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Elenoside increases intestinal motility

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第44期12卷 7143-7148页

作者： E Navarro SJ Alonso R Navarro J Trujillo E Jorge department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of La Laguna 38071 La Laguna Apdo. 55 Tenerife Canary Islands Spain department of Medical and chirurgical Sciences University of Las Palmas Gran Canaria Canary Islands Spain Centro de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologia CSIC Tenerife Canary Islands Spain

AIM： TO study the effects of elenoside, an arylnaphthalene lignan from Justicia hyssopifolia, on gastrointestinal motility in vivo and in vitro in rats. METHODS： Routine in vivo experimental assessments were catharsis index, water percentage of boluses, intestinal transit, and codeine antagonism. The groups included were vehicle control （propylene glycol-ethanolplant oil-tween 80）, elenoside （i.p. 25 and 50 mg/kg）, cisapride （i.p. 10 mg/kg）, and codeine phosphate （intragastric route, 50 mg/kg）. In v/tro approaches used isolated rat intestinal tissues （duodenum, jejunum, and ileum）. The effects of elenoside at concentrations of 3.2 ×10^4, 6.4 ×10^4 and 1.2 ×10^3 mol/L, and cisapride at 10^6 mol/L were investigated. RESULTS： Elenoside in vivo produced an increase in the catharsis index and water percentage of boluses and in the percentage of distance traveled by a suspension of activated charcoal. Codeine phosphate antagonized the effect of 25 mg/kg of elenoside. In vitro, elenoside in duodenum, jejunum and ileum produced an initial decrease in the contraction force followed by an increase. Elenoslde resulted in decreased intestinal frequency in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The in vitro and in vivo effects of elenoside were similar to those produced by cisapride. CONCLUSION： Elenoside is a lignan with an action similar to that of purgative and prokinetics drugs. Elenoside, could be an alternative to cisapride in treatment of gastrointestinal diseases as well as a preventive therapy for the undesirable gastrointestinal effects produced by opioids used for mild to moderate pain.

关键词： Elenoside Gastrointestinal motility, Smail intestine preparation

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Epidemiology and Profile of Pathogens in an Intensive Care Unit of University Hospital Center in Marrakesh, Morocco

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2022年第3期12卷 380-386页

作者： Fouzia Douirek Amra Ziadi Mohamed Abdennasser Samkaoui Nada Samkaoui chirurgical Reanimation department Mohammed VI University Hospital Marrakesh Morocco Medical University of Warsaw Warszawa Poland

Background: Pathogens surveillance and antimicrobial resistance are essential for the prompt organization of therapeutic and preventive action in healthcare settings. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the profile of pathogens isolated among patients admitted to an intensive care unit of a major urban Moroccan city that presented nosocomial infection during their hospitalisation. Results: During the study period, 34 patients developed a nosocomial infection during hospitalisation in ICU. The mean age of patients was 42.3 ± 18.3 years (range: 18.0 - 86.0 years) and 68% were males. The main diagnoses were multiple trauma injuries (47%) and thermal burns (18%). In terms of morbidities, 9% of the patients presented diabetes. The most common sites were central line-associated bloodstream infection (38%), bloodstream infection (35%), ventilator-associated pneumonia (32%), urinary catheter-related infection (29%), and soft tissue infection (21%). Most frequently isolated pathogens were: Acinetobacter baumani (25%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (12%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus (6%), E. coli (6%), Providencia spp. (6%), Enterococcus faecalis (6%), Raoultella terrigena (4%). Conclusion: The bloodstream was the most common site and Gram-negatives were the most commonly reported causes of ICU infections. The incidence found was high, the mortality was strong, corresponding with that of developing countries. These results will allow to set up a targeted program of prevention and to estimate the efficiency of interventions.

