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Journal of Green Building 2017年第1期12卷 45-61页

作者： Xiaohuan Xie Zhonghua Gou Shenzhen Key Laboratory of built environment Optimization School of Architecture and Urban PlanningShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060 Cities Research centre School of EnvironmentGriffith UniversityParklands DriveQLD 4215Australia

INTRODUCTIONA Current green building practice has been largely advanced by an integrated design *** integrated design process involves multiple disciplines,such as archi-tecture,civil,mechanical,and electrical *** design method heavily relies on utilizing building performance simulation to illustrate how design param-eters affect the energy consumption and quality of the indoor environment before actual design decisions are made(Anderson,2014).The architectural design tools in the integrated design process supersede traditional geometrical exploration instruments,such as Sketchup,Revit,ArchiCad,and Rhino(Negendahl,2015).More building performance simulating tools,such as Ecotect,Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD),Radiance,and EnergyPlus,have been developed to help architects measure building performance(e.g.,natural ventilation,daylighting,solar radiation,and energy uses)in the design process and attain green building standards such as Leadership in Energy and environmental Design(LEED).The information presented by these tools guide architects at a certain level in achieving green building goals.

关键词： green building integrated design process building simulation high performance building

Dead standing pine trees in a boreal forest landscape in the Kalevala National Park,northern Fennoscandia: amount,population characteristics and spatial pattern

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第3期4卷 221-231页

作者： Timo Kuuluvainen Tuomas Aakala Gergely Várkonyi Department of Forest Sciences University of Helsinki Finnish environment Institute Natural Environment CentreFriendship Park Research Centre

Background： After their death, Scots pine trees can remain standing for decades and sometimes up to 200 years,forming long-lasting and ecologically important structures in boreal forest landscapes. Standing dead pines decay very slowly and with time develop into ‘kelo＇ trees, which are characterized by hard wood with silvery-colored appearance. These kelo trees represent an ecologically important, long lasting and visually striking element of the structure of natural pine-dominated forests in boreal Fennoscandia that is nowadays virtually absent from managed forest ***： We examined and mapped the amount, structural features, site characteristics and spatial distribution of dead standing pine trees over a ten hectare area in an unmanaged boreal forest landscape in the Kalevala National Park in Russian Viena ***： The mean basal area of dead standing pine trees in the forested part of the landscape was 1.7 m^2·ha^-1 and the estimated volume 12.7 m^3·ha^-1. From the total number of standing dead pine trees 65% were kelo trees, with a basal area of 1.1 m^2·ha^-1 and volume of 8.0 m^3·ha^-1, the remainder consisting of standing dead pines along the continuum between a recently dead tree and a kelo tree. Overall, standing dead pines were distributed throughout the study area, but there was a tendency towards spatial clustering up to 〈100 m distances. Standing dead pines were most commonly situated on flat ground or in the mid slope in the local *** addition, standing dead pines contributed to substrate diversity also by commonly having charred wood and broken tops. Based on the presence of dead pine snags in different stage of transition from a recently dead pine to a kelo with silvery surface, it seems evident that the process of kelo recruitment was continuously in action in the studied ***： Kelo trees are an omnipresent feature in natural pine-dominated forest landscapes with important contribution to forest structu

关键词： Boreal forest Coarse Woody debris Dead trees Forest dynamics Kelo Pinus sylvestris Snag Tree mortality

LESSONS FROM EUROPE FOR CHINA?New Urban Sub-centres for a Polycentric Network City

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Journal of Green Building 2010年第1期5卷 88-100页

作者： Steffen Lehmann School of Architecture and built environment The University of Newcastle

