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Movement Trend Alterations in the Periaqueductal Gray(PAG)-Employed Ratbot Navigation Are Correlated with Stimulation Parameters

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 866-876页

作者： Sina Khajei Abed Khorasani Mohammad Reza Afarinesh Vahid Sheibani Neuroscience Research center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran cognitive Neuroscience Research center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran

In previous studies,Periaqueductal Gray(PAG)stimulation was used to stop ratbots from *** to the homology between the PAG and the intercollicular nucleus,which has been used for forward movement in birds,we investigated the possibility of PAG application to induce forward locomotion for the first *** a corridor maze,the traveled distances via PAG electrical stimulation were examined in nine Wistar male rats during three sessions.A custom-designed stimulator was developed to apply the *** results showed reductions in responses to stimulation over ***,the traveled distances had negative slopes during the consecutive trials(in 8 out of the 9 rats),and the slope mean was significantly different from *** was a strong correlation between the stimulation parameters(electric Charge per Phase(CPP)and the Number of Pulses(NP))and the observed *** negative Movement Slopes(MS)were highly correlated with the CPP and the NP,as the Pearson's linear correlation coefficients were−0.87 and−0.79,*** MS-CPP coefficients of determination(R-squared)were also between 0.76 and *** addition,the MS-NP coefficients of determination were between 0.63 and ***,it is concluded that the electrical stimulation parameters influence the behavioral outcomes ***,the PAG area may be considered a suitable candidate for forward locomotion control in the future if the area is harnessed effectively to prevent undesirable chaotic behaviors.

关键词： Periaqueductal Gray(PAG) Navigation Ratbot Animal-robot Forward locomotion Movement slope

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Hippocampal dopamine as a key regulator for learning deficits in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1193-1194页

作者： Kun Wu Shuai Liu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education) Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU) School of Psychology and Cognitive Science East China Normal University Shanghai Changning Mental Health center NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai

Parkinson’s disease(PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with clinical symptoms of involuntary or uncontrollable movements such as tremors,rigidity,and *** learning deficit is largely overlooked in the pas... 详细信息

关键词： MEMORY

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A comparison of statistical learning of naturalistic textures between DCNNs and the human visual hierarchy

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2310-2318页

作者： LU XinCheng YUAN ZiQi ZHANG YiChi AI HaiLin CHENG SiYuan GE YiRan FANG Fang CHEN NiHong Department of Psychological and cognitive Sciences Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University School of Psychological and cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health Peking University Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education) Peking University Peking-Tsinghua center for Life Sciences Peking University IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking University State Key Laboratory of Brain and cognitive Science Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua University

The visual system continuously adapts to the statistical properties of the environment. Existing evidence shows a close resemblance between deep convolutional neural networks(CNNs) and primate visual stream in neural selectivity to naturalistic textures above the primary visual processing stage. This study delves into the mechanisms of perceptual learning in CNNs,focusing on how they assimilate the high-order statistics of natural textures. Our results show that a CNN model achieves a similar performance improvement as humans, as manifested in the learning pattern across different types of high-order image statistics. While L2 was the first stage exhibiting texture selectivity, we found that stages beyond L2 were critically involved in learning. The significant contribution of L4 to learning was manifested both in the modulations of texture-selective responses and in the consequences of training with frozen connection weights. Our findings highlight learning-dependent plasticity in the mid-to-high-level areas of the visual hierarchy. This research introduces an AI-inspired approach for studying learning-induced cortical plasticity, utilizing DCNNs as an experimental framework to formulate testable predictions for empirical brain studies.

关键词： CNN perceptual learning naturalistic texture psychophysics

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Association between the frontoparietal network,clinical symptoms and treatment response in individuals with untreated anorexia nervosa

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General Psychiatry 2024年第3期37卷 364-374页

作者： Qianqian He Hui Zheng Jialin Zhang Ling Yue Qing Kang Cheng Lian Lei Guo Yan Chen Yanran Hu Yuping Wang Sufang Peng Zhen Wang Qiang Liu Jue Chen Department of Clinical Psychology Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Clinical Psychology Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Brain Health InstituteNational Center for Mental DisordersShanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Bejing Normal UniversityBeijingChina

