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Editing smoke animation using a deforming grid

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Computational Visual Media 2017年第4期3卷 369-378页

作者： Zherong Pan Dinesh Manocha The University of North Carolina at chapel hill NC27514USA

We present a new method for editing smoke animations by directly deforming the grid used for simulation. We present a modification to the widely used semi-Lagrangian advection operator and use it to transfer the deformation from the grid to the smoke body. Our modified operator bends the smoke particle streamlines according to the deformation *** demonstrate that the controlled smoke animation preserves the fine-grained vortical velocity components and incompressibility constraints, while conforming to the deformed grid. Moreover, our approach enables interactive 3D smoke animation editing by using a reduced-dimensional subspace. Overall, our method makes it possible to use current mesh editing tools to control the smoke body.

关键词： smoke animation animation editing mesh editing

Studying human immunology and immunopathology in humanized mice transplanted with human lymphoid tissues and immune cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第3期9卷 191-192页

作者： LishanSu The University of North Carolina at chapel hill Microbiology and Immunology 22-048 Lineberger Cancer Center Chapel Hill USA

The major bottleneck of understanding human immunology and immunopathology is the lack of relevant animal models. A robust small animal model for hypothesis testing and mechanistic research on human immunology is needed and should meet the following criteria. First, it has well-studied hematolymphoid organs and target cells which are human. Second, human immune pathology including infection diseases can be modeled in vivo. Third, it is genetically inbred and can be manipulated via immunological, genetic and pharmacological means. The immunodeficient mouse trans- planted with human immune organs and cells is the obvious candid- ate. A number of human-mouse chimeric models were developed in the late 1980s, but with only limited success,

关键词： Scid-hu Mouse System Model Blood

Mouse modelling of the MDM2/MDMX-p53 signalling axis

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2017年第1期9卷 34-44页

作者： Nicole R. Tackmann Yanping Zhang Department of Radiation Oncology Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27514 USA Curriculum in Genetics and MoLecular Biology School of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HiLl Chapel HILL NC 27514 USA Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy Cancer Institute Xuzhou Medical College Xuzhou 221002 China

It is evident that p53 activity is critical for tumour prevention and stress response through its transcriptional activation of genes affecting cellular senescence, apoptosis, cellular metabolism, and DNA repair. The regulation of p53 is highly complex, and MDM2 and MDMX are thought to be critical for deciding the fate of p53, both through inhibitory binding and post-translational modification. Many mouse models have been generated to study the regulation of p53 in vivo, and they have altered our inter- pretations of how p53 is regulated by MDM2 and MDMX. Although MDM2 is absolutely required for p53 regulation, certain func- tions are dispensable under unstressed conditions, including the ability of MDM2 to degrade p53. MDMX, on the other hand, may only be required in select situations, like embryogenesis. These models have also clarified how cellular stress signals modify the p53-inhibiting activities of MDM2 and MDMX in vivo. It is clear that more work will need to be performed to further understand the contexts for each of these signals and the requirements of various MDM2 and MDMX functions. Here, we will discuss what we have learned from mouse modelling of MDM2 and MDMX and underscore the ways in which these models could inform future therapies.

关键词： p53 MDM2 MDMX E3 ubiquitin ligase cancer

A fiducial approach to the nonparametric deconvolution problem:The discrete case

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第11期67卷 2653-2670页

作者： Yifan Cui Jan Hannig Center for Data Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Statistics and Operations Research University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA

Fiducial inference is applied to nonparametric g-modeling in the discrete *** propose a computationally efficient algorithm to sample from the fiducial distribution and use the generated samples to construct point estimates and confidence *** study the theoretical properties of the fiducial distribution and perform extensive simulations in various *** proposed approach gives rise to good statistical performance in terms of the mean squared error of point estimators and coverage of confidence ***,we apply the proposed fiducial method to estimate the probability of each satellite site being malignant using gastric adenocarcinoma data with 844 patients.

关键词： confidence intervals empirical Bayes fiducial inference nonparametric deconvolution

The SKI proto-oncogene restrains the resident CD103^(+)CD8^(+) T cell response in viral clearance

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第10期18卷 2410-2421页

作者： Bing Wu Ge Zhang Zengli Guo Gang Wang Xiaojiang Xu Jian-liang Li Jason K.Whitmire Junnian Zheng Yisong Y.Wan Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Immunology College of Basic Medical ScienceDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning 116044China Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu221002China Integrative Bioinformatics National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesResearch Triangle ParkChapel HillNC 27709USA Department of Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA

Acute viral infection causes illness and *** addition,an infection often results in increased susceptibility to a secondary infection,but the mechanisms behind this susceptibility are poorly *** its initial identification as a marker for resident memory CD8^(+)T cells in barrier tissues,the function and regulation of CD103 integrin(encoded by ITGAE gene)have been extensively ***,the function and regulation of the resident CD103^(+)CD8^(+)T cell response to acute viral infection remain *** TGFβsignaling is essential for CD103 expression,the precise molecular mechanism behind this regulation is ***,we reveal a TGFβ–SKI–Smad4 pathway that critically and specifically directs resident CD103^(+)CD8^(+)T cell generation for protective immunity against primary and secondary viral *** found that resident CD103^(+)CD8^(+)T cells are abundant in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues from uninfected ***103 acts as a costimulation signal to produce an optimal antigenic CD8^(+)T cell response to acute viral *** is a reduction in resident CD103^(+)CD8^(+)T cells following primary infection that results in increased susceptibility of the host to secondary ***,CD103 expression inversely and specifically correlates with SKI proto-oncogene(SKI)expression but not R-Smad2/3 *** expression of SKI restricts CD103 expression in CD8^(+)T cells in vitro and in vivo to hamper viral ***,SKI is recruited to the Itgae loci to directly suppress CD103 transcription by regulating histone acetylation in a Smad4-dependent *** study therefore reveals that resident CD103^(+)CD8^(+)T cells dictate protective immunity during primary and secondary *** with SKI function may amplify the resident CD103^(+)CD8^(+)T cell response to promote protective immunity.