This paper compares two cases:It relates to the development of new urban sub-centres in China,and the relationship of these sub-centres to‘Network City’*** cities move towards more polycentric systems,the case of Potsdamer Platz Berlin,compared to Zhenru Sub-centre in Shanghai,is *** are transport-oriented developments promoting mixed-use density and transport-oriented *** to the documentation by Shanghai municipality,this new urban centre,which is currently in its planning phase,is supposed to become a‘sustainable sub-centre for a growing metropolis.’The author,who has intimate knowledge of the Berlin case,was asked to advice on the Chinese project,based on the Potsdamer Platz *** some hesitation,a series of careful recommendations were formulated for the design and development of the Zhenru Sub-centre,knowing that it is rather difficult to translate from one case to the *** conclusion includes five recommendations for the urban design of such sub-centres,to ensure a delivery of economical,social and environmental sustainable outcomes.

关键词： New urban sub-centre network city theory China’s rapid urbanization sustainable city

Infectious disease emergence and global change: thinking systemically in a shrinking world

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2012年第1期1卷 31-47页

作者： Colin D Butler National centre for Epidemiology and Population health College of Medicine Biology and environment Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia

Background:Concern intensifying that emerging infectious diseases and global environmental changes that could generate major future human ***:A focused literature review was undertaken,partly informed by a forthcoming report on environment,agriculture and infectious diseases of poverty,facilitated by the Special Programme for Tropical ***:More than ten categories of infectious disease emergence exist,but none formally analyse past,current or future burden of *** evidence suggests that the dominant public health concern focuses on two informal *** important is the perceived threat of newly recognised infections,especially viruses that arise or are newly discovered in developing countries that originate in species exotic to developed countries,such as non-human primates,bats and *** pathogens may be transmitted by insects or bats,or via direct human contact with *** second group is new strains of influenza arising from intensively farmed chickens or pigs,or emerging from Asian“wet markets”where several bird species have close *** forms appear justified because of two great pandemics:HIV/AIDS(which appears to have originated from bushmeat hunting in Africa before emerging globally)and Spanish influenza,which killed up to 2.5%of the human population around the end of World War *** appreciated is the contribution of the milieu which appeared to facilitate the high disease burden in these ***,excess anxiety over emerging infectious diseases diverts attention from issues of greater public health importance,especially:(i)existing(including neglected)infectious diseases and(ii)the changing milieu that is eroding the determinants of immunity and public health,caused by adverse global environmental changes,including climate change and other components of stressed life and civilisation-supporting ***:The focus on novel pathogens and minor forms of anti-micr

关键词： immunity formally originated

The role of electrolyte acid concentration in the electrochemical exfoliation of graphite:Mechanism and synthesis of electrochemical graphene oxide

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Nano Materials Science 2019年第3期1卷 215-223页

作者： Sean E.Lowe Ge Shi Yubai Zhang Jiadong Qin Lixue Jiang Shuaiyu Jiang Mohammad Al-Mamun Porun Liu Yu Lin Zhong Huijun Zhao centre for Clean environment and Energy School of Environment and Science Griffith University

Electrochemistry has emerged as a major route for graphene and graphene oxide synthesis from *** graphite oxidation is commonly used with dilute mineral acid or aqueous salt *** this system,the electrolyte acid concentration appears to be a critical ***,the effect of the acid concentration,particularly at low concentrations,is still not fully *** address this issue,we used a packed bed electrochemical reactor to synthesize seven different electrochemical graphite oxide(EGO)products in 2–16M sulfuric *** XRD,XPS,Raman,conductivity and optical microscopy analysis of the products was carried *** found dilute acid(<10 M)graphite oxides were less crystalline and less oxidized than those produced in stronger *** oxygen evolution reaction at the graphite surface appears to affect the structural changes,oxidation mechanism,and electrochemical corrosion of the *** conductivity is also strongly affected by the electrolyte’s *** show that well oxidized,yet reasonably conductive,single layer graphene oxide can be produced from 7.1M *** results broaden our understanding of graphite electrochemistry and will serve to inform future electrochemical graphene synthesis efforts.

