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Structural architecture of Neoproterozoic rifting depression groups in the Tarim Basin and their formation dynamics

Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第3期62卷 529-549页

作者： Bizhu HE Cunli JIAO Taizhu HUANG Xingui ZHOU Zhihui CAI Zicheng CAO Zhongzheng JIANG Junwen CUI Zhuoyin YU Weiwei CHEN Ruohan LIU Xiaorui YUN Guangming HAO Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Exploration and Production Research Institute of SINOPEC Institute of Northwestern Petroleum Subsidiary of SINOPEC Oil and Gas investigation centre of China Geological Survey

The Tarim Basin is the largest, oil-bearing, superimposed basin in the northwest of China. The evolution and tectonic properties of the initial Tarim Basin have been hotly disputed and remain enigmatic. The Neoproterozoic basin is covered by a vast desert and a huge-thickness of sedimentary strata, has experienced multiple tectonic movements, had a low signal to noise ratios(SNRs) of deep seismic reflection data, all of which have posed critical obstacles to research. We analysed four field outcrops, 18 wells distributed throughout the basin, 27 reprocessed seismic reflection profiles with higher SNRs across the basin and many ancillary local 2D and 3D profiles and aeromagnetic data. We found about 20 normal fault-controlled rifting depressions of the Cryogenian and Ediacaran scattered throughout the basin, which developed on the Precambrian metamorphic and crystalline basement. The structural framework is clearly different from that of the overlying Phanerozoic. The rifting depressions consist of mainly half grabens, symmetrical troughs and horst-grabens. From the northeast to southwest of the basin,they are divided into three rifting depression groups with the WNW, ENE, and NW-trends that are mainly controlled by normal faults. The maximum thicknesses of the strata are up to 4100 m. From the Cryogenian to Ediacaran, most of the main inherited faults to active and eventually ceased at the end of the Ediacaran or Early Cambrian, while subsidence centres appeared and migrated eastward along the faults. They revealed that the different parts of the Tarim continental block were in NNE-SSWoriented and NNW-SSE-oriented extensional paleo-stress fields(relative to the present) during the Neoproterozoic, and were accompanied by clockwise shearing. According to the analysis of the activities of syn-sedimentary faults, filling sediments,magmatic events, and coordination with aeromagnetic anomalies, the tectonic properties of the fault depressions are different and are primari

关键词： Rifting depression groups Normal faults Extensional and clockwise shearing Cryogenian and Ediacaran Continental rift and intra-continental fault-controlled basin Tarim Basin

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Energy characterization of forced ventilated Photovoltaic-DSF system in hot summer of composite climate

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Energy and Built environment 2024年第5期5卷 704-718页

作者： Sajan Preet Sanjay Mathur Jyotirmay Mathur Manoj Kumar Sharma Amartya Chowdhury School of Built environment University of ReadingUnited Kingdom centre for Energy and environment Malaviya National Institute of TechnologyJLN MargJaipur302017India

Performance of Photovoltaic-double skin façade(Photovoltaic-DSF)system in summer has been *** to high solar ingress,cooling requirement of a building significantly ***-DSF system provides a shield and controls the heat gain through fenestration in the interior *** the present article,mathematical correlations are developed for energy characterization of forced-ventilated Photovoltaic-DSF system in India’s hot summer zone *** Photovoltaic-DSF system has been installed and monitored for Jaipur’s summer months(May to July).L25 Orthogonal array of design parameters(air cavity thickness,air velocity,and PV panel’s transparency)and their respective levels have been developed using Taguchi design to perform *** on experimental results,multiple linear regression has been used to forecast solar heat gain coefficient,PVs electrical power and daylighting illuminance indoors as function of design *** statistical significance of mathematical relationships is sorted by variance analysis,which is found to be in good accord with field measurements(R2>0.90).The proposed correlations are pragmatic in designing Photovoltaic-DSF systems for hot summer *** Photovoltaic-DSF system with 30%transmittance and air velocity of 5 metres per second in 200 mm air cavity thickness achieved maximum energy performance in hot summers.

