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Hydrogels for the management of second-degree burns:currently available options and future promise

Burns & Trauma 2022年第1期10卷 71-87页

作者： Katherine A.Cook Edith Martinez-Lozano Robert Sheridan Edward K.Rodriguez Ara Nazarian Mark W.Grinstaff Department of Chemistry Biomedical Engineeringand MedicineBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA musculoskeletal Translational Innovation Initiative Carl J.ShapiroDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA Shriners Hospitals for Children and Burns Service Department of SurgeryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02214USA Department of Orthopaedic surgery Yerevan State Medical UniversityYerevanArmenia

Burn wounds result from exposure to hot liquids,chemicals,fire,electric discharge or *** severity ranges from first-degree injury,which is superficial,to fourth-degree injury,which exposes bone,tendons and *** assessment of burn depth and accurate wound management in the outpatient setting is critical to prevent injury progression into deeper layers of the *** progression is of particular pertinence to second-degree burns,which are the most common form of thermal *** our understanding of wound healing advances,treatment options and technologies for second-degree burn management also *** hydrogels are a class of burn wound dressings that adhere to tissue,absorb wound exudate,protect from the environment,can be transparent facilitating serial wound evaluation and,in some cases,enable facile removal for dressing *** review briefly describes the burn level classification and common,commercially available dressings used to treat second-degree burns,and then focuses on new polymeric hydrogel burn dressings under preclinical development analyzing their design,structure and *** review presents the follow key learning points:(1)introduction to the integument system and the wound-healing process;(2)classification of burns according to severity and clinical appearance;(3)available dressings currently used for second-degree burns;(4)introduction to hydrogels and their preparation and characterization techniques;and(5)pre-clinical hydrogel burn wound dressings currently being developed.

关键词： Burn Wound Hydrogel Dressing Second-degree

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Gas Leakage Detection and Pressure Difference Identification by Asymmetric Differential Pressure Method

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2022年第2期35卷 150-158页

作者： Yan Shi Jiaqi Chang Yixuan Wang Xuelin Zhao Qingzhen Zhang Liman Yang School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of musculoskeletal tumor The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100089China Senior Department of Orthopedics The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100089China

Currently,the measurement methods for pneumatic system leakage include bubbling,ultrasonic,and pressure detection *** methods are sensitive to high-precision sensors,long detection times,and stable external *** traditional differential pressure method involves severe differential pressure fluctuations caused by environmental pressure fluctuations or electromagnetic noise interference of sensors,leading to inaccurate *** this paper,a differential pressure fitting method for an asymmetric differential pressure cylinder is *** overcomes the limitation of the detection efficiency caused by the asynchronous temperature recovery of the two chambers in the asymmetric differential pressure method and uses the differential pressure substitution equation to replace the differential calculation of the differential *** improved differential pressure method proposes an innovation based on the detection principle and calculation ***,the influence of the parameters in the differential pressure substitution equation on the leakage calculation results was simulated,and the specific physical significance of the parameters of the differential pressure substitution equation was *** experiments verified the fitting effect and proved the accuracy of this *** with the traditional differential pressure method,the maximum leakage deviation of inhibition was 0.5 L/***,this method can be used to detect leaks in air tanks.

关键词： Leakage detection System identification Asymmetric tank Pneumatics Measurement Flow characteristics

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Mechanically induced Ca^(2+) oscillations in osteocytes release extracellular vesicles and enhance bone formation

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Bone Research 2018年第1期6卷 72-82页

作者： Andrea E.Morrell Genevieve N.Brown Samuel T.Robinson Rachel L.Sattler Andrew D.Baik Gehua Zhen Xu Cao Lynda F.Bonewald Weiyang Jin Lance C.Kam X.Edward Guo Bone Bioengineering Laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University center for musculoskeletal Research Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University Indiana center for musculoskeletal Health Indiana University School of Medicine Microscale Biocomplexity Laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University

