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Review of source-monitoring processes in obsessive-compulsive disorder

World Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第2期10卷 12-20页

作者： Layla Lavalle Jerome Brunelin Remy Bation Marine Mondino French National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1028 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5292Lyon Neuroscience Research CenterLyon 69000France Lyon University 69000France centre hospitalier le vinatier Batiment 416Bron 69678France Psychiatric Unit Wertheimer Neurologic HospitalBron 69500France

Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is a severe mental illness characterized by persistent,intrusive and distressing obsessions and/or *** symptoms have been conceptualized as resulting from a failure in sourcemonitoring processes,suggesting that patients with OCD fail to distinguish actions they perform from those they just imagine *** this study,we aimed to provide an updated and exhaustive review of the literature examining the relationship between source-monitoring and OCD.A systematic search in the literature through January 2019 allowed us to identify 13 relevant publications investigating source-monitoring abilities in patients with OCD or participants with subclinical compulsive *** of the retrieved studies did not report any source-monitoring deficits in clinical and subclinical subjects compared with healthy ***,most of the studies reported that patients with OCD and subclinical subjects displayed reduced confidence in source-monitoring judgments or global cognitive confidence compared to *** present review highlighted some methodological and statistical ***,further studies are needed to explore source monitoring with regard to the subcategories of OCD symptoms(i.e.,symmetryordering,contamination-washing,hoarding,aggressive obsession-checking,sexual-religious thoughts)and to clarify the relationship between sourcemonitoring subtypes(i.e.,reality or internal source-monitoring)and confidence in these populations.

关键词： Reality-monitoring Source-monitoring Obsessive-compulsive disorder Subclinical compulsive symptoms

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Three-Factor structure of self-report schizotypal traits in a French nonclinical sample

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2011年第3期1卷 110-114页

作者： Jerome Brunelin Patrick Dumas Mohamed Saoud Thierry d’Amato Emmanuel Poulet CH le vinatier BronFrance Universitede Lyon LyonFrance UniversiteLyon 1 LyonFrance Bron France

Evidence suggests that the structure of psychosis-proneness in the general population may involve three distinct related dimensions. Therefore we conducted a study, using a wider range of measures, to explore the factorial structure of schizotypy assessed by a mixed self-report Schizotypal Traits Questionnaire (mSTQ) in young French healthy individuals. Raine’s Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire [SPQ] and four of the Chapman’s scales [Magical Ideation Scale-MIS;Perceptual Aberration Scale-PAS;Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale-PhA and Revised Social Anhedonia Scale-SA] were combined to form a mSTQ which was administered to 232 French undergraduate students aged from 18 to 25 years old. A Principal Component Analysis [PCA] was carried out on scores for each scale to examine the factorial structure of schizotypal traits in this sample. PCA evidenced a three-factor model of schizotypy in the sample as a whole and even in the lower score sub-sample. The three factors were “positive or cognitive-perceptual”, “negative or social-interpersonal” and “disorganization” latent. Schizotypy, as assessed by these scales, is a multidimensional construct composed by at least three dimensions in this nonclinical sample. This factorial structure is similar to those of schizophrenia symptoms which raise the hypothesis of a continuum from normality to schizophrenia via schizotypal

关键词： Schizotypy Psychosis Proneness Scales Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire Three-Factor Structure Schizophrenia

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Transcranial direct current stimulation in psychiatric disorders

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2015年第1期5卷 88-102页

作者： Gabriel Tortella Roberta Casati Luana V M Aparicio Antonio Mantovani Natasha Senco Giordano D’Urso Jerome Brunelin Fabiana Guarienti Priscila Mara Lorencini Selingardi Débora Muszkat Bernardo de Sampaio Pereira Junior leandro Valiengo Adriano H Moffa Marcel Simis Lucas Borrione André R Brunoni Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27)Department and Institute of PsychiatryUniversity of Sao Paulo Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation University HospitalUniversity of Sao Paulo Psychology Department Advanced School in NeuropsychologyUniversità degli Studi Milano Bicocca Department of Physiology Pharmacology and Neuroscience Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education City University of New York (CUNY) Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Project (PROTOC) Department and Institute of PsychiatryUniversity of Sao Paulo Unit of Psychiatry Department of Neurosciences Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences University of Naples Federico II Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon I Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INCT-CNPq) Department of Psychiatry Department and Institute of PsychiatryUniversity of Sao Paulo Santa Casa de Sao Paulo Medical School Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics Hospital of the University of Sao Paulo Medical School

The interest in non-invasive brain stimulation techniques is increasing in recent years. Among these techniques, transcranial direct current stimulation(t DCS) has been the subject of great interest among researchers because of its easiness to use, low cost, benign profile of side effects and encouraging results of research in the field. This interest has generated several studies and randomized clinical trials, particularly in psychiatry. In this review, we provide a summary of the development of the technique and its mechanism of action as well as a review of the methodological aspects of randomized clinical trials in psychiatry, including studies in affective disorders, schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorder, child psychiatry and substance use disorder. Finally,we provide an overview of t DCS use in cognitive enhancement as well as a discussion regarding its clinical use and regulatory and ethical issues. Although many promising results regarding t DCS efficacy were described, the total number of studies is still low, highlighting the need of further studies aiming to replicate these findings in larger samples as to provide a definite picture regarding t DCS efficacy in psychiatry.

关键词： Non-invasive brain stimulation Transcranial direct current stimulation Psychiatry disorders Review

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