关键词： Nosocomial Infections Risk Stratification Incidence Prevention Intensive Care

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Adult Urological Cancers at Zinder National Hospital

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第5期14卷 267-276页

作者： Halidou Maazou Manzo M. S. Ousmane Chaibou Soumana Abdoulaye Kodo Idrissa Seriba Abdoulrazak R. H. Zakou Soumana Amadou department of Urology University of Zinder Zinder Niger department of Urologie University of Niamey Niamey Niger department of Mé dicale Oncology National H&#244pital of Zinder Zinder Niger department of Anatomy Pathology Universit&#233 of Zinder Zinder Niger

The aim of this study was to present the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of adult urological cancers in the department of urology at Zinder National Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of adult primary urologic cancers during the period of January 2019 to December 2023. Data were obtained from the record of patients admitted to urology, and the medical oncology department. The parameters studied were;frequency, age, sex, urogenital distribution, anatomopathological type, and therapeutic aspects. Data were recorded on Excel 2013 and analyzed with Epi-info version 7.2.5. Results: Epidemiology: About 289 cancers were diagnosed through 6017 consultations during the period, corresponding to 4.80% of urological pathologies: prostate cancer (n = 221;76.47%), bladder cancer (n = 46;15.92%), kidney cancer (n = 13;04.5%), testis cancer (n = 09;03.11%). Median age of patients was 50.42 years. Prostate cancer: was Adenocarcinoma in 100% (n = 221) with Gleason scores > 7 (77.83%) and prostatique specific antigen (PSA) > 20 ng/ml in 90.04%. Extension evaluation 134 cases (60.63%). Treatment was chirurgical castration in (62.44%) and resistance to castration appeared between 8 and 11 months. Hospital mortality for prostate cancer was 16.29%. Bladder cancer was found in 46 cases with Sex ratio 7/1. Cystoscopy was performed for all. Histology revealed squamous cell carcinoma (n = 41;89.13%), and (n = 5;10.87%) urothelial. Endoscopic resection performed (n = 14;30.43%). Kidney cancers were 13 cases (10 men, 03 women). Nephrectomy was performed in (n = 8;61.54%) cases and Histology revealed renal cell cancer in 76.92%. Testicular cancers were diag 09 cases. History of cryptorchidism was found in 4 cases, 4-year infertility in 3 cases. Orchidectomy was done in all cases. Chemotherapy in 3 cases. Conclusion: urological cancers are frequent, dominated by prostate cancer. The endemicity of bilharziasis has increased squamous cell carcinoma. T

关键词： Urologic Cancers Epidemiology Histology Zinder

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Contractile effect of 6β-acetoxy nortropane on human and guinea pig airways

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中国药理学报 1998年第3期19卷 211-217页

作者：张勇 department of Pharmacology Shanghai Second Medical University Shanghai 200025 China Fac. de Med. Paris-Ouest 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine 75270 Paris Cedex 06 France Centre Hospitalier de Versailles 78150 Le Chesnay France Ctr. Medico-chirurgical du val d'Or 16 rue Pasteur 92210 Saint-Cloud France

目的：研究６β乙酰氧基去甲托烷（６βＡＮ）对支气管平滑肌的收缩作用．方法：不同ＭＲ拮抗剂对６βＡＮ作用的影响；ＨＰＬＣ法测定６βＡＮ对支气管平滑肌细胞内磷酸肌醇（ＩＰ）的影响；通过６βＡＮ对异丙肾上腺素（... 详细信息

目的：研究６β乙酰氧基去甲托烷（６βＡＮ）对支气管平滑肌的收缩作用．方法：不同ＭＲ拮抗剂对６βＡＮ作用的影响；ＨＰＬＣ法测定６βＡＮ对支气管平滑肌细胞内磷酸肌醇（ＩＰ）的影响；通过６βＡＮ对异丙肾上腺素（Ｉｓｏ）功能拮抗模型，观察６βＡＮ对Ｍ２Ｒ的作用．结果：（１）６βＡＮ对人及豚鼠气管的收缩强度大于ＡＣｈ，分别为６８和２４５倍；（２）阿托品（Ｍ１－Ｍ３）和ｐａｒａｆｌｕｏｒｏｈｅｘａｈｙｄｒｏｓｉｌａｄｉｆｅｎｉｄｏｌ（Ｍ３）抑制６βＡＮ的作用；（３）６βＡＮ引起平滑肌细胞内ＩＰ浓度升高；（４）６βＡＮ对Ｉｓｏ的功能性拮抗作用，在ｍｅｔｈｏｃｔｒａｍｉｎｅ（Ｍ２）０３μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时减弱或消失．结论：６βＡＮ通过激活Ｍ３Ｒ引起支气管平滑肌收缩；其对Ｉｓｏ的功能拮抗，部分是激活Ｍ２Ｒ所致．