关键词： Photovoltaic double-skin façade Taguchi method Forced ventilation Net energy consumption Overall energy performance

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Regionalization based on spatial and seasonal variation in ground-level ozone concentrations across China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 179-190页

作者： Linjun Cheng Shuai Wang Zhengyu Gong Hong Li Qi Yang Yeyao Wang School of Water Resources and environment China University of Geosciences China National environmental Monitoring Center State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring Lancaster environment centre Lancaster University

Owing to the vast territory of China and strong regional characteristic of ozone pollution,it＇s desirable for policy makers to have a targeted and prioritized regulation and ozone pollution control strategy in China based on scientific evidences. It＇s important to assess its current pollution status as well as spatial and temporal variation patterns across *** advances of national monitoring networks provide an opportunity to insight the actions of ozone pollution. Here, we present rotated empirical orthogonal function（REOF）analysis that was used on studying the spatiotemporal characteristics of daily ozone concentrations. Based on results of REOF analysis in pollution seasons for 3 years＇ observations, twelve regions with clear patterns were identified in China. The patterns of temporal variation of ozone in each region were separated well and different from each other, reflecting local meteorological, photochemical or pollution features. A rising trend in annual averaged Eight-hour Average Ozone Concentrations（O3-8 hr） from 2014 to 2016 was observed for all regions, except for the Tibetan Plateau. The mean values of annual and 90 percentile concentrations for all 338 cities were 82.6 ± 14.6 and 133.9 ± 25.8 μg/m3,respectively, in 2015. The regionalization results of ozone were found to be influenced greatly by terrain features, indicating significant terrain and landform effects on ozone spatial correlations. Among 12 regions, North China Plain, Huanghuai Plain, Central Yangtze River Plain, Pearl River Delta and Sichuan Basin were realized as priority regions for mitigation strategies, due to their higher ozone concentrations and dense population.

关键词： Ozone Spatiotemporal variability REOF Regionalizstion

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Oxygen tolerance capacity of upflow anaerobic solid-state(UASS) with anaerobic filter(AF) system

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2016年第7期28卷 200-206页

作者： Yao Meng Carsten Jost Jan Mumme Kaijun Wang Bernd Linke State Key Joint Laboratory of environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Department Bioengineering Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering UK Biochar centre School of Geo Sciences University of Edinburgh

In order to investigate the oxygen tolerance capacity of upflow anaerobic solid-state（UASS）with anaerobic filter（AF） system, the effect of microaeration on thermophilic anaerobic digestion of maize straw was investigated under batch conditions and in the UASS with AF system. Aeration intensities of 0–431 m L O2/gvswere conducted as pretreatment under batch conditions. Aeration pretreatment obviously enhanced anaerobic digestion and an aeration intensity of 431 m L O2/gvsincreased the methane yield by 82.2%. Aeration intensities of 0–355 m L O2/gvswere conducted in the process liquor circulation of the UASS with AF system. Dissolved oxygen（DO） of UASS and AF reactors kept around 1.39 ±0.27 and 0.99 ± 0.38 mg/L, respectively. p H was relatively stable around 7.11 ± 0.04. Volatile fatty acids and soluble chemical oxygen demand concentration in UASS reactor were higher than those in AF reactor. Methane yield of the whole system was almost stable at 85 ± 7 m L/gvs as aeration intensity increased step by step. The UASS with AF system showed good oxygen tolerance capacity.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Oxygen tolerance capacity UASS Maize straw Microaeration Solid-state

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A SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION OF GREEN BUILDING RESEARCH IN AFRICA

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Journal of Green Building 2021年第2期16卷 83-96页

作者： O.A.Oguntona C.O.Aigbavboa W.D.Thwala cidb centre of Excellence&Sustainable Human Settlement and Construction Research centre Faculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgSouth Africa SARChI in Sustainable Construction Management and Leadership in the Built environment Faculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgSouth Africa

