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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第8期137卷 883-886页

作者： Wang Xiaoshuang Wang Jing Cheng Tao Institute of Basic medical sciences chinese academy of medical sciences & 3. peking union medical college 4. Beijing 100005 5. China

Strengthening the Disciplinary Construction of History of Medicine: A Call for Action by chinese academy of medical sciences & peking union medical college

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chinese medical sciences Journal 2023年第2期38卷 94-96页

作者： Jian-Hong Yao Da-Qing Zhang Xin-Zhong Yu Shu-Jian Zhang Yong-An Zhang Xiang-Yin Yang Zhong He Huan Liu Yong Wang Yue-Ying Jin School of medical Humanities and Social sciences Peking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBejing 100730China School of medical Humanities Peking UniversityBejing 100191China Faculty of History Nankai UniversityTianjin 300072China institute of chinese medical Literature and Culture Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan250355China college of Liberal Arts Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of History Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100086China

Recent years have witnessed a dynamic develop of peking union medical college(PUMC),which was founded in 1921,and chinese academy of medical sciences(CAMS),which was founded in 1956.In the new era of building a"Healthy China",General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized the importance of a profound understanding of the chinese civilization to let the world better know and understand China,and urged efforts to combine theories and practices to expound how to better uphold the chinese path,promote the chinese spirit,and pool together the chinese strength[1].As an active response,PUMC organized the first Conference of History of Medicine on May 20-21,2023[2],Based on the rich history of PUMC and with an attempt to explore history,inherit the traditional chinese culture,and promote the spirit of modern medicine,we issued the following call at the conference。

关键词： History combine peking

Prevalence and risk factors of chronic post-thoracotomy pain in chinese patients from peking union medical college Hospital

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chinese medical Journal 2012年第17期125卷 3033-3038页

作者： WANG Hai-tang LIU Wei LUO Ai-lun MA Chao HUANG Yu-guang Department of Anesthesiology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medicine Science Beijing 100730 China Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology Peking Union Medical College School of Basic Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Beijing 100005 China

Background In clinical practice, the mechanisms underlying chronic post-surgical pain （CPSP） remain insufficiently understood. The primary goals of this study were to determine the incidence of chronic pain after thoracic surgery and to identify possible risk factors associated with the development of chronic post-thoracotomy pain in chinese patients. The secondary goal was to determine whether the difference between pre- and post-operative white blood cell （WBC） counts could predict the prevalence of CPSP after thoracotomy. The impact of chronic pain on daily life was also investigated. Methods We contacted by phone 607 patients who had undergone thoracotomy at our hospital during the period February 2009 to May 2010. Statistical comparisons were made between patients with or without CPSP. Results Results were ultimately analyzed from 466 qualified patients. The overall incidence of CPSP was 64.5%. Difference between pre- and post-operative WBC counts differed significantly between patients with or without CPSP （P 〈0.001） and was considered as an independent risk factor for the development of CPSP following thoracotomy （P 〈0.001）. Other predictive factors for chronic pain included younger age （〈60 years, P 〈0.001）, diabetes mellitus （P=0.023）, acute post-operative pain （P=0.005） and the duration of chest tube drainage （P 〈0.001）. At the time of interviews, the pain resulted in at least moderate restriction of daily activities in 15% of the patients, of which only 16 patients had paid a visit to the doctor and only three of them were satisfied with the therapeutic effects, Conclusions Chronic pain is common after thoracotomy. WBC count may be a new independent risk factoring surgical patients during peri-operative period. Besides, age, diabetes mellitus, acute post-operative pain, and duration of chest tube drainage may also play a role in chronic post-surgical pain occurrence.

