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The 2024 Compendium of Physical Activities and its expansion

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 1-2,F0003页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Kansas center for Metabolism and obesity research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

First developed 30 years ago,the Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)was created to provide a standardized way of measuring and classifying specific physical activities(PAs),allowing researchers and health professionals to assess the energy expenditure and health benefits associated with different PA.1Since its inception,the Compendium has been widely utilized and recognized as a fundamental PA and health resource.

关键词： has utilized classify

Gut microbial-host-isozymes are new targets for diseases

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1525-1527页

作者： Zhiwei Zhang Kai Wang Changtao Jiang Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Female Fertility PromotionCenter for Reproductive MedicinePeking UniversityBeijing 100191China center for obesity and Metabolic Disease research School of Basic Medical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and RemodelingPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Gut microbiota can interact with the host through lots of media including small molecular metabolites and proteins(Cani,2019;Fan and Pedersen,2021;Krautkramer et al.,2021).Recently,a new interaction pattern was identified,i.e.,gut microbiota can mimic the function of the host by producing a variety of enzymes with functions homologous to host enzymes.

关键词： diseases pattern

When smoke meets gut:deciphering the interactions between tobacco smoking and gut microbiota in disease development

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 854-864页

作者： Bo Chen Guangyi Zeng Lulu Sun Changtao Jiang center of Basic Medical research Institute of Medical Innovation and ResearchPeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and RemodelingPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China center for obesity and Metabolic Disease research School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of Women’s Reproductive Health and Fertility Promotion Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China

Tobacco smoking is a prevalent and detrimental habit practiced worldwide,increasing the risk of various diseases,including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),cardiovascular disease,liver disease,and *** previous research has explored the detrimental health effects of tobacco smoking,recent studies suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis may play a critical role in these *** tobacco smoke components,such as nicotine,are found in the gastrointestinal tract and interact with gut microbiota,leading to lasting impacts on host health and *** review delves into the ways tobacco smoking and its various constituents influence gut microbiota composition and *** also summarize recent advancements in understanding how tobacco smoking-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis affects host ***,this review introduces a novel perspective on how changes in gut microbiota following smoking cessation may contribute to withdrawal syndrome and the degree of health improvements in smokers.

关键词： tobacco smoking gut microbiota dysbiosis nicotine smoking cessation

A brief history of the Compendium of Physical Activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 3-5页

作者： Barbara E.Ainsworth Stephen D.Herrmann David R.Jacobs Jr. Melicia C.Whitt-Glover Catrine Tudor-Locke School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA Kansas center for Metabolism and obesity research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Epidemiology and Community Health University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Gramercy research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA College of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

The Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)was developed to address consistent assignment of physical activity(PA)intensity values used in PA epidemiology research of the association between PA and health outcomes.1The known protective effects of PA on incident health outcomes traces to the mid-1900s,with over 50 studies examining coronary heart disease(CHD)as the outcome of interest.

关键词： epidemiology Activities protective

The Use of Insulin Negatively Impacts the Mortality of Severe COVID-19 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes—A Systematic Review

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第3期14卷 166-176页

作者： Caio F. Biolcatti Marcela R. Simoes Thais P. Prado Milena Monfort-Pires Licio A. Velloso obesity and Comorbidities research center Campinas Brazil Turku PET Centre University of Turku Turku Finland National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation Campinas Brazil

obesity and type 2 diabetes are among the most important risk factors for severe coronavirus disease-19. Some studies have suggested that the use of insulin as a therapeutic agent to treat hyperglycemia and the metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes during the acute phase of severe coronavirus disease-19 could have a negative impact on the disease’s progression;however, there is no consensus on this issue. Here, we performed a systematic review in an attempt to answer this important question. We included 29 articles published from December 2019 to August 2023, which reported the outcomes of 3,070,657 patients with severe coronavirus disease-19 that had the diagnosis of diabetes and were treated with either insulin or other glucose-reducing agents. The results show that using insulin as a pharmacological intervention to treat type 2 diabetes in patients with severe coronavirus disease-19 increases the likelihood of mortality by 193%.

