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An orchestrated ethylene-gibberellin signaling cascade contributes to mesocotyl elongation and emergence of rice direct seeding

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1427-1439页

作者： Yusong Lyu Xinli dong Shipeng Niu ruijie Cao Gaoneng Shao Zhonghua Sheng Guiai Jiao Lihong Xie Shikai Hu Shaoqing Tang Xiangjin Wei Peisong Hu State Key Laboratory of rice Biology and Breeding China National Center for Rice ImprovementChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

A mechanized direct seeding of rice with less labor and water usage,has been widely ***,this approach requires varieties that exhibit uniform seedling *** elongation(ME)offers the main drive of fast emergence of rice seedlings from soils;nevertheless,its genetic basis remains ***,we identify a major rice quantitative trait locus Mesocotyl Elongation1(qME1),an allele of the Green revolution gene Semi-dwarf1(Sd1),encoding GA20-oxidase for gibberellin(GA)***1 expression is strongly induced by soil depth and *** rice grains are direct-seeded in soils,the ethylene core signaling factor OsEIL1 directly promotes ME1 transcription,accelerating bioactive GA *** GAs further degrade the dELLA protein SLENdEr rice 1(SLr1),alleviating its inhibition of rice PHYTOCHrOME-INTErACTING FACTOr-LIKE13(OsPIL13)to activate the downstream expansion gene OsEXPA4 and ultimately promote rice seedling ME and *** ancient traits of long mesocotyl and strong emergence ability in wild rice and landrace were gradually lost in company with the Green revolution dwarf breeding process,and an elite ME1-r allele(d349H)is found in some modern Geng varieties(long mesocotyl lengths)in northern china,which can be used in the direct seeding and dwarf breeding of Geng ***,the ectopic and high expression of ME1 driven by mesocotyl-specific promoters resulted in rice plants that could be direct-seeded without obvious plant architecture or yield ***,we reveal the molecular mechanism of rice ME,and provide useful information for breeding new Green revolution varieties with long mesocotyl suitable for direct-seeding practice.

关键词： rice(Oryza sativa L.) direct seeding Green revolu-tion mesocotyl elongation ethylene gibberellin semi-dwarf1(Sd1)

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Genetic analysis and fine mapping of a grain size QTL in the smallgrain sterile rice line Zhuo201S

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2155-2163页

作者： Bin Lei Jiale Shao Feng Zhang Jian Wang Yunhua Xiao Zhijun Cheng Wenbang Tang Jianmin Wan College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China national Key Facility for Crop Gene resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering research center Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory of hybrid rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterChangsha 410125China

The development and application of the small-grain rice sterile line Zhuo201S(Z201S)has demonstrated its potential for mechanized hybrid rice seed production,leading to significant cost ***,the molecular mechanism responsible for the small-grain size characteristic of Z201S remains *** this study,we conducted a genetic analysis using near-isogenic lines constructed from Z210S,a small-grain rice sterile line,and r2115,a normal-grain *** results revealed that the small-grain trait in Z201S is governed by a single partially dominant gene which also enhances grain *** mapping,we localized the causal gene to the short arm of chromosome 2,within a 113 kb physical region delimited by the molecular markers S2-4-1 and *** analysis and gene expression assays indicated LOC_Os02g14760 as the most likely candidate gene,suggesting that the small-grain size trait of Z201S is controlled by a novel locus that has not been previously identified.

关键词： rice grain size map-based cloning

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Interaction Between Ustilaginoidea virens and rice and Its Sustainable Control

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rice science 2024年第3期31卷 269-284页

作者： ZHANG Fengmin CAO Zhenzhen ZHENG Xin HE Yuntao CHEN Mingxue LIN Xiaoyan rice Product Quality Inspection&Supervision Testing center of Ministry of Agriculture and rural Affairs China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

Ustilaginoidea virens is a common rice pathogen that can easily lead to a decline in rice quality and the production of toxins pose potential risks to human *** this review,we present a comprehensive literature review of research since the discovery of rice false *** provide a comprehensive and,at times,critical overview of the main results and findings from related research,and propose future research ***,we delve into the interaction between *** and rice,including the regulation of transcription factors,the process of *** infecting rice panicles,and the plant immune response caused by rice *** that,we discuss the identification and characterization of mycotoxins produced by the pathogenic fungus,as well as strategies for disease *** emphasize the importance of comprehensive agricultural prevention and control methods for the sustainable management of *** knowledge will update our understanding of the interaction between *** and rice plants,offering a valuable perspective for those interested in ***.

