundae Paik Hospital Inje University College of Medicine Busan 48108 Korea Kim Wan Soo Eye clinic Busan 48266 Korea

AIM：To evaluate the prevalence,clinical features,and the factors affecting onset of strabismus and nystagmus in patients with bilateral congenital ***：This study evaluated 116 eyes of 58 patients who underwent lens removal for the treatment of bilateral congenital cataracts between January 1999 and January *** presence and type of strabismus and nystagmus were determined before and after *** of strabismus and final visual acuity were compared in patients with and without *** were divided into three groups（orthotropia/orthotropia,orthotropia/strabismus,and strabismus/strabismus） according to their preoperative and postoperative ocular *** at cataract surgery and associations of nystagmus and primary intraocular lens（IOL） implantation with strabismus were ***：Six patients（10.3%） had strabismus preoperatively and an additional 11（19.0%） developed postoperative *** was more common than esotropia both preoperatively and *** patients（31.0%） had postoperative nystagmus,with sensory nystagmus being the most common *** the 18 patients with nystagmus,10 had strabismus,with exotropia being more common than *** visual acuity was poor in patients with *** at cataract surgery and rate of primary IOL implantation were significantly lower,and postoperative nystagmus was more common,in the orthotropia/strabismus group than in the other two ***：Exotropia and sensory nystagmus are common in patients with bilateral congenital *** at cataract surgery and rate of IOL implantation are lowerand nystagmus more common in patients with postoperative onset of *** is associated with poor visual prognosis.

关键词： bilateral congenital cataracts strabismus nystagmus

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clinical efficacy of combined topical 0.05%cyclosporine A and 0.1%sodium hyaluronate in the dry eyes with meibomian gland dysfunction

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第4期11卷 593-600页

作者： Ho-Yun Kim Ji-Eun Lee Ha-Na Oh Ju-Whan Song Sang-Youp Han Jong-Soo Lee Department of ophthalmology Maryknoll Medical CenterBusan 48972South Korea Department of ophthalmology Pusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsan 50612South Korea Department of ophthalmology Inje University Baek HospitalBusan 47392South Korea Department of ophthalmology Kosin University hospitalBusan 49267South Korea Sungrno Eye clinic Busan 48064South Korea Department of ophthalmology Pusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Medical Research Institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea

AIM： To investigate the efficacy of combined topical 0.05% cyclosporine A（CsA; Restasis~？, Allergan pharmaceuticals, USA） and 0.1% sodium hyaluronate treatment in dry eyes with meibomian gland dysfunction（MGD）.METHODS： In a retrospective analysis, 53 patients（106 eyes） with MGD were enrolled and performed lid warm massage for 10 min daily and be instilled preservative free sodium hyaluronate 0.1% eye drops 4 times daily. Patients were divided into subjects treated with topical 0.05% CsA and preservative free sodium hyaluronate vehicle（experimental group, n=74 eyes） and subjects treated with the preservative free sodium hyaluronate vehicle（control group, n=32 eyes）. They were evaluated at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 mo for subjective symptoms and objective signs including tear film break-up time（t BUT）, Schirmer test, corneal staining（CS） score, lid margin telangiectasia（LMT）, meibomian gland secretion（MGS）, and conjunctival injection（CI）.RESULTS： In the short-term treatment, the experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement in the ocular surface disease index（OSDI; P〈0.001）, tBUT（P=0.004）, Schirmer test score（P=0.008） and LMT（P=0.021） by repeated measure ANOVA. Additionally, mean changes from baseline in OSDI（P〈0.001）, tBUT（P=0.001）, Schirmer test score（P=0.029）, CS score（P=0.047）, LMT（P=0.002）, CI（P=0.030） were improved better in the experimental group than in the control group at 3 mo. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in MGS（P=0.67）.CONCLUSION： In dry eyes with MGD, 0.05% CsA improves the tear film stability as well as subjective ocular discomfort, and is effective in controlling lid margin inflammation.

关键词： 0.05% cyclosporine 0.1% hyauronate meibomian gland dysfunction dry eye

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Plasma and aqueous humor levels of adiponutrin and pannexin 1 in patients with and without diabetic retinopathy

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第3期15卷 453-460页

作者： Fatih Cem Gül Sabiha Güngör Kobat FatihÇelik Süleyman Aydin Ramazan Fazil Akkoç ophthalmology clinic Elazığ City HospitalElazig 23200Turkey Department of Biochemistry Firat UniversityElazig 23119Turkey Department of Anatomy Firat UniversityElazig 23119Turkey

AIM: To evaluate plasma and aqueous levels of adiponutrin and pannexin 1 in patients with and without diabetic ***: The study included three age and gendermatched groups of 20 cataract patients with no diabetes or additional disease(Group C), 20 cataract patients with diabetes and no retinopathy(Group DM+C), and 20 cataract patients with diabetic retinopathy(Group DR+C).All the patients were examined with respect to body mass index(BMI), fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), and lipid *** and intraocular lens(Phaco+IOL) implantation were performed to all patients in all the groups, and aqueous samples were taken during the *** plasma and aqueous adiponutrin and pannexin 1 levels were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***: A statistically significant difference was determined between the groups with respect to BMI, fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1c levels(Pclinicians in determining the risk of DR development.

关键词： diabetes mellitus retinopathy adiponutrin pannexin 1

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Host immune cellular reactions in corneal neovascularization

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第4期9卷 625-633页

作者： Nizar S.Abdelfattah Mohamed Amgad Amira A Zayed Doheny Eye Institute University of California ophthalmology Department David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester

Corneal neovascularization（CNV） is a global important cause of visual impairment. The immune mechanisms leading to corneal heme- and lymphangiogenesis have been extensively studied over the past years as more attempts were made to develop better prophylactic and therapeutic measures. This article aims to discuss immune cells of particular relevance to CNV, with a focus on macrophages, Th17 cells, dendritic cells and the underlying immunology of common pathologies involving neovascularization of the cornea. Hopefully, a thorough understanding of these topics would propel the efforts to halt the detrimental effects of CNV.

关键词： corneal neovascularization macrophage Th17 cells dendritic cells herpes simplex keratitis keratoplasty angiogenesis lymphangiogenesis contact lenses

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