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Postaurical injection is a systemic delivery supported by symmetric distribution of Gd-DOTA in both the ipsilateral and contralateral ears

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Journal of Otology 2015年第4期10卷 136-142页

作者： Jing Zou Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Center for Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery of Chinese PLA Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Hearing and balance Research Unit Field of Oto-laryngology School of Medicine University of Tampere

Postaurical injection of therapeutics was recently applied in clinical practice to treat inner ear diseases based on supposed existence of a direct channel from the postaurical area to the inner ear. Doubting on the associated reports and aiming to provide evidence on the inner ear uptake mechanism, the present study tracked the dynamic distribution of gadolinium-tetra-azacyclo-dodecane-tetra-acetic acid (Gd-DOTA) in rat inner ears after postaurical injection using MRI. A targeted tympanic medial wall delivery was utilized as control. The results showed that, at the early time points after postaurical injection, Gd-DOTA distributed mainly in tissues surrounding the bulla, temporal bone and skull and neck space. In the inner ear, there was gradual uptake of Gd-DOTA on both the ipsilateral and contralateral sides with equal signal intensities. There was no sign of direct channel carrying the agent from the postaurical area to the inner ear. Targeted tympanic medial wall delivery induced significantly greater uptake of Gd-DOTA in the inner ear than did postaurical injection. At 30 min post-administration, targeted tympanic medial wall delivery yielded 4.6-folds higher signal intensity than did postaurical injection. The total dose of Gd-DOTA delivered by the targeted tympanic medial wall approach was only 0.1% of that delivered by postaurical injection. In conclusion, postaurical injection is a systemic administration, which is similar to hypodermic injection, rather than a focal delivery method. By contraries, targeted tympanic medial wall delivery induces fast and abundant uptake of Gd-DOTA in the ipsilateral inner ear without significant distribution in unwanted areas.

关键词： Focal drug delivery Inner ear Intratympanic delivery Hypodermic injection Magnetic resonance imaging

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Robust interface and excellent as-built mechanical properties of Ti–6Al–4V fabricated through laser-aided additive manufacturing with powder and wire

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 154-168页

作者： Fei Weng Guijun Bi Youxiang Chew Shang Sui Chaolin Tan Zhenglin Du Jinlong Su Fern Lan Ng Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationShandong Engineering&Technology Research Center for Superhard MaterialSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510095China Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology 5 Cleantech Loop636732Singapore

The feasibility of manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V samples through a combination of laser-aided additive manufacturing with powder(LAAM_(p))and wire(LAAM_(w))was explored.A process study was first conducted to successfully circumvent defects in Ti-6Al-4V deposits for LAAM_(p) and LAAM_(w),*** the optimized process parameters,robust interfaces were achieved between powder/wire deposits and the forged substrate,as well as between powder and wire *** characterization results revealed the epitaxial prior β grains in the deposited Ti-6Al-4V,wherein the powder deposit was dominated by a finerα′microstructure and the wire deposit was characterized by lamellar α *** mechanisms of microstructure formation and correlation with mechanical behavior were analyzed and *** mechanical properties of the interfacial samples can meet the requirements of the relevant Aerospace Material Specifications(AMS 6932)even without post heat *** fracture occurred within the interfacial area,further suggesting the robust *** findings of this study highlighted the feasibility of combining LAAM_(p) and LAAM_(w) in the direct manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V parts in accordance with the required dimensional resolution and deposition rate,together with sound strength and ductility balance in the as-built condition.

关键词： laser-aided additive manufacturing powder deposition wire deposition interfacial characteristic mechanical behavior

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A screening analysis of the GJB2 c.176 del 16 mutation responsible for hereditary deafness in a Chinese family

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Journal of Otology 2016年第3期11卷 134-137页

作者： Hao Jiang Xi Shi Shiwei Qiu Yanfen Dong Yuehua Qiao Dongzhi Wei New World Institute of Biotechnology State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology The Institute of Audiology and balance Science of Xuzhou Medical University Clinical Hearing center of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University

Objective:To determine whether a new-born child from a family carrying a deafness gene needs cochlear implantation to avoid dysphonia by screening and sequencing a deafness-related ***:Both screening and sequencing results confirmed that the new born child had a normal GJB2 gene despite the fact that she has a brother suffering from hearing loss triggered by an allelic GJB2 c.176 del 16 *** cloned the GJB2 genes derived from their respective blood genomic DNA into GFP fused plasmids and transfected those plasmids into the 293 T cell line to test for gene *** the mutated GJB2gene(GJB2 c.176 del 16) of her deaf brother was found to be unable to form the gap junction structure between two adjacent cells,the baby girl’s GJB2 gene ran into no such ***:The screening and sequencing as well as the GJB2 gene function tests invariably showed results consistent with the ABR tested hearing phenotype,which means that the child,with a normal wild type GJB2 gene,does not need early intervention to prevent her from developing hearing loss and dysphonia at a later stage in life.