The vast osteocytic network is believed to orchestrate bone metabolic activity in response to mechanical stimuli through production of sclerostin, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin(OPG). However, the mechanisms of osteocyte mechanotransduction remain poorly understood. We've previously shown that osteocyte mechanosensitivity is encoded through unique intracellular calcium (Ca^(2+) ) dynamics. Here, by simultaneously monitoring Ca^(2+) and actin dynamics in single cells exposed to fluid shear flow, we detected actin network contractions immediately upon onset of flow-induced Ca^(2+) transients, which were facilitated by smooth muscle myosin and further confirmed in native osteocytes ex vivo. Actomyosin contractions have been linked to the secretion of extracellular vesicles(EVs), and our studies demonstrate that mechanical stimulation upregulates EV production in osteocytes through immunostaining for the secretory vesicle marker Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1(LAMP1) and quantifying EV release in conditioned medium, both of which are blunted when Ca^(2+) signaling was inhibited by neomycin. Axial tibia compression was used to induce anabolic bone formation responses in mice, revealing upregulated LAMP1 and expected downregulation of sclerostin in vivo. This load-related increase in LAMP1 expression was inhibited in neomycin-injected mice compared to ***-computed tomography revealed significant load-related increases in both trabecular bone volume fraction and cortical thickness after two weeks of loading, which were blunted by neomycin treatment. In summary, we found mechanical stimulation of osteocytes activates Ca^(2+) -dependent contractions and enhances the production and release of EVs containing bone regulatory proteins. Further, blocking Ca^(2+) signaling significantly attenuates adaptation to mechanical loading in vivo, suggesting a critical role for Ca^(2+) -mediated signaling in bone adaptation.

关键词： OPG conditioned medium Ca2+-dependent

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Analysis of new bone,cartilage,and fibrosis tissue in healing murine allografts using whole slide imaging and a new automated histomorphometric algorithm

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Bone Research 2015年第4期3卷 226-234页

作者： Longze Zhang Martin Chang Christopher A Beck Edward M Schwarz Brendan F Boyce center for musculoskeletal Research School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Rochester Medical Center

Histomorphometric analysis of histologic sections of normal and diseased bone samples,such as healing allografts and fractures,is widely used in bone ***,the utility of traditional semi-automated methods is limited because they are labor-intensive and can have high interobserver variability depending upon the parameters being assessed,and primary data cannot be re-analyzed *** histomorphometry has long been recognized as a solution for these issues,and recently has become more feasible with the development of digital whole slide imaging and computerized image analysis systems that can interact with digital ***,we describe the development and validation of an automated application（algorithm）using Visiopharm＇s image analysis system to quantify newly formed bone,cartilage,and fibrous tissue in healing murine femoral allografts in high-quality digital images of H＆E/alcian blue-stained decalcified histologic *** validate this algorithm,we compared the results obtained independently using OsteoMeasureTM and Visiopharm image analysis *** intraclass correlation coefficient between Visiopharm and OsteoMeasure was very close to one for all tissue elements tested,indicating nearly perfect reproducibility across *** new algorithm represents an accurate and labor-efficient method to quantify bone,cartilage,and fibrous tissue in healing mouse allografts.

关键词： cartilage slide automated healing fibrous Figure automatically sections segmentation quantify

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Skeletal Blood Flow in Bone Repair and Maintenance

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Bone Research 2013年第4期1卷 311-322页

作者： Ryan E.Tomlinson Matthew J.Silva Department of Orthopaedic surgery Washington University in St.Louis musculoskeletal Research center Washington University in St.Louis

Bone is a highly vascularized tissue, although this aspect of bone is often overlooked. In this article, the importance of blood flow in bone repair and regeneration will be reviewed. First, the skeletal vascular anato- my, with an emphasis on long bones, the distinct mechanisms for vascularizing bone tissue, and methods for remodeling existing vasculature are discussed. Next, techniques for quantifying bone blood flow are briefly summarized. Finally, the body of experimental work that demonstrates the role of bone blood flow in fracture healing, distraction osteogenesis, osteoporosis, disuse osteopenia, and bone grafting is examined. These results illustrate that adequate bone blood flow is an important clinical consideration, particularly during bone regeneration and in at-risk patient groups.