Owing to the adverse impact of the architecture,engineering and construction indus-try on the human and natural environment,the adoption of green building(GB)has been on the rise *** significant rise in the number of global research output on GB is a pointer to its *** this paper,a novel scientometric analysis of GB research in Africa is *** study aims to analyze and visualize GB research output in Africa from the millennium development goals(MDGs)era up to the present sustainable development goals(SDGs)era.A quantitative method(science mapping)was employed to analyze the 156 bibliometric records gathered from the Scopus *** analysis of the dataset reveals that significant contribu-tions to GB research in Africa originate from Egypt,South Africa,Nigeria,Algeria,Ghana,Morocco,Kenya,Mauritius,Ethiopia and *** research provides stakeholders in the built environment with the requisite knowledge and understand-ing of the trend and state of GB research in Africa,which will help in guiding poli-cymaking,research directions and intervention areas in every sector of the economy.

关键词： Africa built environment green building sustainability sustainable development

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Regulation of natural killer cell activity by glucocorticoids,serotonin,dopamine,and epinephrine

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第7期17卷 705-711页

作者： Silvia Capellino Maren Claus Carsten Watzl Department for Immunology Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors(IfADo)at TU DortmundDortmundGermany

The immune system and the nervous system are highly complex organs composed of various different cells that must interact with each other for proper function of the *** communication can be mediated by soluble *** factors released by the nervous system(neurotransmitters)differ from those released by the immune system(cytokines).Nevertheless,the nervous and immune systems can influence each other’s activity because immune cells express neurotransmitter receptors,and neurons express cytokine ***,immune cells can synthesize and release neurotransmitters themselves,thus using neurotransmittermediated pathways via autocrine and paracrine *** killer(NK)cells are innate lymphocytes that are important for early and effective immune reactions against infections and *** studies have shown the strong influence of stress and the nervous system on NK cell *** phenomenon may be one reason why chronic stress leads to a higher incidence of infections and ***,we review the effects of neuroendocrine factors on the different activities of NK *** the effects of neuroendocrine factors on NK cell activities during physiological and pathophysiological conditions may result in novel therapeutic strategies to enhance NK cell functions against tumors.

关键词： Natural Killer Cells Catecholamines Glucocorticoids Neurotransmitters

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The transformation of agriculture in China: Looking back and looking forward

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第4期17卷 755-764页

作者： JIAO Xiao-qiang Nyamdavaa Mongol ZHANG Fu-suo Center for Resources Environment and Food Security Department of Plant Nutrition/Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of Education China Agricultural University Lancaster environment centre Lancaster University

China’s grain yield increased from 1 t hain 1961 to 6 t hain 2015, while successfully feeding not only its large population but also supplying agricultural products all over the world. These achievements were greatly supported by modern technology and distinct governmental policy. However, China’s grain production has been causing a number of problems mainly related to declining natural resources and a lack of environmental protection. Due to the growing population and changing dietary requirements, increasing food production must be achieved by increasing resource use efficiency while minimizing environmental costs. We propose two novel development pathways that can potentially sustain agricultural crop production in the next few decades:(i) enhancing nutrient use efficiency with zero increase in chemical fertilizer input until 2020 and(ii) concurrently increasing grain yield and nutrient use efficiency for sustainable intensification with integrated nutrient management after 2020. This paper provides a perspective on further agricultural developments and challenges, and useful knowledge of our valuable experiences for other developing countries.

关键词： food security sustainable development agriculture grain production

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The role of mouse models in colorectal cancer research—The need and the importance of the orthotopic models

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2020年第1期3卷 1-8页

作者： Rui C.Oliveira Ana Margarida Abrantes JoseGuilherme Tralhao Maria Filomena Botelho Biophysics Unit Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Pathology Department University Hospital(CHUC)CoimbraPortugal centre of investigation on environment Genetics and Oncobiology(CIMAGO)CoimbraPortugal Surgery A Department Faculty of MedicineUniversity Hospital(CHUC)CoimbraPortugal

Colorectal cancer is a worldwide health burden,with high incidence and mortality,especially in the advanced stages of the *** models are very important and valuable to discover and validate early and specific biomarkers as well as new therapeutic *** order to accomplish that,the animal models must replicate the clinical evolution of the disease in all of its *** this article,we review the existent mouse models,with their strengths and weaknesses in the replication of human cancer disease progression,with major focus on orthotopic models.