Background Anorexia nervosa(AN)has been characterised as a psychiatric disorder associated with increased ***,it remains difficult to predict treatment response in patients with *** cognitive abilities are known to be resistant to *** has been established that the frontoparietal control network(FPCN)is the direct counterpart of the executive control ***,the resting-state brain activity of the FPCN may serve as a biomarker to predict treatment response in *** The study aimed to investigate the association between resting-state functional connectivity(RSFC)of the FPCN,clinical symptoms and treatment response in patients with *** In this case-control study,79 female patients with AN and no prior treatment from the Shanghai Mental Health center and 40 matched healthy controls(HCs)were recruited from January 2015 to March *** participants completed the Questionnaire Versionof the Eating Disorder Examination(version 6.0)to assess the severity of their eating disorder ***,RSFC data were obtained from all participants at baseline by functional magnetic resonance *** with AN underwent routine outpatient treatment at the 4th and 12th week,during which time their clinical symptoms were evaluated using the same measures as at *** Among the 79 patients,40 completed the 4-week follow-up and 35 completed the 12-week *** RSFC from the right posterior parietal cortex(PPC)and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(diPFC)increased in 79 patients with AN vs 40 HCs after controlling for depression and anxiety *** multiple linear regression,the RSFC of the PPC to the inferior frontal gyrus was found to be a significant factor for self-reported eating disorder symptoms at baseline and the treatment response to cognitive preoccupations about eating and body image,after controlling for age,age of onset and body mass *** RSFC in the dIPFC to the middle temporal gyrus and the

关键词： symptoms routine prevention

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Dynamic Organization of Large-scale Functional Brain Networks Supports Interactions Between Emotion and Executive Control

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第7期40卷 981-991页

作者： Haiyang Geng Pengfei Xu Andre Aleman Shaozheng Qin Yue-Jia Luo State Key Laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Translational ResearchShanghai 200040China Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education(BNU)Faculty of PsychologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China center for Neuroimaging Shenzhen Institute of NeuroscienceShenzhen 518107China University of Groningen Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and SystemsSection Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Institute for Neuropsychological Rehabilitation University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266113China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience Magnetic Resonance ImagingCenter for Brain Disorders and Cognitive SciencesShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China

Emotion and executive control are often conceptualized as two distinct modes of human brain ***,however,is known about how the dynamic organization of large-scale functional brain networks that support flexible emotion processing and executive control,especially their *** amygdala and prefrontal systems have long been thought to play crucial roles in these *** advances in human neuroimaging studies have begun to delineate functional organization principles among the large-scale brain networks underlying emotion,executive control,and their ***,we propose a dynamic brain network model to account for interactive competition between emotion and executive control by reviewing recent resting-state and task-related neuroimaging studies using network-based *** this model,dynamic interactions among the executive control network,the salience network,the default mode network,and sensorimotor networks enable dynamic processes of emotion and support flexible executive control of multiple processes;neural oscillations across multiple frequency bands and the locus coeruleus−norepinephrine pathway serve as communicational mechanisms underlying dynamic synergy among large-scale functional brain *** model has important implications for understanding how the dynamic organization of complex brain systems and networks empowers flexible cognitive and affective functions.

关键词： Dynamic brain network Emotion Executive control Salience network Executive control network Default mode network

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Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald P.Hande Ozdinler Department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam center for cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. Protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and Drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SPAST spastin

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Photonic neuromorphic architecture for tens-of-task lifelong learning

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 519-530页

作者： Yuan Cheng Jianing Zhang Tiankuang Zhou Yuyan Wang Zhihao Xu Xiaoyun Yuan Lu Fang Sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Beijing 100084China Institute for Brain and cognitive Science Tsinghua University(THUIBCS)Beijing 100084China

Scalable,high-capacity,and low-power computing architecture is the primary assurance for increasingly manifold and large-scale machine learning *** electronic artificial agents by conventional power-hungry processors have faced the issues of energy and scaling walls,hindering them from the sustainable performance improvement and iterative multi-task *** to another modality of light,photonic computing has been progressively applied in high-efficient neuromorphic ***,we innovate a reconfigurable lifelong-learning optical neural network(L2 ONN),for highly-integrated tens-of-task machine intelligence with elaborated algorithm-hardware *** from the inherent sparsity and parallelism in massive photonic connections,L2 ONN learns each single task by adaptively activating sparse photonic neuron connections in the coherent light field,while incrementally acquiring expertise on various tasks by gradually enlarging the *** multi-task optical features are parallelly processed by multi-spectrum representations allocated with different *** evaluations on freespace and on-chip architectures confirm that for the first time,L2 ONN avoided the catastrophic forgetting issue of photonic computing,owning versatile skills on challenging tens-of-tasks(vision classification,voice recognition,medical diagnosis,etc.)with a single ***,L2 ONN achieves more than an order of magnitude higher efficiency than the representative electronic artificial neural networks,and 14×larger capacity than existing optical neural networks while maintaining competitive performance on each individual *** proposed photonic neuromorphic architecture points out a new form of lifelong learning scheme,permitting terminal/edge AI systems with light-speed efficiency and unprecedented scalability.

