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High photoelectric conversion efficiency and fast relaxation time of FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3) applied in ultrafast modulation of terahertz waves

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 299-305页

作者： Zhibo Xu Ying Zeng Xinran Zhao Xiaoyin Chen Aoyu Fan Furi Ling Jiang Li Jianquan Yao School of Optics and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Institute of Fluid Physics China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900SichuanChina School of Information Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina national Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina Hubei Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Networks Wuhan 430070HubeiChina

Active control of terahertz(THz)waves is attracting tremendous attentions in terahertz communications and active photonic devices.Perovskite,due to its excellent photoelectric conversion performance and simple manufacturing process,has emerged as a promising candidate for optoelectronic applications.However,the exploration of perovskites in optically controlled THz modulators is still limited.In this work,the photoelectric properties and carrier dynamics of FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)perovskite films were investigated by optical pumped terahertz probe(OPTP)system.The ultrafast carrier dynamics reveal that FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)thin film exhibits rapid switching and relaxation time within picosecond level,suggesting that FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)is an ideal candidate for active THz devices with ultrafast response.Furthermore,as a proof of concept,a FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)-based metadevice with integrating plasma-induced transparency(PIT)effect was fabricated to achieve ultrafast modulation of THz wave.The experimental results demonstrated that the switching time of FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)-based THz modulator is near to 3.5 ps,and the threshold of optical pump is as low as 12.7μJ cm^(-2).The simulation results attribute the mechanism of ultrafast THz modulation to photo-induced free carriers in the FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)layer,which progressively shorten the capacitive gap of PIT resonator.This study not only illuminates the potential of FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)in THz modulation,but also contributes to the field of ultrafast photonic devices.

关键词： Terahertz modulation Perovskites Metamaterials Plasmon-induced transparency

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Chromatin accessibility landscapes revealed the subgenome-divergent regulation networks during wheat grain development

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aBIOTECH 2023年第1期4卷 8-19页

作者： Hongcui Pei Yushan Li Yanhong Liu Pan Liu Jialin Zhang Xueni Ren Zefu Lu Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Development of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)grain mainly depends on the processes of starch synthesis and storage protein accumulation,which are critical for grain yield and quality.However,the regulatory network underlying the transcriptional and physiological changes of grain development is still not clear.Here,we combined ATAC-seq and RNA-seq to discover the chromatin accessibility and gene expression dynamics during these processes.We found that the chromatin accessibility changes are tightly associated with differential transcriptomic expressions,and the proportion of distal ACRs was increased gradually during grain development.Specific transcription factor(TF)binding sites were enriched at different stages and were diversified among the 3 subgenomes.We further predicted the potential interactions between key TFs and genes related with starch and storage protein biosynthesis and found different copies of some key TFs played diversified roles.Overall,our findings have provided numerous resources and illustrated the regulatory network during wheat grain development,which would shed light on the improvement of wheat yields and qualities.

关键词： Wheat Chromatin accessibility Subgenome-divergence Regulatory network Grain development

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Toward A New Paradigm of Genomics Research——Celebration of the 20th Anniversary of Beijing Institute of Genomics

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第5期21卷 904-909页

作者： Zhang Zhang Songnian Hu Jun Yu national Genomics Data Center Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Twenty years after the completion and forty years after the proposal of the Human Genome Project(HGP),genomics,together with its twin field-bioinformatics,has entered a new paradigm,where its bioscience-related,discipline-centric applications have been creating many new research frontiers.Beijing Institute of Genomics(BIG),now also known as China national Center for Bioinformation(CNCB),will play key roles in supporting and participating in these frontier research activities.On the 20th anniversary of the establishment of BIG,we provide a brief retrospective of its historic events and ascertain strategic research directions with a broader vision for future genomics,where digital genome,digital medicine,and digital health are so structured to meet the needs of human life and healthcare,as well as their related metaverses.

