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The influence of pressure waves in tidal gravity records

Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第1期14卷 15-25页

作者： Bernard Ducarme catholic university of louvain Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research(ELI)Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

For the reduction of atmospheric effects,observed gravity has initially been corrected by using the computed barometric admittance k of the in situ measured pressure,expressed in nms-2/hPa units and estimated by least squares ***,the local pressure changes alone cannot account for the atmospheric mass attraction and loading when the coherent pressure field exceeds a specific size,i.e.,with increasing *** overcome this difficulty,it is necessary to compute the total atmospheric effect at each station using the global pressure ***,the direct subtraction of the total gravity effect,provided by the models of pressure correction,is not yet satisfactory for S2 and other tidal components,such as K2 and P1,which include solar heating pressure *** paper identifies the origin of the problem and presents strategies to obtain a satisfactory ***,we set up a difference vector between the tidal factors of M2 and S2 after correction of the pressure and ocean tides *** vector,hereafter denoted as RES,presents the advantage of being practically insensitive to calibration *** minimum discrepancy between the tidal parameters of M2 and S2 corresponds to the minimum of the RES vector norm *** we adopt the hybrid pressure correction method,separating the local and the global pressure contribution of the models and replacing the local contribution by the pressure measured at the station multiplied by an admittance *** tested this procedure on 8 stations from the IGETS superconducting gravimeters network(former GGP network).For stations at an altitude lower than 1000 m,the value of dopt is always smaller *** discrepancy between the tidal parameters of the M2 and S2 waves is always lower than0.05% on the amplitude factors and 0.025° on the *** these stations,a correlation exists between the altitude and the value *** results at the three Central European stations Conrad,Pecny and Vienna are

关键词： Atmospheric pressure waves Atmospheric pressure correction in tidal records Atmospheric pressure models ERA5 and MERRA-2

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Hepatocyte cryopreservation:Is it time to change the strategy?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第1期16卷 1-14页

作者： Xavier Stéphenne Mustapha Najimi Etienne M Sokal catholic university of louvain and St Luc Clinics Paediatric Department(HPED)PEDI unitLaboratory of Paediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy

Liver cell transplantation presents clinical benefit in patients with inborn errors of metabolism as an alternative,or at least as a bridge,to orthotopic liver *** success of such a therapeutic approach remains limited by the quality of the transplanted *** remains the best option for long-term storage of hepatocytes,providing a permanent and sufficient cell ***, isolated adult hepatocytes are poorly resistant to such a process,with a significant alteration both at the morphological and functional ***,the aim of the current review is to discuss the state of the art regarding widely-used hepatocyte cryopreservation protocols,as well as the assays performed to analyse the post-thawing cell quality both in vitro and in vivo. The majority of studies agree upon the poor quality and efficiency of cryopreserved/thawed hepatocytes as compared to freshly isolated *** ice formation or exposure to hyperosmotic solutionsremains the main phenomenon of cryopreservation process,and its effects on cell quality and cell death induction will be *** increased knowledge and understanding of the cryopreservation process will lead to research strategies to improve the viability and the quality of the cell suspensions after *** strategies,such as vitrification,will be discussed with respect to their potential to significantly improve the quality of cell suspensions dedicated to liver cell-based therapies.

关键词： Hepatocyte Cryopreservation Quality Mitochondria Intracellular ice formation

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Macro-or microencapsulation of pig islets to cure type 1 diabetes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第47期18卷 6885-6893页

作者： Denis Dufrane Pierre Gianello Department of Health Sciences Institute for Experimental and ClinicalExperimental Surgery and TransplantationCatholic University of LouvainB-1200 BrusselsBelgium

Although allogeneic islet transplantation can successfully cure type 1 diabetes,it has limited *** example,organs are in short supply;several human pancreas donors are often needed to treat one diabetic recipient;the intrahepatic site may not be the most appropriate site for islet implantation;and immunosuppressive regimens,which are associated with side effects,are often required to prolong survival of the islet *** alternative source of insulinproducing cells would therefore be of major *** represent a possible alternative source of beta *** of pig islets may appear difficult because of the immunologic species barrier,but pig islets have been shown to function in primates for at least 6 mo with clinically incompatible ***,a bioartificial pancreas made of encapsulated pig islets may resolve issues associated with islet *** several groups have shown that encapsulated pig islets are functional in small-animal models,less is known about the use of bioartificial pancreases in large-animal *** this review,we summarize current knowledge of encapsulated pig islets,to determine obstacles to implantation in humans and possible solutions to overcome these obstacles.

关键词： Cell transplantation Diabetes mellitus type 1 Islets of Langerhans Porcine Xenografts

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The Logical Style of Confucius' Analects

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2020年第2期15卷 167-197页

作者： Thierry Lucas Institute of Superior Philosophy Catholic University of LeuvenB-1348Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

Considered from a logical point of view,Confucius'Analects contain many implicit forms of reasoning and *** is shown first by analyzing the phenomenon of parallelism:direct parallelism is often a way of hinting at a general assertion,whereas anti-parallelism hides dilemmas,generalizations and modal notions of"moral preference."The Analects also have various types of conditionals,ranging from material implications,to modalized implications,and counterfactual conditionals,which are the germs of implicit reasoning,concluding with a moral *** are particularly abundant and a presentation of three examples suggests that,beyond their explicative role,they also involve moral *** implicit logic of The Analects requires an active,albeit unconscious participation of the reader,which could be an important element in explaining the enduring influence of the text.