关键词： SARS-CoV2 obesity Inflammation Metabolism Glucose

Cellular precision modulation of JAK1:tailoring therapies for allergic lung inflammation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2843-2844页

作者： Xiaocheng Yan Siegfried Ussar research Unit Adipocytes&Metabolism(ADM) Helmholtz Diabetes CenterHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenGerman Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH85764 NeuherbergGermany German center for Diabetes research(DZD) 85764 NeuherbergGermany

In a recent publication published in Cell,Tamari et *** a previously unrecognized role of JAK1 signaling in vagal sensory neurons regulating the immune response to allergic lung inflammation.1 The authors show that sensory neuromodulation could be an important therapeutic avenue for the treatment of lung *** is now well established that the number of patients suffering from allergic disorders,like those suffering from obesity and the metabolic syndrome,is rapidly increasing world-wide,accelerating the burden on individual health and healthcare ***,basic and clinical researchers urgently need to develop novel therapeutics and approaches to limit or prevent disease development or progression.

关键词： JAK1 allergic lung

2024 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities:An update of activity codes and energy expenditure values

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： Scott A.Conger Stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Tom E.Nightingale Joseph R.Sherman Barbara E.Ainsworth Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas center for Metabolism and obesity research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Centre for Trauma Sciences research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose:This paper presents an update of the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities designed for wheelchair users and is referred to as the 2024 Wheelchair *** Wheelchair Compendium aims to curate existing knowledge of the energy expenditure for wheelchair physical activities(PAs).Methods:A systematic review of the published energy expenditure of PA for wheelchair users was completed between 2011 and May *** added these data to the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium data that was compiled previously in a systematic review through ***:A total of 47 studies were included,and 124 different wheelchair PA reported energy expenditure values ranging from 0.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(filing papers,light effort)to 11.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(Nordic sit skiing).Conclusion:In introducing the updated 2024 Wheelchair Compendium,we hope to bridge the resource gap and challenge the prevailing narratives that inadvertently exclude wheelchair users from physical fitness and health PAs.

关键词： Disability Exercise MET Mobility

Development and validation of a novel non-invasive test for diagnosing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 413-421页

作者： Zhe-Wen Qin Qian-Nan Ren Hong-Xi Zhang Ya-Ru Liu Ke Huang Wei Wu Guan-Ping Dong Yan Ni Jun-Fen Fu Division of Endocrinology National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalDepartment of EndocrinologyNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310052China

With the exploding prevalence of obesity,many children are at risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver *** anthropometric and laboratory parameters,our study aimed to develop a model to quantitatively evaluate liver fat content(LFC)in children with *** A well-characterized cohort of 181 children between 5 and 16 years of age were recruited to the study in the Endocrinology Department as the derivation *** external validation cohort comprised 77 *** assessment of liver fat content was performed using proton magnetic resonance *** and laboratory metrics were measured in all subjects.B-ultrasound examination was carried out in the external validation *** Kruskal-Wallis test,Spearman bivariate correlation analyses,univariable linear regressions and multivariable linear regression were used to build the optimal predictive *** The model was based on indicators including alanine aminotransferase,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,triglycerides,waist circumference and Tanner *** adjusted R^(2)of the model was 0.589,which presented high sensitivity and specificity both in internal[sensitivity of 0.824,specificity of 0.900,area under curve(AUC)of 0.900 with a 95%confidence interval:0.783–1.000]and external validation(sensitivity of 0.918 and specificity of 0.821,AUC of 0.901 with a 95%confidence interval:0.818–0.984).Conclusions Our model based on five clinical indicators was simple,non-invasive,and inexpensive;it had high sensitivity and specificity in predicting LFC in ***,it may be useful for identifying children with obesity who are at risk for developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

关键词： Biochemical markers Children Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pediatric obesity

Commentary:Gut microbiota reduce the risk of hyperuricemia and gout in the human body

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 433-435页

作者： Lin Wang Jianping Ye Metabolic Disease research center Zhengzhou University Affiliated Zhengzhou Central HospitalZhengzhou 450007China research center for Basic Medicine Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

Gout,a prevalent and painful metabolic disease often associated with obesity and aging,is caused by the deposition of urate crystals in joints,bones,or soft *** is an intermediate metabolite within the purine degradation pathway,predominantly derived from uric acid under physiological pH *** occurs due to excessive uric acid production or insufficient excretion2,which is associated with various chronic diseases,including type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Uric acid Gout Microbiota Gut Uricase