关键词： blood flow angiogenesis vascular remodeling fracture bone repair

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Knowledge of radiation exposure associated with common trauma imaging modalities among orthopaedic surgeons,emergency medicine physicians,and general surgeons in the United States

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第4期14卷 294-301页

作者： Fady Y.Hijji Andrew D.Schneider Matthew D.Thomas Joseph G.Lyons Daniel D.Bohl Jennifer L.Jerele Michael J.Prayson Department of Orthopaedic surgery Wright State University Boonshoft School of MedicineDayton OH 45409USA Department of Orthopaedic surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicago IL 60612USA

BACKGROUND:Few contemporary studies have assessed physicians’knowledge of radiation exposure associated with common imaging studies,especially in trauma *** purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of physicians involved in caring for trauma patients regarding the effective radiation doses of musculoskeletal(MSK)imaging studies routinely utilized in the trauma ***:An electronic survey was distributed to United States orthopaedic surgery,general surgery,and emergency medicine(EM)residency *** were asked to estimate the radiation dose for common imaging modalities of the pelvis,lumbar spine,and lower extremity,in terms of chest X-ray(CXR)*** estimates were compared to the true effective radiation ***,participants were asked to report the frequency of discussing radiation risk with ***:A total of 218 physicians completed the survey;102(46.8%)were EM physicians,88(40.4%)wereorthopaedicsurgeons,and28(12.8%)*** underestimated the effective radiation doses of nearly all imaging modalities,most notably for pelvic computed tomaography(CT)(median 50 CXR estimation vs.162 CXR actual)and lumbar CT(median 50 CXR estimation vs.638 CXR actual).There was no difference between physician specialties regarding estimation accuracy(P=0.133).Physicians who regularly discussed radiation risks with patients more accurately estimated radiation exposure(P=0.007).CONCLUSION:The knowledge among orthopaedic and general surgeons and EM physicians regarding the radiation exposure associated with common MSK trauma imaging is *** investigation with larger scale studies is warranted,and additional education in this area may improve care.

关键词： Radiation dosage Radiation exposure Radiation protection X-ray Emergency department

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Polydopamine-modified metal-organic frameworks nanoparticles enhance the corrosion resistance and bioactivity of polycaprolactone coating on high-purity magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 2070-2089页

作者： Qingyun Fu Shaojie He Junjie Yang Ziyu Su Ping Li Xincheng Yu Weihong Jin Shulan Xu Zhentao Yu Dingsheng Zha center of Oral Implantology Stomatological HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 511400China Institute of Advanced Wear&Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Guangzhou 510630China

Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)and its alloys exhibit excellent biocompatibility and mechanical compatibility,demonstrating tremendous potential for applications in ***,the rapid degradation rate has limited their clinical ***(PCL)is commonly employed as a polymer coating to impede the rapid degradation of ***,its long-term anti-corrosion capability and bioactivity are *** address these issues,polydopamine(PDA)-modified zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(PZIF-8)bioactive nanoparticles are fabricated and incorporated into the PCL *** PZIF-8 particles,featuring catechol motifs,can enhance the compactness of the PCL coating,reduce its defects,and possess biomineralization ability,thereby effectively improving its anti-corrosive and bioactive ***,the active substances released from the degradation of the PZIF-8 particles such as Zn^(2+)and PDA are beneficial for *** corrosion tests indicate that the corrosion current density of PCL-treated sample decreases by more than one order of magnitude and the amount of H_(2)released decreases from 0.23±0.12 to 0.08±0.08 ml cm^(-2)after doping with the ***,the improved corrosion resistance and released PDA and Zn^(2+)from the coating can promote osteogenic differentiation by up-regulating the expression of alkaline phosphatase activity,related osteogenic genes,and *** addition,in vivo implantation experiments in rabbit femur defects further offer strong evidence that the doping of PZIF-8 nanoparticles accelerates bone reconstruction of the PCL *** summary,this work implies a new strategy to fabricate a PCL-based coating on Mg-based implants by introducing the PZIF-8 particles for orthopedic applications.

关键词： Polydopamine ZIF-8 High-purity magnesium Polycaprolactone coating Anticorrosion Bone regeneration

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Military training-related abdominal injuries and diseases:Common types,prevention and treatment

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2022年第4期25卷 187-192页

作者： Chuan Pang Zhi-Da Chen Bo Wei Wen-Tong Xu Hong-Qing Xi Division of Abdominal Trauma surgery Department of General SurgeryFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing226010China

Military training is intense,difficult and often dangerous,so all kinds of injuries or diseases frequently occur during *** of the previous studies and reviews on military training-related injuries focused on musculoskeletal system,whereas there are no reviews of abdominal injuries and *** the incidence of military training-related abdominal injuries and diseases is relatively low,the patients’condition is often critical especially in the presence of abdominal organ injury,leading to multiorgan dysfunction syndrome and even *** paper elaborates on common types of military training-related abdominal injuries and diseases as well as the prevention and treatment measures,which provides some basis for scientific and reasonable training and improvement of medical security.