关键词： chronic post-surgical pain risk filctor white blood cell count thoracotomy incidence

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma chemoresistance:From metabolism reprogramming to novel treatment

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chinese medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 408-420页

作者： Jingcheng Zhang Yutong Wang Lejunzi Wang Lei You Taiping Zhang Department of General Surgery Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China peking union medical college Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Anaesthesia Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Clinical Immunology Centre Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

As pancreatic cancer(PC)is highly malignant,its patients tend to develop metastasis at an early stage and show a poor response to conventional chemotherapies.First-line chemotherapies for PC,according to current guidelines,include fluoropyrimidine-and gemcitabine-based regimens.Accumulating research on drug resistance has shown that biochemical metabolic aberrations in PC,especially those involving glycolysis and glutamine metabolism,are highly associated with chemoresistance.Additionally,lipid metabolism is a major factor in chemoresistance.However,emerging compounds that target these key metabolic pathways have the potential to overcome chemoresistance.This review summarizes how PC develops chemoresistance through aberrations in biochemical metabolism and discusses novel critical targets and pathways within cancer metabolism for new drug research.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Drug resistance Drug development Signal transduction

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment

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chinese medical Journal 2023年第8期136卷 899-909页

作者： Kaiwen Li Gechong Ruan Shuang Liu Tianming Xu Kai Guan Ji Li Jingnan Li Department of Gastroenterology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Allergy Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis(EGE)is a gastrointestinal disorder of unclear etiology that is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the stomach and small intestine,and consists of mucosal,muscular,and serosal subtypes.Eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract is a fundamental histopathological characteristic of EGE and is driven by several T-helper type 2(Th2)-dependent cytokines and induced by food allergy.Due to the lack of a diagnostic gold standard,EGE has a high rate of delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis.However,several new diagnostic strategies have been developed,such as novel genetic biomarkers and imaging tests.Although dietary therapy and corticosteroids remain the common choices for EGE treatment,recent decades have seen the emergence of novel treatment alternatives,such as biologics that target particular molecules involved in the pathogenic process.Preliminary investigations and clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of biologics and provided additional insights for the era of refractory or corticosteroid-dependent EGE biologics.

关键词： Eosinophilic gastroenteritis Pathogenesis Diagnosis Treatment

Colorectal Cancer Screening in China:Status,Challenges,and Prospects——China,2022

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China CDC weekly 2022年第15期4卷 322-328页

作者： Hongda Chen Bin Lu Min Dai medical Research Center Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

Colorectal cancer(CRC)ranks third among the most commonly diagnosed cancers in China.Despite proof that screening can decrease CRC incidence and mortality,there are still gaps remaining between CRC screening objectives and reality in China.In this review,we provided an overview of the status of CRC screening in China.First,we summarized the current CRC screening programs and strategies in China.Second,we reviewed the authoritative CRC screening and early detection guidelines in China to orient future evidence-based guideline development.Finally,we identified current challenges and further provided some suggestions to improve the implementation of CRC screening programs.To maximize the effectiveness of CRC screening,further research on risk prediction models including polygenic risk scores and prior screening outcomes,novel biomarkers and artificial intelligence,and personalized screening strategies are recommended.Both cohort study and microsimulation techniques are recommended for long-term evaluations of the effectiveness of CRC screening strategies.

关键词： summarized spite screening

Immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases

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chinese medical Journal 2023年第13期136卷 1523-1531页

作者： Yuxi Wei Yan Xu Mengzhao Wang Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China peking union medical college(PUMC)and chinese academy of medical sciences Beijing 100730China

Lung cancer has the highest risk of brain metastasis(BM)among all solid carcinomas.The emergence of BM has a significant impact on the selection of oncologic treatment for patients.Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are the most promising treatment option for patients without druggable mutations and have been shown to improve survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)BM in clinical trials with good safety.Moreover,ICI has shown certain effects in NSCLC BM,and the overall intracranial efficacy is comparable to extracranial efficacy.However,a proportion of patients showed discordant responses in primary and metastatic lesions,suggesting that multiple mechanisms may exist underlying ICI activity in BM.According to studies pertaining to tumor immune microenvironments,ICIs may be capable of provoking immunity in situ.Meanwhile,systematic immune cells activated by ICIs can migrate into the central nervous system and exert antitumor effects.This review summarizes the present evidence for ICI treatment efficacy in NSCLC BM and proposes the possible mechanisms of ICI treatment for NSCLC BMs based on existing evidence.