关键词： colorectal cancer mouse model orthotopic model

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Evaluation of arsenic pollution in field-contaminated soil at the soil’s actual pH

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 137-147页

作者： Tiancong Gao Haixia Tian Huimin Niu Mallavarapu Megharaj Wenxiang He College of Natural Resources and environment Northwest A&F UniversityKey Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureYanglingShaanxi 712100China Global centre for environmental Remediation College of EngineeringScience and EnvironmentUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

The pollution and ecological risks posed by arsenic(As)entering the soil are the major environmental challenges faced by human *** phosphatase can serve as a useful indicator for assessing As contamination under specific soil pH ***,the study of phosphatase kinetics in long-term field As-contaminated soil remains unclear,presenting a significant obstacle to the monitoring and evaluation of As pollution and *** purpose of this study was to determine phosphatase activity and explore enzyme kinetics in soils subjected to long-term field As *** revealed that the soil phosphatase activity varied among the tested soil samples,depending on the concentrations of *** relationship between total As,As fractions and phosphatase activity was found to be significant through negative exponential function *** parameters,including maximum reaction velocity(Vmax),Michaelis constant(Km)and catalytic efficiency(V_(max)/K_(m)),ranged from 3.14×10^(−2)–53.88×10^(−2) mmol/(L·hr),0.61–7.92 mmol/L,and 0.46×10^(−2)–11.20×10^(−2) hr^(−1),*** and Vmax/Km of phosphatase decreased with increasing As pollution,while Km was less ***,Vmax/Km showed a significant negative correlationwith all As fractions and total *** ecological doses(ED10)for the complete inhibition and partial inhibition models ranged from0.22–70.33 mg/kg and 0.001–55.27 mg/kg,respectively,indicating that V_(max)/K_(m) can be used as an index for assessing As pollution in field-contaminated *** study demonstrated that the phosphatase kinetics parameters in the soil’s pH system were better indicators than the optimal pH for evaluating the field ecotoxicity of As.

关键词： Arsenic pollution Ecological risk Soil phosphatase Enzyme kinetics Catalytic efficiency(V_(max)/K_(m))

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Radial variations in xylem sap flux in a temperate red pine plantation forest

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 328-336页

作者： Alanna V.Bodo M.Altaf Arain School of Earth Environment and SocietyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada McMaster centre for Climate Change HamiltonONCanada

Background:Scaling sap flux measurements to whole-tree water use or stand-level transpiration is often done using measurements conducted at a single point in the sapwood of the tree and has the potential to cause significant *** studies have shown that much of this uncertainty is related to(i)measurement of sapwood area and(ii)variations in sap flow at different depths within the tree ***:This study measured sap flux density at three depth intervals in the sapwood of 88-year-old red pine(Pinus resinosa)trees to more accurately estimate water-use at the tree-and stand-level in a plantation forest near Lake Erie in Southern Ontario,*** showed that most of the water transport(65%)occurred in the outermost sapwood,while only 26%and 9%of water was transported in the middle and innermost depths of sapwood,***:These results suggest that failing to consider radial variations in sap flux density within trees can lead to an overestimation of transpiration by as much as 81%,which may cause large uncertainties in water budgets at the ecosystem and catchment *** study will help to improve our understanding of water use dynamics and reduce uncertainties in sap flow measurements in the temperate pine forest ecosystems in the Great Lakes region and help in protecting these forests in the face of climate change.

关键词： Sap flow Transpiration Water use Red pine Temperate forest Great Lakes region

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