关键词： Genomics Bioinformatics BIG CNCB NGDC

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Reconstructing coherent dynamics of bound states induced by strong attosecond XUV pulses

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chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 56-63页

作者：贾利娟刘明清王新强徐龙闫培光姜维超傅立斌 Institute of Quantum Precision Measurement College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Physics Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Graduate School of China academy of Engineering Physics Beijing 100193China

We propose a scheme that utilizes weak-field-induced quantum beats to investigate the electronic coherences of atoms driven by a strong attosecond extreme ultraviolet(XUV)pulse.The technique involves using a strong XUV pump pulse to excite and ionize atoms and a time-delayed weak short pulse to probe the photoelectron signal.Our theoretical analysis demonstrates that the information regarding the bound states,initiated by the strong pump pulse,can be precisely reconstructed from the weak-field-induced quantum beat spectrum.To examine this scheme,we apply it to the attosecond XUV laser-induced ionization of hydrogen atoms by solving a three-dimensional time-dependent Schr?dinger equation.This work provides an essential reference for reconstructing the ultrafast dynamics of bound states induced by strong XUV attosecond pulses.

关键词： attosecond pulse bound-state dynamics quantum beats

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VLP:A Survey on Vision-language Pre-training

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第1期20卷 38-56页

作者： Fei-Long Chen Du-Zhen Zhang Ming-Lun Han Xiu-Yi Chen Jing Shi Shuang Xu Bo Xu Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

In the past few years,the emergence of pre-training models has brought uni-modal fields such as computer vision(CV)and natural language processing(NLP)to a new era.Substantial works have shown that they are beneficial for downstream uni-modal tasks and avoid training a new model from scratch.So can such pre-trained models be applied to multi-modal tasks?Researchers have ex-plored this problem and made significant progress.This paper surveys recent advances and new frontiers in vision-language pre-training(VLP),including image-text and video-text pre-training.To give readers a better overall grasp of VLP,we first review its recent ad-vances in five aspects:feature extraction,model architecture,pre-training objectives,pre-training datasets,and downstream tasks.Then,we summarize the specific VLP models in detail.Finally,we discuss the new frontiers in VLP.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first survey focused on VLP.We hope that this survey can shed light on future research in the VLP field.

关键词： Vision and language pre-training transformers multimodal learning representation learning

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The effect of Jiangan Xiaozhi Formula on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Clinical Research Communications 2024年第2期7卷 23-26页

作者： Si Wang Jia Zhu Ning Wang Jia-Bao Liao Yunnan University of chinese Medicine Kunming 650599China Department of Emergency Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiaxing 314001China.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Jiangan Xiaozhi Formula(JGXZ)on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:Between September 2022 and December 2023,our hospital admitted a total of 58 patients with NAFLD.These patients were split into two groups at random:one for experimentation and the other for control.There were 27 patients in the experimental group at the end,compared to 26 in the control group,reasonable exercise,weight management,lipid regulation,and oral polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules(PPC).The experimental group received JGXZ in addition to the above treatments for 12 consecutive weeks.Changes in Traditional chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,blood lipids,liver function indicators,the levels of oxidative stress markers,such as malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and superoxide dismutase(SOD),as well as serum inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),were measured both before and after treatment.Results:After treatment,both groups showed significant reductions in TCM syndrome scores(P<0.05)and improvements in blood lipids,liver function indicators,inflammatory factors,and oxidative stress markers(P<0.05).Improvements were noticeably better in the experimental group than in the control group.(P<0.05).Conclusion:JGXZ can significantly improve clinical symptoms,regulate blood lipids,and protect liver function in patients with NAFLD.Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting inflammatory responses and regulating the balance of the oxidation-antioxidation system.

关键词： Jiangan Xiaozhi Formula non-alcoholic fatty liver disease oxidative stress response inflammatory factors

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Hybrid Navigation Method for Multiple Robots Facing Dynamic Obstacles

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2022年第6期27卷 894-901页

作者： Kaidong Zhao Li Ning Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

With the continuous development of robotics and artificial intelligence,robots are being increasingly used in various applications.For traditional navigation algorithms,such as Dijkstra and A*,many dynamic scenarios in life are difficult to cope with.To solve the navigation problem of complex dynamic scenes,we present an improved reinforcement-learning-based algorithm for local path planning that allows it to perform well even when more dynamic obstacles are present.The method applies the gmapping algorithm as the upper layer input and uses reinforcement learning methods as the output.The algorithm enhances the robots’ability to actively avoid obstacles while retaining the adaptability of traditional methods.