关键词： logical analysis argumentation Confucius'Analects parallelism conditionals analogies

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Computation of Fisher–Gale Equilibrium by Auction

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2018年第3期6卷 473-483页

作者： Yurii Nesterov Vladimir Shikhman Center for Operations Research and Econometrics Catholic University of Louvain1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium National Research university Higher School of Economics MoscowRussia Department of Mathematics Technische Universität Chemnitz09126 ChemnitzGermany

We study the Fisher model of a competitive market from the algorithmic *** that,the related convex optimization problem due to Gale and Eisenberg(Ann Math Stat 30(1):165–168,1959)is *** latter problem is known to yield a Fisher equilibrium under some structural assumptions on consumers’utilities,e.g.,homogeneity of degree 1,*** goal is to examine applicability of the convex optimization framework by departing from these traditional *** just assume the concavity of consumers’utility *** this case,we suggest a novel concept of Fisher–Gale equilibrium by using consumers’utility *** prices of utility transfer the utility of consumption bundle to a common numé*** develop a subgradient-type algorithm from Convex Analysis to compute a Fisher–Gale equilibrium via Gale’s *** order to decentralize prices,we additionally implement the auction design,i.e.,consumers settle and update their individual prices and producers sell at the highest offer *** price adjustment is based on a tatonnement procedure,i.e.,the prices change proportionally to consumers’individual excess *** averages of consumption are shown to clear the market of *** algorithm is justified by a global rate of *** the worst case,the number of price updates needed to achieve anε-tolerance is proportional to 1/ε^(2).

关键词： Fisher equilibrium Computation of equilibrium Price adjustment Convex optimization Subgradient methods Decentralization of prices Auction

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Combination of Tsoft and ET34-ANA-V80 software for the preprocessing and analysis of tide gauge data in French Polynesia

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第1期14卷 26-34页

作者： Bernard Ducarme Jean-Pierre Barriot Fangzhao Zhang catholic university of louvain Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research(ELI)1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Geodesy Observatory of Tahiti University of French Polynesia(UPF)PunaauiaFrench Polynesia College of Geodesy and Geomatics Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

Since 2008 a network of five sea-level monitoring stations was progressively installed in French *** stations are autonomous and data,collected at a sampling rate of 1 or 2 min,are not only recorded locally,but also transferred in real time by a radio-link to the NOAA through the GOES *** new ET34-ANA-V80 version of ETERNA,initially developed for Earth Tides analysis,is now able to analyze ocean tides *** a two-step validation scheme,we took advantage of the flexibility of this new version,operated in conjunction with the preprocessing facilities of the Tsoft software,to recover co rrected data series able to model sea-level variations after elimination of the ocean tides *** performed the tidal analysis of the tide gauge data with the highest possible selectivity(optimal wave grouping)and a maximum of additional terms(shallow water constituents).Our goal was to provide corrected data series and modelled ocean tides signal to compute tide-free sea-level variations as well as tidal prediction models with centimeter *** also present in this study the characteristics of the ocean tides in French Polynesia and preliminary results concerning the non-tidal variations of the sea level concerning the tide gauge setting.

关键词： Tide gauges Tidal data processing Mean sea level

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Two sides of the heliopause

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第12期54卷 1830-1844页

作者： WHANG Y. C catholic university of America

Interaction of the solar wind with the interstellar medium leads to the formation of the heliosphere and termination shock. This article addresses three aspects of the plasma and magnetic field on two sides of the heliopause：（1） The interstellar magnetic field surrounding the heliopause. In the limit of very low plasma β-ratio an analytical solution is obtained for the 3D interstellar magnetic field by means of a line dipole method. The undisturbed magnetic field in the upstream is allowed to have an arbitrary inclination angle. The solution describes the heliosphere as having a blunt-nosed geometry on the upwind side and approaching a cylindrical geometry on the downwind side. The distortion of the magnetic field can penetrate very deep into the interstellar space. （2） Interaction of the interstellar neutral hydrogen with the global solar wind. The ionization process leads to removal of interstellar neutral hydrogen in the heliosphere： on the upwind side, 90% of hydrogen depletion occurs inside 60 AU, the hydrogen density changes rapidly inside 10 AU. A hydrogen cavity forms inside -4 AU; the cavity extends on the downwind side to form a long cavity wake. Outside the cavity and cavity wake, pickup protons are produced, they cause deceleration and heating of the solar wind. The wind speed and temperature also increase steadily with heliolatitude caused by the latitudinal increase in wind speed at the inner boundary. （3） The global geometry of the termination shock. The termination shock has been treated as having a closed geometry in previous heliosphere models. This study presents a new perspective that the global termination shock may have a bow-shaped open geometry. The termination shock forms on the upwind side because the forward motion of the supersonic solar wind is blocked at the blunt-nosed heliopause. However, the heliopause likely to be open on the downwind side; the motion of the supersonic solar wind is unobstructed for shock formation. Thus, the globa