关键词：去甲托烷呼吸道

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Is there a rationale for short cardioplegia re-dosing intervals?

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World Journal of Cardiology 2015年第10期7卷 658-664页

作者： Yves D Durandy department of Intensive Care and Perfusion Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue

While cardioplegia has been used on millions of patients during the last decades, the debate over the best technique is still going on. Cardioplegia is not only meant to provide a non-contracting heart and a field without blood, thus avoiding the risk of gas emboli, but also used for myocardial protection. Its electromechanical effect is easily confirmed through direct vision of the heart and continuous electrocardiogram monitoring, but there is no consensus on the best way to assess the quality of myocardial protection. The optimal approach is thus far from clear and the considerable amount of literature on the subject fails to provide a definite answer. Cardioplegia composition(crystalloid vs blood, with or without various substrate enhancement), temperature and site(s) of injection have been extensively researched. While less frequently studied, re-dosing interval is also an important factor. A common and intuitive idea is that shorter redosing intervals lead to improved myocardial protection. A vast majority of surgeons use re-dosing intervals of 20-30 min, or even less, during coronary artery bypass graft and multidose cardioplegia has been the "gold standard" for decades. However, one-shot cardioplegia is becoming more commonly used and is likely to be a valuable alternative. Some surgeons prefer the comfort of single-shot cardioplegia while others feel more confident with shorter re-dosing intervals. There is no guarantee that a single strategy can be safely applied to all patients, irrespective of their age, comorbidities or cardiopathy. The goal of this review is to discuss the rationale for short re-dosing intervals.

关键词： Myocardial protection Del Nido cardioplegia Contin

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Spontaneous Pneumothorax Complicating Miliary Tuberculosis: About a Case at the “Centre Medical Principal De La Gendarmerie Nationale Du Mali”

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2023年第2期11卷 67-73页

作者： Souleymane Coulibaly Marius Pembé Sanou Kassim Sidibe Ladji Mohamed Diaby Lassina Diallo Daouda Amara Traore Salif Kone Ami Diarra Salif Sow Abasse Sanogo Salif Satao Mamadou Cherif Kante Mahamadou Coulibaly Aminata Bagayoko Soumaila Keita Polyclinique des Armées Kati Mali Centre Médical Principal de la Gendarmerie Nationale Bamako Mali Centre Médico-chirurgical des Armées Bamako Mali Service de Pneumologie CHU Point G Bamako Mali

Introduction: Spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare but serious complication of tuberculosis. Miliary tuberculosis (MT) is a severe form of tuberculosis secondary to hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Objective: To report a case of MT complicated by pneumothorax. Methodology: This was a 25-year-old patient, farmer, followed up at the Pneumo-phtisiology department of the CHU du Point G for MT whose condition was improving after the introduction of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. He consulted again after experiencing chest pain. Clinical and imaging revealed a Spontaneous pneumothorax complicating MT. The treatment combined anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, chest drainage and respiratory physiotherapy. Outcome was favorable with improvement of clinical and radiological signs. Conclusion: Pneumothorax complicating MT requires a reflective diagnostic approach and rapid management to improve its prognosis.