关键词： simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM) reinforcement learning multirobots dynamic obstacles robot operating system(ROS) navigation

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Biosynthesis of Lacto-N-biose I from starch and N-acetylglucosamine via an in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2023年第3期8卷 555-562页

作者： Lijie Chen Yanmei Qin Long Ma Dongdong Meng Chun You College of Bioengineering Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457China Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjin300308China University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing100049China national Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology Tianjin300308China

Human milk oligosaccharides(HMOs)are very distinctive components in human milk and are beneficial for infant health.Lacto-N-biose I(LNB)is the core structural unit of HMOs,which could be used for the synthesis of other HMOs.In this study,an ATP-free in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem contained four thermostable enzymes(alpha-glucan phosphorylase from Thermococcus kodakarensis,UDP-glucose-hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase from Thermotoga maritima,UDP-glucose 4-epimerase from T.maritima,lacto-N-biose phosphorylase from Clostridium thermobutyricum)were constructed for the biosynthesis of LNB from starch and N-acetylglucosamine(GlcNAc).Under the optimal conditions,0.75 g/L and 2.23 g/L LNB was produced from 1.1 g/L and 4.4 g/L GlcNAc and excess starch,with the molar yield of 39%and 29%based on the GlcNAc concentration,respectively,confirming the feasibility of this in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem for LNB synthesis and shedding light on the biosynthesis of other HMOs using LNB as the core structural unit from low cost polysaccharides.

关键词： Human milk oligosaccharide In vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem Lacto-N-biose I Thermostable enzyme

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The MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 cascade phosphorylates and stabilizes STOP1 to confer aluminum resistance in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2023年第2期16卷 337-353页

作者： Fanglin Zhou Somesh Singh Jie Zhang Qiu Fang Chongyang Li Jiawen Wang Chunzhao Zhao Pengcheng Wang Chao-Feng Huang national Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Shanghai Center for Plant Stress BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of the chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049Cnina

Aluminum(Al)toxicity can seriously restrict crop production on acidic soils,which comprise 40%of the world’s potentially arable land.The zinc finger transcription factor STOP1 has a conserved and essential function in mediating plant Al resistance.Al stress induces STOP1 accumulation via post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.However,the upstream signaling pathway involved in Al-triggered STOP1 accumulation remains unclear.Here,we report that the MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 cascade positively regulates STOP1 phosphorylation and stability.Mutations of MEKK1,MKK1/2,or MPK4 lead to decreased STOP1 stability and Al resistance.Al stress induces the kinase activity of MPK4,which interacts with and phosphorylates STOP1.The phosphorylation of STOP1 reduces its interaction with the F-box protein RAE1 that mediates STOP1 degradation,thereby leading to enhanced STOP1 stability and Al resistance.Taken together,our results suggest that the MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 cascade is important for Al signaling and confers Al resistance through phosphorylation-mediated enhancement of STOP1 accumulation in Arabidopsis.

关键词： aluminum resistance Arabidopsis thaliana MAPK cascade MPK4 STOP1 phosphorylation STOP1 stability

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Novel high-entropy oxides for energy storage and conversion:From fundamentals to practical applications

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第5期8卷 1341-1357页

作者： Zi-Yu Liu Yu Liu Yujie Xu Hualiang Zhang Zongping Shao Zhenbin Wang Haisheng Chen Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Curtin University Australia Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon999077Hong KongChina Dalian national Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China

High-entropy oxides(HEOs)are gaining prominence in the field of electrochemistry due to their distinctive structural characteristics,which give rise to their advanced stable and modifiable functional properties.This review presents fundamental preparations,incidental characterizations,and typical structures of HEOs.The prospective applications of HEOs in various electrochemical aspects of electrocatalysis and energy conversion-storage are also summarized,including recent developments and the general trend of HEO structure design in the catalysis containing oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),supercapacitors(SC),lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),and so forth.Moreover,this review notes some apparent challenges and multiple opportunities for the use of HEOs in the wide field of energy to further guide the development of practical applications.The influence of entropy is significant,and high-entropy oxides are expected to drive the improvement of energy science and technology in the near future.

关键词： High-entropy oxides Electrochemistry Energy storage and conversion

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