关键词： rice false smut flower-specific infection mycotoxin food safety plant disease

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Carbon Catabolite repressor UvCreA is required for development and Pathogenicity in Ustilaginoidea virens

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rice science 2024年第2期31卷 203-214,I0029-I0031页

作者： XIE Shuwei SHI Huanbin WEN Hui LIU Zhiquan QIU Jiehua JIANG Nan KOU Yanjun State Key Laboratory of rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China

The rice false smut disease, caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, has emerged as a significantglobal threat to rice production. The mechanism of carbon catabolite repression plays a crucial role in theefficient utilization of carbon nutrients and enzyme regulation in the presence of complex nutritionalconditions. Although significant progress has been made in understanding carbon catabolite repression infungi such as Aspergillus nidulans and Magnaporthe oryzae, its role in U. virens remains unclear. Toaddress this knowledge gap, we identified UvCreA, a pivotal component of carbon catabolite repression,in U. virens. Our investigation revealed that UvCreA localized to the nucleus. deletion of UvCreA resultedin decreased growth and pathogenicity in U. virens. Through rNA-seq analysis, it was found that theknockout of UvCreA led to the up-regulation of 514 genes and down-regulation of 640 genes. Moreover,UvCreA was found to be involved in the transcriptional regulation of pathogenic genes and genesassociated with carbon metabolism in U. virens. In summary, our findings indicated that UvCreA isimportant in fungal development, virulence, and the utilization of carbon sources through transcriptionalregulation, thus making it a critical element of carbon catabolite repression.

关键词： Ustilaginoidea virens virulence carbon catabolite repression Oryza sativa rice false smut

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Effect of rice cultivar on greenhouse-gas emissions from rice-fish co-culture

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 888-896页

作者： Kexin Xie Mengjie Wang Xiaodan Wang Fengbo Li Chunchun Xu Jinfei Feng Fuping Fang china national rice research Institute Hangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina

In aquaculture,co-culturing rice with fish may mitigate greenhouse-gas *** this study,co-culture of four rice cultivars in a laboratory-scale rice–fish system reduced CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions relative to fish *** in CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions among rice cultivars primarily stem from the differential effects of rice plants on plant-mediated CH_(4)transport,CH_(4)oxidation and nitrogen absorption.

关键词： Greenhouse gas emissions Aquaculture rice-fish system rice cultivar

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review on Security defense Technology research in Edge Computing Environment

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 1-18页

作者： Ke SHANG Weizhen HE Shuai ZHANG national digital Switching System Engineering and Technological r&d center

Edge computing, which achieves quick data processing by sinking data computing and storage to the network edge, has grown rapidly along with the Internet of things. The new network architecture of edge computing brings new security challenges. Based on this, this paper investigates the edge computing security literature published in recent years and summarizes and analyzes research work on edge computing security from different attack surfaces. We start with the definition and architecture of edge computing. From the attack surface between device and edge server, as well as on edge servers, the research describes the security threats and defense methods of edge computing. In addition, the cause of the attack and the pros and cons of defense methods is introduced. The challenges and future research directions of edge computing are given.

关键词： Cloud computing Systems architecture Computer architecture Network architecture data processing Security Servers

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rNAirport:a deep neural network-based database characterizing representative gene models inplants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第6期51卷 652-664页

作者： Sitao Zhu Shu Yuan ruixia Niu Yulu Zhou Zhao Wang Guoyong Xu State Key Laboratory of hybrid rice Institute for Advanced Studies(IAS)Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

A 5'-leader,known initially as the 5'-untranslated region,contains multiple isoforms due to alternative splicing(aS)and alternative transcription start site(aTSS).Therefore,a representative 5'-leader is demanded to examine the embedded rNA regulatory elements in controlling translation ***,we develop a ranking algorithm and a deep-learning model to annotate representative 5'-leaders for five plant *** rank the intra-sample and inter-sample frequency of aS-mediated transcript isoforms using the Kruskal-Wallis test-based algorithm and identify the representative aS-5'-*** further assign a representative 5'-end,we train the deep-learning model 5'leaderP to learn aTsS-mediated 5'-end distribution patterns from cap-analysis gene expression *** model accurately predicts the 5'-end,confirmed experimentally in Arabidopsis and *** representative 5'-leader-contained gene models and 5'leaderP can be accessed at rNAirport(http:/***/leader5P/).The Stage 1 annotation of 5'-leader records 5'-leader diversity and will pave the way to ribo-Seq open-reading frame annotation,identical to the project recently initiated by human GENCOdE.