关键词： CD103 TGFβ SKI Smad4 LCMV infection Histone acetylation

Ultrasound-triggered noninvasive regulation of blood glucose levels using microgels integrated with insulin nanocapsules

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Nano Research 2017年第4期10卷 1393-1402页

作者： Jin Di Jicheng Yu Qun Wang Shanshan Yao Yanqi Ye Matthew Pless Yong Zhu Yun Jing Zhen Gu Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University Raleigh NC27695 USA Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA

Diabetes is a serious public health problem affecting 422 million people worldwide. Traditional diabetes management often requires multiple daily insulin injections, associated with pain and inadequate glycemia control. Herein, we have developed an ultrasound-triggered insulin delivery system capable of pulsatile insulin release that can provide both long-term sustained and fast on-demand responses. In this system, insulin-loaded poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） nanocapsules are encapsulated within chitosan microgels. The encapsulated insulin in nanocapsules can passively diffuse from the nanoparticle but remain restricted within the microgel. Upon ultrasound treatment, the stored insulin in microgels can be rapidly released to regulate blood glucose levels. In a chemically-induced type I diabetic mouse model, we demonstrated that this system, when activated by 30 s ultrasound administration, could effectively achieve glycemic control for up to one week in a noninvasive, localized, and pulsatile manner.

关键词： controlled drug delivery focused ultrasound diabetes nanocapsule microgel

Impact of IL-23 in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第2期24卷 223-224页

作者： Bhalchandra Mirlekar Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill450 West DriveChapel HillNC 27599USA

Cytokines play an essential role in governing the overall immune response toward ***,the role of IL-12 family cytokines in dictating immune response toward cancer has been well appreciated.1 IL-23 is one of such heterodimeric cytokines belonging to the IL-12 family cytokine,composed of p19 and p40 subunits.2 The role of IL-23 in regulating tumorigenesis is *** some cancer settings,IL-23 activates the effector immune system and has antitumorigenic functions;on the other hand,it can support immune regulatory response and favor tumor growth.3 In this issue of Asian Journal of Andrology,Liu et al.4 reported the novel functions of IL-23,a cytokine that regulates both innate and adaptive immune cells;especially,it is well known to maintain Th17 cell phenotype in prostate *** cancer is one of the utmost challenging tumor types and is the most common cancer in men,and one man in eight will be diagnosed with prostate cancer.

关键词： cancer cytokine al

Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana cysteine2/histidine2-type transcription factor 6 gene enhances plant resistance to a bacterial pathogen

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 249-262页

作者： Wei Tang Anna Y.Tang College of Arts and Science East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA 2 Stadium Drive University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA

Transcription factors can be used to engineer plants for enhanced ***,the mechanism(s)by which the C2H2-type zinc fi nger transcription factor enhances pathogen resistance in cells is not fully ***,Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying the gene for Arabidopsis thaliana cysteine2/histidine2-type transcription factor 6(ZAT6)was used to engineer rice(Oryza sativa L.),cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.),and slash pine(Pinus elliottii Engelm.)to generate transgenic cell *** cells were then inoculated with the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas *** to the control,cell viability of transgenic cells increased 39–47%and growth rate increased 9–15%by 7 days after inoculation in rice,cotton and slash *** phosphatase activity and alkaline phosphatase activity and transcript levels of Ca 2+-dependent protein kinase genes OsCPK1,OsCPK2,OsCPK6,and OsCPK8 and mitogen-activated protein kinase genes OsMAPK1,OsMAPK2,OsMAPK3,and OsMAPK8 increased signifi cantly in transgenic rice cells by 3 day after inoculation,and extracellular pH had decreased by 10–14%by 96 min after inoculation in transgenic rice,cotton and slash pine *** results suggest that ZAT6 enhances *** resistance in plant cells by modulating transcription of CPK and MAPK and oxidase activity.

关键词： Ca^2+-dependent protein kinase Mitogenactivated protein kinase Oxidase Pathogen Pinus

Acute coronary syndrome in the older adults

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第2期13卷 101-108页

作者： Xuming DAI Jan Busby-Whitehead Karen P Alexander Division of Cardiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA Division of Geriatric Medicine Center for Aging and Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill North Carolina USA Division of Cardiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina USA

Coronary heart disease remains the leading cause of death in the developed world. Advanced age is the single strongest risk factor for coronary artery disease （CAD） and independent predictor for poor outcomes following an acute coronary syndrome （ACS）. ACS refers to a spectrum of conditions compatible with acute myocardial ischemia and/or infarction due to various degrees of reduction in co- ronary blood flow as a result of plaque rupture/erosion and thrombosis formation or supply and demand mismatch.

关键词： Acute coronary syndrome Aging Coronary artery disease Older adults Risk assessment