关键词： Military training Injuries Abdomen Prevention Treatment

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Functionalized TiCu/TiCuN coating promotes osteoporotic fracture healing by upregulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 126-139页

作者： Jia Tan Ling Ren Kai Xie Lei Wang Wenbo Jiang Yu Guo Yongqiang Hao Department of Orthopaedic surgery Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantsShanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Clinical and Translational Research center for 3D Printing Technology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110000China musculoskeletal Tumor center Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China

Osteoporosis results in decreased bone mass and insufficient osteogenic *** titanium alloy implants have insufficient osteoinductivity and delayed/incomplete fracture union can occur when used to treat osteoporotic *** ions have good osteogenic activity,but their dose-dependent cytotoxicity limits their clinical use for bone *** this study,titanium alloy implants functionalized with a TiCu/TiCuN coating by arc ion plating achieved a controlled release of copper ions in vitro for 28 *** coated alloy was co-cultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and showed excellent biocompatibility and osteoinductivity in vitro.A further exploration of the underlying mechanism by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting revealed that the enhancement effects are related to the upregulation of genes and proteins(such as axin2,β-catenin,GSK-3β,p-GSK-3β,LEF1 and TCF1/TCF7)involved in the Wnt/β-catenin *** vivo experiments showed that the TiCu/TiCuN coating significantly promoted osteoporotic fracture healing in a rat femur fracture model,and has good in vivo biocompatibility based on various staining *** study confirmed that TiCu/TiCuN-coated Ti promotes osteoporotic fracture healing associated with the Wnt *** the coating effectively accelerates the healing of osteoporotic fractures and improves bone quality,it has significant clinical application prospects.

关键词： nitride-titanium-copper orthopaedic implant osteogenesis osteointegration osteoporotic fractures

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Upper extremity vascular injuries:Etiology,management and outcome

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 159-167页

作者： Nikolaos Stefanou Theodoros Mylonas Fragkiskos A Angelis Christina Arnaoutoglou Sokratis E Varitimidis Zoe H Dailiana Department of Orthopaedic surgery Faculty of MedicineSchool of Health SciencesUniversity of ThessalyUniversity Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41500Greece Department of Hand Upper Extremity and MicrosurgeryIASO ThessaliasLarissa 41500Greece

BACKGROUND Vascular injuries of the upper extremities are considered relatively rare injuries affecting mostly the young *** often are complex injuries accompanied by other musculoskeletal trauma or trauma in other anatomic *** management is challenging since they can lead to disabilities with major socioeconomic *** To analyze data about the mechanism of injury,the management algorithm and functional outcomes of vascular injuries of the upper *** One hundred and fifteen patients(96 males and 19 females)with arterial injuries of the upper extremity treated in a tertiary trauma center from January 2003 to December 2022 was *** patients’age was 33.7 years and the mean follow up time was 7.4 *** with Mangled Extremity Severity Score≥7 and Injury Severity Score≥20,previous upper limb surgery or major trauma and any neuromuscular or psychiatric disease were excluded,from the *** A penetrating trauma was the most common cause of *** radial artery was the artery injured in most of the cases(37.4%)followed by the ulnar(29.5%),the brachial(12.1%)and the axillary(6%).A simultaneous injury of both of the forearm’s arteries was in 15.6%of the *** 93%of the cases there were other concomitant musculoskeletal injuries of the *** lacerations were the most common,followed by nerve *** postoperative functional scores(full Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder,and Hand and VAS)had very satisfactory *** Although vascular injuries of the upper extremity are rare,they may occur in the context of major combined musculoskeletal *** a multidisciplinary approach is essential to optimize outcome,the ability of trained hand surgeons to repair all injuries in combined vascular and musculoskeletal upper extremity trauma,excluding isolated vascular injuries,ensures shorter operative times and better functional outcomes.

关键词： Upper extremity Vascular injuries Complex injuries musculoskeletal trauma Mangled extremity

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