关键词： Non-small cell lung cancer Brain metastases Immune checkpoint inhibitor Tumor immune microenvironment

Helicobacter pylori may participate in the development of inflammatory bowel disease by modulating the intestinal microbiota

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chinese medical Journal 2022年第6期135卷 634-638页

作者： Xiaoyin Bai Lingjuan Jiang Gechong Ruan Tingting Liu Hong Yang Department of Gastroenterology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of medical Research Center Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a non-specific inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract that is generally accepted to be closely related to intestinal dysbiosis in the host.GI infections contribute a key role in the pathogenesis of IBD;however,although the results of recent clinical studies have revealed an inverse correlation between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection and IBD,the exact mechanism underlying the development of IBD remains unclear.H.pylori,as a star microorganism,has been a focus for decades,and recent preclinical and real-world studies have demonstrated that H.pylori not only affects the changes in the gastric microbiota and microenvironment but also influences the intestinal microbiota,indicating a potential correlation with IBD.Detailed analysis revealed that H.pylori infection increased the diversity of the intestinal microbiota,reduced the abundance of Bacteroidetes,augmented the abundance of Firmicutes,and produced short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria such as Akkermansia.All these factors may decrease vulnerability to IBD.Further studies investigating the H.pylori-intestinal microbiota metabolite axis should be performed to understand the mechanism underlying the development of IBD.

关键词： H.pylori Helicobacter inflammatory

Dysregulated N6-methyladenosine modification in peripheral immune cells contributes to the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 285-302页

作者： Di He Xunzhe Yang Liyang Liu Dongchao Shen Qing Liu Mingsheng Liu Xue Zhang Liying Cui Department of Neurology Peking Union Medical College Hospital(PUMCH)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China medical Doctor Program Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China Neuroscience Center Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurogenerative disorder with uncertain origins.Emerging evidence implicates N6-methyladenosine(m6A)modification in ALS pathogenesis.Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing(MeRIP-seq)and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry were utilized for m6A profiling in peripheral immune cells and serum proteome analysis,respectively,in patients with ALS(n=16)and controls(n=6).The single-cell transcriptomic dataset(GSE174332)of primary motor cortex was further analyzed to illuminate the biological implications of differentially methylated genes and cell communication changes.Analysis of peripheral immune cells revealed extensive RNA hypermethylation,highlighting candidate genes with differential m6A modification and expression,including C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1).In RAW264.7 macrophages,disrupted CX3CR1 signaling affected chemotaxis,potentially influencing immune cell migration in ALS.Serum proteome analysis demonstrated the role of dysregulated immune cell migration in ALS.Cell type-specific expression variations of these genes in the central nervous system(CNS),particularly microglia,were observed.Intercellular communication between neurons and glial cells was selectively altered in ALS CNS.This integrated approach underscores m6A dysregulation in immune cells as a potential ALS contributor.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis N^(6)-methyladenosine epi-transcriptome proteome single cell RNA sequencing analysis CX3CR1

Insights into contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of non-tumorous hepatic vascular malformations

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Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 539-541页

作者： Tianjiao Chen Ke Lv Liang Wang Zhonghui Xu Liang Zhu Jing Zhang Li Tan Jianchu Li Yuxin Jiang Department of Ultrasound Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP.R.China Department of Radiology Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP.R.China

Introduction Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is widely used to evaluate focal hepatic lesions and can be used in patients with renal dysfunction or allergies to iodinated contrast medium.However,the number of studies on CEUS for evaluating hepatic vascular malformations(VMs)is limited,especially regarding its application in routine practice.Some patients who present with suspected focal hepatic lesions have hepatic VMs.The timely and non-invasive diagnosis of hepatic VMs can help guide appropriate treatment,such as interventional therapy or follow-up,to prevent the unnecessary waste of medical resources.This study aimed to discuss the CEUS features of non-tumorous hepatic VMs that can be used in clinical practice.Various hepatic VM diagnoses can be made depending on the different manifestations of hepatic VMs and enhancement of the liver parenchyma during CEUS.

关键词： hepatic routine diagnosis