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Future Directions in Formulaic language Research

外国语 2009年第6期32卷 2-17页

作者： Alison Wray centre for language and Communication Research Cardiff University

Research tends to go in cycles of innovation,consolidation and confirmation,then *** language research seems currently to be moving into a reflective phase,offering considerable potential for new ideas feeding the next round of *** into formulaic language goes back 150 years at least,with several strands developing somewhat independently,including patterns in native language (including first language acquisition),language disorders and second language *** own work was an attempt to identify a single explanation that accounted for them *** technologies now provide additional ways to explore and evaluate the evidence,most notably through corpus linguistics,and eye and brain activity *** key claims,all with potential implications for L2 research and teaching,indicate the scope for future research:*** we talk of an 'idiomatic' nativelike way of speaking,in fact there is considerable variation in what is idiomatic:what should be taught? *** acquisition of idiomaticity is driven by the need to belong and survive:can this be replicated in the classroom? *** formulaic language seems to reduce the speaker' s processing,the hearer' s processing may be the more important consideration:does 'accommodation' affect the learner's experience adversely? *** linguistics forces a careful evaluation of the true role of frequency in idiomaticity:are materials writers beguiled by corpus data? *** cannot consider formulaic language patterns independently of knowing the purpose of the text in which they occur,including its genre:are L2 teaching materials broad enough?There are key opportunities for researchers in China to exploit aspects of the Chinese writing system and approach to education,to answer questions that cannot be easily answered in the *** include the role of memorisation in language learning,the role of literacy in our perception of linguistic units,and the universality of patterns in acqu

关键词：语言学语义学语用学外语学习

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Lexical Tones and Word Learning in Mandarin-Speaking Children at Three Years of Age(Invited paper)

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2017年第1期15卷 25-32页

作者： Wei-Yi Ma Peng Zhou Stephen Crain Li-Qun Gao ARC centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders Macquarie UniversitySydney 2109Australia Department of Foreign languages and Literature Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China centre for Speech Language and the BrainBeijing Language and Culture UniversityBeijing 10083China.

Unlike Indo-European languages,Mandarin relies heavily on lexical tones to distinguish word identity. Using the intermodal preferential looking paradigm, this study examined 3-year-old Mandarinspeakers＇ ability to use Mandarin lexical tones in learning new words. Results showed that when children were presented with Tone 2（rising） and Tone 4（falling）pairs, children successfully learned both ***, when children were presented with Tone 2and Tone 3（dipping） pairs, they learned the Tone 2word but not the Tone 3 one. Children were then divided into two groups based on their learning performance on the Tone 3 word. Successful learning of Tone 3 words was observed in the high performers but not in the low performers, who consistently misused Tone 3 as Tone 2. This study showed that Mandarinspeaking 3-year-olds could use lexical tones to learn words under experimental conditions, and that the difficulty of Tone 3 acquisition may be related to its lower level of perceptual distinctiveness compared with other tones.

关键词： lexical children speaking learned looking speakers distinguish consistently pronunciation perceptual

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Om:One tool for many (Indian) languages

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1348-1353页

作者： GANAPATHIRAJU Madhavi BALAKRISHNAN Mini BALAKRISHNAN N. REDDY Raj language Technologies Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USASupercomputer Education and Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 IndiaSupercomputer Education and Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 IndiaLanguage Technologies Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

Many different languages are spoken in India, each language being the mother tongue of tens of millions of people. While the languages and scripts are distinct from each other, the grammar and the alphabet are similar to a large extent. One common feature is that all the Indian languages are phonetic in nature. In this paper we describe the development of a translit- eration scheme Om which exploits this phonetic nature of the alphabet. Om uses ASCII characters to represent Indian language alphabets, and thus can be read directly in English, by a large number of users who cannot read script in other Indian languages than their mother tongue. It is also useful in computer applications where local language tools such as email and chat are not yet available. Another significant contribution presented in this paper is the development of a text editor for Indian languages that integrates the Om input for many Indian languages into a word processor such as Microsoft WinWord?. The text editor is also developed on Java? platform that can run on Unix machines as well. We propose this transliteration scheme as a possible standard for Indian language transliteration and keyboard entry.