关键词： solar wind interstellar medium magnetic fields plasmas magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)

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Infliximab does not increase colonic cancer risk associated to murine chronic colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第44期22卷 9727-9733页

作者： Loris R Lopetuso Valentina Petito Tiziano Zinicola Cristina Graziani Viviana Gerardi Vincenzo Arena Maria Emiliana Caristo Andrea Poscia Giovanni Cammarota Alfredo Papa Valerio Cufino Alessandro Sgambato Antonio Gasbarrini Franco Scaldaferri Gastroenterology Division Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Pathology Catholic University of Sacred Heart Experimental Center Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Hygiene Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of General Pathology Catholic University of Sacred Heart

AIM To explore the influence of Infliximab(IFX) on cancer progression in a murine model of colonic cancer associated to chronic *** AOM/DSS model was induced in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were injected with IFX(5 mg/kg) during each DSS cycle while control mice received saline. Body weight, occult blood test and stool consistency were measured to calculate the disease activity index(DAI). Mice were sacrificed at week 10 and colons were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically for number of cancers and degree of inflammation. MTT assay was performed on CT26 to evaluate the potential IFX role on metabolic activity and proliferation. Cells were incubated with TNF-α or IFX or TNF-α plus IFX, and cell vitality was evaluated after 6, 24 and 48 h. The same setting was used after pre-incubation with TNF-α for 24 *** IFX significantly reduced DAI and body weight loss in mice compared with controls, preserving also colon length at sacrifice. Histological score was also reduced in treated mice. At macroscopic analysis, IFX treated mice showed a lower number of tumor lesions compared to controls. This was confirmed at microscopic analysis, although differences were not statistically significant. In vitro, IFX treated CT26 maintained similar proliferation ability at MTT test, both when exposed to IFX alone and when associated to TNF-α.CONCLUSION IFX did not increase colonic cancer risk in AOM-DSS model of cancer on chronic colitis nor influence directly the proliferation of murine colon cancer epithelial cells.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Colorectal cancer Infliximab AOM-DSS model Cancer on chronic colitis

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MicroProteins:Expanding functions and novel modes of regulation

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Molecular Plant 2021年第5期14卷 705-707页

作者： Kaushal Kumar Bhati Ulla Dolde Stephan Wenkel louvain Institute of Biomolecular Sciences Catholic University of LouvainLouvain la Neuve 1348Belgium Plant Science Research Laboratory(LRSV) UMR5546 CNRS/Universite Toulouse 331320 Castanet-TolosanFrance Copenhagen Plant Science Centre Department of Plant&Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 401871 Frederiksberg CDenmark

MicroProteins are small,5-15-kDa single-domain proteins that are evolutionarily related to multi-domain proteins with sequence homology(Eguen et al.,2015).The single domain of microProteins is often a protein-protein interaction(PPI)-domain,through which they can interact with their multi-domain protein targets(Figure 1).The first experimental insight that microProteins exist and how they act came from the identification of the regulatory feedback mechanism of class III homeodomain-leucine zipper(HD-ZIPIII)transcription factors by LITTLE ZIPPER(ZPR)microProteins(Wenkel et al.,2007;Kim et al.,2008).In Arabidopsis,the LITTLE ZIPPER microProtein family consists of four members(ZPR1-4)containing only a leucine zipper *** HD-ZIPIII transcription factor REVOLUTA directly transcriptionally upregu-lates multiple ZPR *** proteins physically interact with their HD-ZIPIII targets and suppress their DNA binding ability.

关键词： domain. Figure insight

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Portal vein thrombosis:Insight into physiopathology,diagnosis,and treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第2期16卷 143-155页

作者： Francesca R Ponziani Maria A Zocco Chiara Campanale Emanuele Rinninella Annalisa Tortora Luca Di Maurizio Giuseppe Bombardieri Raimondo De Cristofaro Anna M De Gaetano Raffaele Landolfi Antonio Gasbarrini Department of Internal Medicine Catholic University of Rome Department of Bioimaging and Radio-logical Sciences Catholic University of Rome

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a relatively common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis, but might also occur in absence of an overt liver disease. Several causes, either local or systemic, might play an important role in PVT pathogenesis. Frequently, more than one risk factor could be identified; however, occasionally no single factor is discernable. Clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and imaging are helpful to provide a quick diagnosis, as prompt treatment might greatly affect a patient's outcome. In this review, we analyze the physiopathological mechanisms of PVT development, together with the hemodynamic and functional alterations related to this condition. Moreover, we describe the principal factors most frequently involved in PVT development and the recent knowledge concerning diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Finally, we analyze the implications of PVT in the setting of liver transplantation and its possible influence on patients' future prognoses.

关键词： Portal vein thrombosis Portal hypertension Thrombophilic factors Liver cirrhosis Liver transplantation Anticoagulants

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