关键词： Electrochemistry Graphene Graphene oxide Synthesis Exfoliation

Shrinkage behavior of self-compacting concrete

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第6期13卷 407-419页

作者： Farhad ASLANI Shami NEJADI centre for built Infrastructure Research School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney Australia

In the structures where long-term behavior should be monitored and controlled, creep and shrinkage effects have to be included precisely in the analysis and design procedures. Shrinkage varies with the constituent and mixture proportions, and depends on the curing conditions and the work environment as well. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) contains combinations of various components, such as aggregate, cement, superplasticizer, water-reducing agent and other ingredients which affect the properties of the SCC including shrinkage. Hence, the realistic prediction shrinkage strains of SCC are an important requirement of the design process for this type of concrete structures. This study reviews the accuracy of the conventional concrete (CC) shrinkage prediction models proposed by the international codes of practice, including CEB-FIP (1990), ACI 209R (1997), Eurocode 2 (2001), JSCE (2002), AASHTO (2004; 2007) and AS 3600 (2009). Also, SCC shrinkage prediction models proposed by Poppe and De Schutter (2005), Larson (2007), Cordoba (2007) and Khayat and Long (2010) are reviewed. Further, a new shrinkage prediction model based on the comprehensive analysis on both of the available models, i.e., the CC and the SCC is proposed. The predicted shrinkage strains are compared with the actual measured shrinkage strains in 165 mixtures of SCC and 21 mixtures of CC.

关键词： Self-compacting concrete (SCC) Conventional concrete (CC) Shrinkage Long-term behavior Concrete structures

healthy campus by open space design： Approaches and guidelines

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2014年第4期3卷 452-467页

作者： Stephen Siu Yu Lau Zhonshua Gou Yajing Liu Department of Architecture Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Department of Architecture University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Faculty of built environment University of New South Wales Room 3001 Red Centre West Wing UNSW Built Environment Kensington Campus Sydney Australia

This paper examines the architectural and Landscape design strategies and intentions for green, open spaces facilities targeting stress aLLeviation for learning environments such as those of university campuses in a compact urban setting. Literature reviews provide three prevailing perspectives for physical design pedagogical operatives： healing gardens where greenery and plants produce restorative effects; flexible spaces that accommodate functional needs of different activities; and green buildings that incorporate open space as a catalyst for integrated eco-system. Corresponding design approaches （Landscape design, spatial design and green design） are scrutinized by case study. A comparison of two university campuses with different urban contexts is conducted to identify challenges and opportunities for applying these design approaches. For a compact campus, high-dense surroundings may limit the size of an open space and may handicap circulation and accessibility; on the other side, a small open space may provide its users more intimate contact with natural restorative elements and also a more controllable microclimate for physical comfort. A healthy campus should encompass diverse open spaces to satisfy different purposes. Finally, a framework that integrates the three approaches is combined to produce a sustainable design rubric.

关键词： healthy campus Open space Healing gardens Architecture Green building

Kinetic Study for Adsorption of Heavy Metals on Zeolite

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2022年第1期29卷 70-76页

作者： Kow Jing Yang Lim Lee Fong Chan Mieow Kee Aseel Ali Saeed centre for Water Research Faculty of EngineeringBuilt Environment and Information TechnologySEGi UniversityPetaling JayaSelangor 47810Malaysia