关键词： Deafness gene screening GJB2 Gap junction

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Animal models of cochlear implant: Classification and update

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Journal of Otology 2024年第3期19卷 173-177页

作者： Haiqiao Du Jianan Li Wei Chen Weiwei Guo Shiming Yang Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Hearing and balance Science BeijingChina National Clinical Research center for Otolaryngologic Diseases BeijingChina Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment BeijingChina

Cochlear implantation(CI)is currently recognized as the most effective treatment for severe to profound sensorineural deafness and is considered one of the most successful neural *** its inception in 1961,cochlear implantation has expanded its range of applications to encompass younger newborns,older people,and individuals with unilateral hearing *** addition,it has improved its surgical methods to minimize the occurrence of ***,notable advancements have been made in the design of electrodes,techniques for speech processing,and software for ***,inflammation,fibrosis,and even ossification are observed in the cochlea of nearly all cochlear implant(CI)*** tissue responses might have a negative impact on the performance of the implants,residual hearing,and the results of post-operative CI *** models are significant translational tools that offer essential preclinical data for possible ***,this study concentrates on the existing animal models used for cochlear implantation,highlights the advancements made in research,and offers insights into potential future research areas.

关键词： Cochlear implantation Animal models Foreign body response Fibrosis Residual hearing

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Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in miniature pigs

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Journal of Otology 2016年第2期11卷 88-93页

作者： Xi Shi Yan Zhang Ya Li Shiwei Qiu Shili Zhang Yaohan Li Na Yuan Yuehua Qiao Shiming Yang Institute of Audiology and balance Science Xuzhou Medical University Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery First Hospital of Jilin University Clinical Hearing center Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Department of OtolaryngologydHead & Neck Surgery Institute of Otolaryngology of PLA Chinese PLA General Hospital

Objective:To report detection of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) in the miniature pig. Methods:Potentials evoked by 1000 Hz tone bursts were recorded from neck extensor muscles and the masseter muscles in normal adult Bama miniature pigs anesthetized with 3%pentobarbital sodium and Carbachol II. Results:The latency of the first positive wave P from neck extensor muscles was 7.65 ± 0.64 ms, with an amplitude of 1.66 ± 0.34 uv and a rate of successful induction of 75%at 80 dB SPL. The latency of potentials evoked from the masseter muscles was 7.60 ± 0.78 ms, with an amplitude of 1.31 ± 0.28 uv and a rate successful induction of 66%at 80 dB SPL. Conclusion:The latencies and thresholds of VEMPs recorded from the neck extensor muscle and the masseter muscle appear to be comparable in normal adult Bama miniature pigs, although the amplitude recorded from the neck extensor muscle seems to be higher than that from the masseter muscle. However, because of their usually relatively superficial and easily accessible location, as well as their large volume and strong contractions, masseter muscles may be better target muscles for recording myogenic potentials.

关键词： Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials Miniature pig Masseter myogenic potential

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Integrating cupping therapy in the management of tinnitus and dizziness:a pilot study

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TMR Non-Drug Therapy 2021年第2期4卷 32-38页

作者： Zainab Almusleh Maha Al Sulaiteen Khalid AHadi Entissar Hassan Amna Ali Jaleel Charalil Senior Consultant Hearing&Balance DisordersHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Specialist Hearing&balance Disorders Hamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Hearing&balance technician Hamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar

Background:Cupping therapy is one of integrative medicine modalities which is used by several *** mechanism of action is not well known but there are several theories explained how it can play a rule in the treatment of *** recent years,huge advances have taken place in understanding of inner ear pathophysiology causing sensorineural hearing loss,tinnitus,and *** articles providing evidence of acupuncture treating dizziness and vertigo but no studies of cupping *** aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of integrating wet cupping therapy in the management of tinnitus and dizziness associated with ear ***:This is a prospective interventional pilot study in which pre and post intervention outcomes(tinnitus handicap inventory and dizziness handicap inventory)were assessed and compared.27 patients diagnosed with Ménière's disease and idiopathic tinnitus or tinnitus secondary to inner ear pathology were included in this study and received usual medical treatment and wet cupping ***:There was a significant improvement after 6 sessions of cupping in tinnitus handicap inventory and dizziness handicap inventory but not in patient’s *** adverse events were reported in this ***:Wet cupping therapy demonstrates a promising effectiveness in reducing discomforts of both dizziness and tinnitus.A large scale randomized controlled trial is recommended.