关键词： Om transliteration Indian language technologies Text editor

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Later Wittgenstein's Rule-following Paradox and Chinese Philosophy of Meaning

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学术界 2016年第4期 298-302页

作者： Jiang Daohua National Research centre for Foreign language Education Beijing Foreign Studies University Hefei Normal University

Rule-following paradox in Philosophical Investigations remains a hot philosophical issue through which Wittgenstein promotes its intimate association with such core concepts like language games,meaning- is- use and private *** paradoxical way of explicating meaning is echoed in Chinese traditional *** paper discusses how Wittgenstein’ s puzzle of meaning is touched upon and dissolved by Chinese traditional philosophy well expressed in Zhuangzi’ s On the Uniformity of All Things(齐物论),Sengzhao’ s Immovability of Thing(物不迁),and Gongsun Long’ s White Horse Dialogue(白马论),which all highlight determinacy in the indeterminacy of meaning.

关键词： rule-following paradox Chinese philosophy language games indeterminacy of meaning

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Feeding prehistoric coastal community:A study of marine faunal remains at the Jingtoushan site

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1574-1590页

作者： Endong WU Guoping SUN Ying ZHANG School of Culture History and LanguageAustralian National UniversityCanberra 2600Australia Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Hangzhou 310012China National centre for Archaeology Beijing 100013China

This article examines the abundant marine mollusc,and fish remains at the Jingtoushan shell midden(8,300 to7,800 cal a BP)in Zhejiang Province,China,to investigate the fishing economy,community development,the palaeoenvironment,and their interactions among the prehistoric populations in the lower Yangtze River Basin and southeastern coastal *** also attempts to explore the prosperity and decline of coastal settlements in China during the Neolithic Age and the potential reasons for their rise and fall,*** on the ecological and biological principles of marine animals,standard zooarchaeological methods and radiocarbon dating analysis are used for sampling,identification,measurement,and *** show that at least 11 mollusc taxa and 14 fish taxa can be identified from the Jingtoushan faunal *** ancient Jingtoushan residents possibly lived in a settlement close to the coast and engaged in inshore and offshore fishing,hunting,and gathering as their primary subsistence strategies,with low-level rice cultivation as a supplementary means of ***,the changes in the coastal environment could be one of the reasons why the Jingtoushan residents abandoned their *** research contributes to Chinese Neolithic archaeology with new evidence of the exploitation of marine resources around 8000 a BP in the eastern coastal areas and the relationship between Neolithic community development and environmental changes.

关键词： Neolithic Age Marine faunal remains Fishing economy Palaeoenvironment Community development

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Emotions and Feelings in language Advising for Autonomy

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外语教育 2016年第1期 200-208页

作者： Maria Giovanna TASSINARI language centre Freie Universitt

Although the literature on second language acquisition recognizes the importance of the affective dimension in language learning,little is known about how to support the affective dimension throughout the autonomous learning *** advising is a privileged space for addressing,besides the cognitive and metacognitive aspects,the affective dimensions of the learning process. Most importantly,within the professional and interpersonal relationship created between advisor and learner, it is easier to reflect on the emotional and affective implications of *** study explores the role of emotions and feelings in the learner’s and the advisor’s discourse,with the aim of shedding light on affect in autonomous language learning processes and thus helping language professionals to recognize and deal with affective issues as they arise. Based on audio-recordings and transcripts of individual advising sessions,the research design focuses on discourse analysis of the learners’ and the advisor’s *** results show significant expression of emotions in the learner’s discourse,related both to past learning experiences and to planning further learning steps. In the advisor’s discourse,emotions are less apparent,as the advisor,rather,tends to mirror,empathize or counterbalance the learner’s emotions.