Heavy metals⁃polluted water has negative impact on the *** Malaysia,minimum discharge limit for Cu^(2+)and Zn^(2+)are 1 mg/L and 2 mg/L,*** is a highly porous adsorbent and its performance is affected by various factors,including contact time and ***,the objective of this study is to identify an ideal operating condition to treat Cu^(2+)and Zn^(2+)solutions up to the allowable discharge limit,by considering the pH and contact time *** kinetic models were studied to identify the adsorption mechanism of the heavy metal removal *** solute batch adsorption experiment was conducted within pH 3-11 from 30 to 150 *** showed that hydration enthalpy(ΔHhyd)governed the selectivity of heavy metals,where a maximum of 90.87%Zn^(2+)(ΔH_(hyd)=-1955 kJ/mol)and 82.15%Cu^(2+)(ΔH_(hyd)=-2010 kJ/mol)removals were found at pH≥*** pH adjustment,selectivity towards Cu^(2+)was higher compared with Zn^(2+)due to the size of hydration radii,where Cu^(2+)is 0.11Åsmaller than Zn^(2+).By considering both pH and contact time factors,this study shows that by adjusting the pH of Zn^(2+)solutions to a minimum pH value of 7,the contact time required to achieve maximum Zn^(2+)removal rate was 90%,which can be achieved within 60 ***,zeolite performed better in Cu^(2+)removal without any pH adjustment where a maximum of 94%was achieved at 120 *** concentration of 0.523 mg/L Cu^(2+)and 0.981 mg/L Zn^(2+)were obtained in this *** study showed that Ritchie’s equation predicted Cu^(2+)adsorption the best,while Zn^(2+)adsorption could be represented by Elovich *** suggested that the adsorption on the activate site governed Cu^(2+)and Zn^(2+)removal ***,future work should focus on modifying zeolite surface to improve the adsorptive performance.

关键词： zeolite heavy metal removal pH contact time

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A Novel Power Curve Prediction Method for Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines Using Artificial Neural Networks

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Energy Engineering 2021年第3期118卷 507-516页

作者： Vin Cent Tai Yong Chai Tan Nor Faiza Abd Rahman Chee Ming Chia Mirzhakyp Zhakiya Lip Huat Saw centre for Modelling and Simulation Faculty of EngineeringBuilt Environment and Information TechnologySEGi UniversityPetaling Jaya47810Malaysia Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringBuilt Environment and Information TechnologySEGi UniversityPetaling Jaya47810Malaysia Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science UTARKajang43200Malaysia

Accurate prediction of wind turbine power curve is essential for wind farm planning as it influences the expected power *** methods require detailed wind turbine geometry for performance evaluation,which most of the time unattainable and impractical in early stage of wind farm *** significant amount of work has been done on fitting of wind turbine power curve using parametric and non-parametric models,little to no attention has been paid for power curve modelling that relates the wind turbine design *** paper presents a novel method that employs artificial neural network to learn the underlying relationships between 6 turbine design parameters and its power curve.A total of 198 existing pitch-controlled and active stall-controlled horizontal-axis wind turbines have been used for model training and *** results showed that the method is reliable and reasonably accurate,with average R^(2)score of 0.9966.

关键词： Wind turbine power curve artificial neural network HAWT

In vitro assessment of thyroid hormone receptor activity of four organophosphate esters

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2016年第7期28卷 185-190页

作者： Xiaomin Ren Linying Cao Yu Yang Bin Wan Sufang Wang Lianghong Guo State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of environment and health Jianghan University

Previous animal experiments have implied that organophosphate esters（OPEs） have a disruption effect on the thyroid endocrine system. However, knowledge of the toxicological mechanism remains limited. In this study, the activities of four OPEs have been characterized against the thyroid hormone（TH） nuclear receptor（TR） using two in vitro models, with the aim of evaluating their toxicity mechanisms towards the TR. The results of a TH-dependent cell proliferation assay showed that tris（2-chloro-1-（chloromethyl）ethyl）phosphate（TDCPP） could induce cell growth, while the other three OPEs had no effect. The results of a luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that all four of the OPEs tested in the current study showed agonistic activity towards TRβ, with TDCPP being the most potent one. Moreover, molecular docking revealed that all the tested OPEs could fit into the ligand binding pocket of TRβ, with TDCPP binding more effectively than the other three OPEs. Taken together, these data suggest that OPEs might disrupt the thyroid endocrine system via a mechanism involving the activation of TR.

关键词： organophosphate esters disruption effect TDCPP TR pathway agonistic activity