关键词： Cupping therapy Inner ear disease Tinnitus Meniere’s disease Dizziness

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Square wave manoeuvre for apogeotropic variant of horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in neck restricted patients

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Journal of Otology 2021年第2期16卷 65-70页

作者： Dario A.Yacovino Estefania Zanotti Karen Roman Timothy C.Hain Department of Neurology Dr.Cesar Milstein HospitalBuenos AiresArgentina Memory and balance Clinic Buenos AiresArgentina Northwestern University ChicagoILUSA

Objective:We aimed to describe the clinical features of the apogeotropic variant of horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(HC BPPV-AG)in a cluster of patients with restrictive neck movement disorders and a new therapeutic manoeuvre for its ***:In a retrospective review of cases from an ambulatory tertiary referral center,patients with HC BPPV-AG in combination with neck movement restriction that prevented any classical manual repositioning procedure or who were refractory to canalith repositioning manoeuvres,were treated with a new manoeuvre comprised of sequential square-wave pattern of head and body supine rotations while nystagmus was being monitored,until either an apogeotropic to geotropic conversion or resolution of the nystagmus was ***:Fifteen patients were *** but one[14/15 cases]showed a positive therapeutic response to the repositioning procedure in a single *** two cases,a direct relief of vertigo and elimination of nystagmus was observed without an intermediate geotropic *** in three patients the affected ear was not initially identified,it was ultimately identified and successfully treated by the square wave manoeuvre in all of ***:The square-wave manoeuvre is an alternative for HC BPPV-AG treatment in either cases with neck restriction,where the affected side is not well identified at the bedside or when other manoeuvres fail to resolve the HC BPPV-AG.

关键词： Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Horizontal canal Cupulolithiasis treatment

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Improving Macroeconomic Governance through balance Sheet Management

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China Forex 2024年第3期 16-21页

作者： ZHANG Xiaojing LIU Lei National Institution for Finance&Development Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS) the center for National balance Sheet Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS)

China's macro leverage ratio increasedbyo.8percentage points in the second quarter of 2024,from 294.8%at the end of the first quarter to 295.6%.Among them,the household sectorleverage ratio decreased by o.5 percentage points,dropping from 64.0%in the first quarter to 63.5%;the leverage ratio of the non-financial corporate(NFC)sector increased by o.2percentage points,rising from 174.1%at the end of the first quarter to 174.3%;the government sector leverage ratio increased by 1.1 percentage points,rising from 56.7%at the end of the first quarter to 57.8%.The M2/GDPratiofell by2.1percentage points,from 239.5%at the end of the first quarter to 237.4%;the social financing stock/GDP ratio increased by o.8 percentage points,from 306.7%at the end of the first quarter to 307.5%.

关键词： M2/GDP quarter financial

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Inner ear barriers to nanomedicine-augmented drug delivery and imaging

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Journal of Otology 2016年第4期11卷 -页

作者： Jing Zou Ilmari Pyykk Jari Hyttinen Department of Otolaryngology e Head and Neck Surgery Center for Otolaryngology e Head & Neck Surgery of Chinese PLAChanghai HospitalSecond Military Medical University Hearing and balance Research Unit Field of OtolaryngologySchool of MedicineUniversity of Tampere Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Bio Medi TechTampere University of Technology

There are several challenges to inner ear drug delivery and imaging due to the existence of tight biological barriers to the target structure and the dense bone surrounding it. Advances in imaging and nanomedicine may provide knowledge for overcoming the existing limitations to both the diagnosis and treatment of inner ear diseases. Novel techniques have improved the efficacy of drug delivery and targeting to the inner ear, as well as the quality and accuracy of imaging this structure. In this review, we will describe the pathways and biological barriers of the inner ear regarding drug delivery, the beneficial applications and limitations of the imaging techniques available for inner ear research, the behavior of engineered nanomaterials in inner ear applications, and future perspectives for nanomedicine-based inner ear imaging.

关键词： Inner ear Nanotechnology Imaging Gene delivery Contrast agents

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Epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response in stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3045-3062页

作者： Jingyi Liang Fei Yang Zixiao Li Qian Li School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Laboratory for Clinical Medicine Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and RepairCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Chinese Institute for Brain Research BeijingChina Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Engineering Research center of Digital Healthcare for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Stroke is classified as ischemic or hemorrhagic,and there are few effective treatments for either *** mechanisms play a critical role in secondary brain injury following a stroke,which manifests as cytokine release,blood–brain barrier disruption,neuronal cell death,and ultimately behavioral *** the inflammatory response has been shown to mitigate this cascade of events in experimental stroke ***,in clinical trials of anti-inflammatory agents,longterm immunosuppression has not demonstrated significant clinical benefits for *** may be attributable to the dichotomous roles of inflammation in both tissue injury and repair,as well as the complex pathophysiologic inflammatory processes in *** acute harmful inflammatory responses or inducing a phenotypic shift from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state at specific time points after a stroke are alternative and promising therapeutic *** agents that can modulate inflammation requires a detailed understanding of the inflammatory processes of ***,epigenetic reprogramming plays a crucial role in modulating post-stroke inflammation and can potentially be exploited for stroke *** this review,we summarize current findings on the epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response in stroke,focusing on key signaling pathways including nuclear factor-kappa B,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,and mitogen-activated protein kinase as well as inflammasome *** also discuss promising molecular targets for stroke *** evidence to date indicates that therapeutic targeting of the epigenetic regulation of inflammation can shift the balance from inflammation-induced tissue injury to repair following stroke,leading to improved post-stroke outcomes.

关键词： DNA methylation histone modification intracerebral hemorrhage ischemic stroke neuroinflammation neuroprotection non-coding RNA RNA methylation subarachnoid hemorrhage treatment

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