关键词： Affect Autonomous language learning Emotions language advising

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Mechanisms behind elevated serum levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2317-2318页

作者： Francesco Angelucci Jakub Hort Memory Clinic Department of NeurologySecond Faculty of MedicineCharles University and Motol University HospitalPragueCzech Republic International Clinical Research centre St.Anne’s University HospitalBrnoCzech Republic

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration(FTLD)is a form of progressive dementia characterized by degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes of the *** pathology involves a series of cognitive,behavioral,and neurological ... 详细信息

关键词： degeneration elevated pathology

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Fostering Learner Autonomy through Continuous Student Feedback in Pursuit of Praxis and Establishment of I-Thou Dialogue in an EFL Classroom

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外语教育 2016年第1期 267-280页

作者： Ksenia TROSHINA Janice TSANG English language centre the Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Development of learner autonomy is a challenging task, especially when students are not presented with regular opportunities to reveal their voice and take part in shaping,at least to a certain degree,classroom discourses. Engaging students in egalitarian teacher-students I-Thou dialogue(Buber, 1970)appears to be an effective way of empowering students voice,however there is need to investigate ways of practical implementation of this practice. Student feedback questionnaires(SFQs)have been widely used in tertiary institutions as a tool for establishing communication between students and teachers, as well as educational institutions,and evaluating course content and pedagogical methods *** of the major criticisms of this practice though is its summative nature and lack of closure of the feedback loop with students. Present study explores the practice of implementing formative continuous student feedback(CSF) throughout the duration of the whole course where teachers collect responses from students at the end of the class and close the loop in consecutive sessions by analyzing the feedback provided and acting upon it. Integrating the principles of Freire’s praxis and Buber’s I-Thou dialogue,this practice appears to be facilitative of building effective channels of communication between all parties involved,as well as developing greater sense of autonomy among students over the learning process in an English as a foreign language(EFL) classroom. The research is conducted as part of a larger CSF project implemented at a tertiary institution in Hong Kong.

关键词： Autonomy Praxis Student feedback I-Thou dialogue

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Children＇s Expression of Voluntary Motion Events in English and Chinese

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外国语 2011年第4期34卷 2-20页

作者：纪瑛琳 Henri■tte Hendriks Maya Hickmann centre for language Discourse and CommunicationDepartment of Education and Professional StudiesKing's College Research centre for English and Applied Linguistics University of Cambridge CNRS Laboratoire Structures Formelles du Langage and University of Paris 8

尽管人类对空间的认知可能具有一定的普遍性,但人类对同一空间事件的表达却因为语言的差异而千差万别。本研究旨在探讨英汉儿童如何表达基于动画的自主性运动事件。我们发现英语及汉语在空间表达上的类型学差异制约着儿童在小句层面上... 详细信息

尽管人类对空间的认知可能具有一定的普遍性,但人类对同一空间事件的表达却因为语言的差异而千差万别。本研究旨在探讨英汉儿童如何表达基于动画的自主性运动事件。我们发现英语及汉语在空间表达上的类型学差异制约着儿童在小句层面上惯于表达的信息成分的类型及数量。汉语儿童在空间表达上的语句比同龄英语儿童的语句具有更高的信息密度,并且差异显著。这主要是因为汉语中的动词复合形式极大地促进了多重语义成分在同一小句中的同时体现。另外,英语儿童在3至5岁之间经历了空间表达方式上的重要发展,而相比之下汉语儿童的空间表达从3岁起就展现出了一些与成人的空间表达极为相似的特征。本研究揭示了语言独特性因素在语言习得中所起的重要作用。

关键词：普遍认知能力语言独特性因素动词复合形式信息密度

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RGB-D SLAM with moving object tracking in dynamic environments

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2021年第4期3卷 281-291页

作者： Weichen Dai Yu Zhang Yuxin Zheng Donglei Sun Ping Li State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina centre for English language Education University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingboChina

Simultaneous localization and mapping methods are fundamental to many robotic *** dynamic environments,SLAM methods focus on eliminating the influence of moving objects to construct a static map since they assume a static *** improve localization robustness in dynamic environments,an RGB-D SLAM method is proposed to build a complete 3D map containing both static and dynamic maps,the latter of which consists of the trajectories and points of the moving *** any prior knowledge of the moving targets,the proposed method uses only the correlation between map points to discriminate between the static scene and the moving *** the static points are determined,camera motion estimation is performed only on reliable static map points to eliminate the influence of moving *** motion of the moving objects will then be estimated with the obtained camera motion by tracking their dynamic points in subsequent ***,multiple groups of dynamic points that belong to the same moving object are fused by a volume overlap checking *** results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed method.

关键词： dynamic moving environments

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