关键词： 5'-leader Transcript isoforms rNA regulatory elements UOrF deep learning Synthetic biology Translational control

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A bacterial protein rhp-PSP inhibits plant viral proliferation through endoribonuclease activity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1967-1978页

作者： Lijie Chen Qianze Peng Xiaohua du Weixing Zhang Ju’e Cheng Shu’e Sun deyong Zhang Pin Su Yong Liu Longping Branch College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of hybrid rice/Institute of Plant Protection Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125China

Plant virus causes massive crop losses ***,there is currently no effective measure to control plant viral ***,we identify an antiviral protein rhp-PSP,produced by the bacterial rhodopseudomonas palustris strain *** this study,we discover that the antiviral activity of rhp-PSP relies on its endoribonuclease *** the arginine(r)residue at position 129 onto alanine(A)abolishs its endoribonuclease activity on coat protein(CP)rNA of tobacco mosaic virus(TMV),consequentially,compromises the antiviral activity of *** investigation demonstrates that,the mutant rhp-PSP^(r129A)is unable to form the homotrimer as the wild type,indicating the importance of quaternary junction for the endoribonuclease *** of rhp-PSP in Nicotiana benthamiana significantly enhances the resistance against TMV of seedlings,while expression of rhp-PSP^(r129A)did not,confirming that endoribonuclease activity is responsible for the antiviral activity of *** addition,foliar spray of rhp-PSP solution on tomato and pepper plants significantly reduces the disease index of viral diseases,indicating that rhp-PSP shows potential to develop antiviral agent in practice.

关键词： rhodopseudomonas palustris rhp-PSP tobacco mosaic virus endoribonuclease antiviral activity

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Nitrogen–sulfur co-doped porous carbon derived from asphalt as efficient catalyst for oxygen reduction

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rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 380-388页

作者： Jing-Sheng Ma Ming-Zai Wu Ling Chen Li-Xing Zhang Ying Xiong Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional regulation of hybrid Materials Ministry of EducationInstitute of EnergyHefei Comprehensive National Science CenterAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China

As an environment-friendly and low-cost petrochemical by-product, asphalt has great potential in the preparation of metal-free oxygen reduction electrocatalysts with excellent performance and outstanding stability. In this paper, we converted asphalt into porous carbon nanosheets by a simple activation method, using potassium citrate as the swelling agent.

关键词： stability porous catalyst

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Hierarchical model updating for high-speed maglev vehicle/guideway coupled system based on multiobjective optimization

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 788-804页

作者： dexiang Li Jingyu Huang College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China national Maglev Transportation Engineering r&d center Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

The high-speed maglev vehicle/guideway coupled model is an essential simulation tool for investigating vehicle dynamics and mitigating coupled *** improve its accuracy efficiently,this study investigated a hierarchical model updating method integrated with field ***,a high-speed maglev vehicle/guideway coupled model,taking into account the real effect of guideway material properties and elastic restraint of bearings,was developed by integrating the finite element method,multi-body dynamics,and electromagnetic levitation ***,simultaneous in-site measurements of the vehicle/guideway were conducted on a high-speed maglev test line to analyze the system response and structural modal *** the hierarchical updating,an Elman neural network with the optimal Latin hypercube sampling method was used to substitute the FE guideway model,thus improving the computational *** multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm with the gray relational projection method was applied to hierarchically update the parameters of the guideway layer and magnetic force layer based on the measured modal parameters and the electromagnet vibration,***,the updated coupled model was compared with the field measurements,and the results demonstrated the model’s accuracy in simulating the actual dynamic response,validating the effectiveness of the updating method.

关键词： high-speed maglev vehicle/guideway coupled model field measurement model updating neural network multi-objective optimization

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