关键词： Spontaneous Pneumothorax Miliary Tuberculosis Antituberculous Chemotherapy Pleural Drainage Respiratory Physiotherapy

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Impact of Therapeutic Education on the Viral Load of HIV Infected Children and Adolescents on Antiretroviral Therapy at the Douala Laquintinie Hospital, Cameroon

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2019年第3期10卷 109-121页

作者： Calixte Ida Penda Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek Serge Clotaire Bilong Loic-Ardin Boupda Cécile Okala Francis Atéba Ndongo Grace Dallé Ngondi Else C. Moukoko Eboumbou Louis Richard Njock Olivier Koki Ndombo Clinical Sciences department Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laquintinie Hospital Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Division of Operational Research in Health Ministry of Public Health of Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon National HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance and Prevention Working Group Yaoundé Cameroon Groupe Technique Central—CNLS Yaoundé Cameroon Biological Sciences department Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Clinical Biology Laboratory General Hospital Douala Cameroon chirurgical department Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Chantal Biya Foundation Mother-Child Centre Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: One of the biggest challenges for HIV-infected adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the long-term maintenance of viral suppression, which is the third 90% goal of UNAIDS. Therapeutic Education (TE), process of acquiring abilities and skills that help the patient to live optimally with his illness is one of the strategies that contribute to the achievement of viral suppression through the therapeutic adhesion contract and the follow-up of the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of TE on the virologic response of children and adolescents aged 8 - 19 under ART and followed up at the Laquintinie Hospital of Douala (LHD). Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pediatric Unit of the HIV/AIDS Accredited Treatment Center (ATC) at LHD from February to May 2016. Children and adolescents aged 8 to 19 years on ART, followed in ATC/LHD whose parents had agreed to participate in the study, and who had achieved at least one viral load before and after initiation of TE, were recruited consecutively during routine medical follow-up. Data were collected from patients’ medical records and questionnaires administered to study participants. Results: A total of 198 children and adolescents were included in this study with an average age of 14 years (±3). In this study population, 86.1% of children aged 8 - 10 years had acquired knowledge of the importance of taking medications, 95.4% and 97.3% of adolescents aged 11 - 14 years and 15 - 19 years had knowledge of medication schedules respectively. Among children and adolescents with undetectable viral load prior to initiation of TE, 76.5% maintained an undetectable viral load after initiation of TE. In addition, 72.3% of those whose viral load was detectable before initiation of TE had acquired an undetectable or decreasing viral load after initiation of TE. The only exposure factor significantly associated with maintaining undetectable viral load after initiation of TE was

关键词： HIV Children Adolescents Therapeutic Education Cameroon

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Anatomical morphology of the aortic valve in Chinese aortic stenosis patients and clinical results after downsize strategy of transcatheter aortic valve replacement

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第24期135卷 2968-2975页

作者： Guannan Niu Walid Ben Ali Moyang Wang Hasan Jilaihawi Haitong Zhang Qian Zhang Yunqing Ye Xinmin Liu Jing Yao Qinghao Zhao Yubin Wang Zheng Zhou Lizhi Zhang Xinshuang Ren Yunqiang An Bin Lu Thomas Modine Yongjian Wu Guangyuan Song department of Cardiology Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseaseChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China Structural Heart Intervention Program Department of SurgeryMontreal Heart InstituteMontreal H1T 1C8QuebecCanada Heart Valve Center NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10016USA Interventional Center of Valvular Heart Disease Anzhen Hospital Affiliate of Capital University of Medical SciencesBeijing 100029China Eagles Corelab. YingKe Medical(Beijing)Co.LtdBeijing 100160China department of Radiology Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China Service Médico-chirurgical:Valvulopathies-Chirurgie Cardiaque-Cardiologie Interventionelle Structurelle Hôpital Cardiologique de Haut LévèqueCHU BordeauxBordeaux 33000France