关键词： life neural versatile

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TRP Channels in Stroke

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1141-1159页

作者： Pengyu Zong Cindy XLi Jianlin Feng Mara Cicchetti Lixia Yue Department of Cell Biology Calhoun Cardiology CenterSchool of Medicine(UConn Health)University of ConnecticutFarmingtonCT 06030USA Institute for the Brain and cognitive Sciences University of Connecticut337 Mansfield RoadUnit 1272StorrsCT 06269USA Present Address:Department of Neuroscience University of Pittsburgh4200 Fifth AvePittsburghPA 15260USA

Ischemic stroke is a devastating disease that affects millions of patients ***,there are no effective medications for mitigating brain injury after ischemic *** channels are evolutionally ancient biosensors that detect external stimuli as well as tissue or cellular *** date,many members of the TRP superfamily have been reported to contribute to ischemic brain injury,including the TRPC subfamily(1,3,4,5,6,7),TRPV subfamily(1,2,3,4)and TRPM subfamily(2,4,7).These TRP channels share structural similarities but have distinct channel functions and *** activation during ischemic stroke can be beneficial,detrimental,or even *** this review,we focus on discussing the interesting features of stroke-related TRP channels and summarizing the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for their involvement in ischemic brain injury.

关键词： Stroke TRP channels-Neuronal death Immune cell infiltration Blood-brain barrier Glial activation

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Forebrain excitatory neuron-specific loss of Brpf1 attenuates excitatory synaptic transmission and impairs spatial and fear memory

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1133-1141页

作者： Baicheng Zhao Hang Zhang Ying Liu Gaoyu Zu Yuxiao Zhang Jiayi Hu Shuai Liu Linya You Department of Human Anatomy&Histoembryology School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics(Ministry of Education) Affiliated Mental Health Center(ECNU)School of Psychology and Cognitive ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai Changning Mental Health center ShanghaiChina NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai ShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention of Shanghai ShanghaiChina

Bromodomain and plant homeodomain(PHD)finger containing protein 1(Brpf1)is an activator and scaffold protein of a multiunit complex that includes other components involving lysine acetyltransferase(KAT)6A/6B/***1,KAT6A,and KAT6B mutations were identified as the causal genes of neurodevelopmental disorders leading to intellectual *** previous work revealed strong and specific expression of Brpf1 in both the postnatal and adult forebrain,especially the hippocampus,which has essential roles in learning and ***,we hypothesized that Brpf1 plays critical roles in the function of forebrain excitatory neurons,and that its deficiency leads to learning and memory *** test this,we knocked out Brpf1 in forebrain excitatory neurons using *** found that Brpf1 deficiency reduced the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and downregulated the expression of genes Pcdhgb1,Slc16a7,Robo3,and Rho,which are related to neural development,synapse function,and memory,thereby damaging spatial and fear memory in *** findings help explain the mechanisms of intellectual impairment in patients with BRPF1 mutation.

关键词： behavioral test Brpf1 CAMKIIa-Cre intellectual disability miniature excitatory postsynaptic current mRNA-Seq

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Neuron-to-astrocyte proteostatic stress signaling in response to tau pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 505-506页

作者： Kevin Llewelyn Batenburg Wiep Scheper Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Human GeneticsAmsterdam Neuroscience-NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Functional Genomics Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive ResearchVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Neuroscience-NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Maintenance of protein homeostasis or“proteostasis”is essential for the functioning and viability of *** is in particular the case for cells like neurons that cannot self-renew and acquire unique functional properties during their *** proteostatic stress responses are in place to protect cells from damage in case of proteostatic *** integrated stress response(ISR)is one of the key proteostatic stress responses in the cell(Costa-Mattioli and Walter,2020).The ISR is the downstream convergence point for the four stress-induced eIF2αkinases(EIF2AK1-4)that control stress-regulated protein translation via phosphorylation of the translation factor eIF2α.ISR activation results in a transient reduction of global translation while it concomitantly enhances the translation of specific mRNAs,including that encoding the activating transcription factor 4(ATF4).Together,the translational control mediated by the ISR results in a temporary reduction of the overall protein load and the selectively increased expression of proteins that contribute to restoration of the proteostatic balance.

关键词： translation stress Together

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