Background:The study aimed to describe the aortic valve morphology in Chinese patients underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis(AS),and the impact of sizing strategies and related procedural ***:Patients with severe AS who underwent TAVR were consecutively enrolled from 2012 to *** anatomy and morphology of the aortic root were assessed."Downsize"strategy was preformed when patients had complex *** clinical outcomes of patients who performed downsize strategy were compared with those received annular sizing *** primary outcome was device success rate,and secondary outcomes included Valve Academic Research Consortium-3 clinical outcomes variables based on 1-year ***:A total of 293 patients were *** them,95 patients(32.4%)had bicuspid aortic *** calcium volume(Hounsfield Unit-850)of aortic root was 449.90(243.15-782.15)*** is distributed mostly on the leaflet *** strategy was performed in 204 patients(69.6%).Compared with the patients who performed annular sizing strategy,those received downsize strategy achieved a similar device success rate(82.0%[73]vs.83.3%[170],P=0.79).Aortic valve gradients(downsize strategy group *** sizing group,11.28 mmHg vs.11.88 mmHg,P=0.64)and percentages of patients with moderate or severe paravalvular regurgitation 2.0%(4/204)vs.4.5%(4/89),P=0.21were similar in the two groups at 30 days after *** echocardiographic results were sustainable for one ***:Chinese TAVR patients have more prevalent bicuspid morphology and large calcium volume of aortic *** is distributed mostly on the leaflet *** with annular sizing strategy,downsize strategy provided a non-inferior device success rate and transcatheter heart valve hemodynamic performance in self-expanding TAVR procedure.

关键词： Aortic stenosis China Sizing strategy Transcatheter aortic valve replacement Aortic valve Morphology

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运动CT心肌灌注成像对冠状动脉狭窄功能意义的诊断

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国际医学放射学杂志 2015年第3期 267-267页

作者： M.Habis S.Ghostine A.Rohnean A.Capderou J.F.Paul 陈娇 department of Cardiology Centre Medico Chirurgical Parly 2Le Chesnay France

目的评估运动CT应用于怀疑有血流动力学意义上冠状动脉狭窄病人的可行性。方法这项研究通过机构伦理委员会的批准,所有的病人签署知情同意书。连续纳入32

关键词：心肌灌注成像功能意义冠状动脉狭窄 CT

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Hypoglycemia Controlled by Prednisone in an Occult Insulinoma or a Nesidioblastosis

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2019年第6期9卷 69-73页

作者： Annelie Kérékou Siham El Aziz Alihonou Dédjan Asma Chadli Ahmed Farouqi Endocrinology Metabolism and Nutrition Department CNHU-HKM Cotonou Benin Endocrinology Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases Department Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center Casablanca Morocco

Insulinoma is a pancreatic endocrine tumor lower in size than 20 mm in 80% of the cases and his treatment is chirurgical. However, in certain circumstances such as an occult location or circumstances of metastases, medical treatment is called for. Observation: A 29 years old patient with no specific pathological antecedents has presented severe hypoglycemia mainly in the morning. A patient was in a generally good condition. The fasting test revealed an inappropriate secretion of insulin at a venous glycemia of 0.35 g/l;which was corroborated by Turner index and altered glucose insulin index that we calculated. Moreover, the 8 h cortisolemia was normal at 90.13 ng/l, the TSH was normal at 1.44 μui/l, anti-insulin antibodies were negative at 6.7 U/l;the search of hypoglycemic sulfonamides was negative. Morphologically, she had three pancreatic tomodensitometry these were normal. She also had echo-endoscopy which showed a normal pancreas. The surgical exploration with preoperative echo is advised only after surgeon’s assessment when the technical conditions are not put together. The diagnosis of the occult insulinoma or of nesidioblastosis was retained. The medical treatment was retained. Due to the unavailability of diazoxide in our pharmacies and the high cost of analogs of somatostatine, she was provided with prednisone 0.5 mg/kg/24h which was 40 mg/day after common agreement. The evolution was favorable. Conclusion: It should be noticed that medical treatment can be suggested if insulinoma is not localized. This observation proves that the localization of the insulinoma can be unsuccessful. It should also be noticed that our experience is the fourth described in literature, where hypoglycemia in insulinomas is controlled by prednisone.

关键词： Hypoglycemia Insulinoma Nesidioblastosis Prednisone

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