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Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents:risk factors and prevention

Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第6期12卷 658-666页

作者： Eun Young Lee Kun-Ho Yoon Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal MedicineSeoul St.Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591Korea Institute of Catholic Ubiquitous Health Care The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591Korea

The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents (aged 2-18 years) has increased rapidly, with more than 100 million affected in 2015. Moreover, the epidemic of obesity in this population has been an important public health problem in developed and developing countries for the following reasons. Childhood and adolescent obesity tracks adulthood obesity and has been implicated in many chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, childhood and adolescent obesity is linked to adulthood mortality and premature death. Although an imbalance between caloric intake and physical activity is a principal cause of childhood and adolescent obesity, environmental factors are exclusively important for development of obesity among children and adolescents. In addition to genetic and biological factors, socioenvironmental factors, including family, school, community, and national policies, can play a crucial role. The complexity of risk factors for developing obesity among children and adolescents leads to difficulty in treatment for this population. Many interventional trials for childhood and adolescent obesity have been proven ineffective. Therefore, early identification and prevention is the key to control the global epidemic of obesity. Given that the proportion of overweight children and adolescents is far greater than that of obesity, an effective prevention strategy is to focus on overweight youth, who are at high risk for developing obesity. Multifaceted, comprehensive strategies involving behavioral, psychological, and environmental risk factors must also be developed to prevent obesity among children and adolescents.

关键词： adolescents children epidemiology obesity prevention risk factor

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Multi‐vital on‐skin optoelectronic biosensor for assessing regional tissue hemodynamics

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SmartMat 2023年第3期4卷 84-95页

作者： Ming Xin Tong Yu Yongchang Jiang Ruowen Tao Jiean Li Feng Ran Tangsong Zhu Jinrong Huang Jing Zhang Jia‐Han Zhang Nan Hu Wei Wang Qiuhong Zhang Zhao Liu Xinran Wang Yi Shi Lijia Pan Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electronic MaterialsSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingChina department of Vascular Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina department of Polymer Science and Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingChina

Evaluation of the oxygen‐mediated effects of clinical and daily activities demands an on‐skin device that can track multi‐vital regional tissue hemodynamics *** example,peripheral arterial disease(PAD)is the third most prevalent cardiovascular disease,but the means of diagnosing and monitoring this disease are limited because the affected area is usually in the non‐pulsatile area away from the ***,we report on an ultrathin and ultralight multi‐vital near‐infrared optoelectronic biosensor for the diagnosis and rehabilitation monitoring of regional tissue hemodynamics,which is suitable for mounting on the skin for long‐term *** device can simultaneously detect tissue oxygen saturation,heart rate,arterial blood oxygen,and tissue perfusion and shows potential for various hypoxia monitoring ***,the tissue hemodynamics detected by this device showed a highly accordance with the ankle‐brachial index and CT angiography obtained by traditional clinical ***,our design was able to accurately diagnose and effectively evaluate PAD patients before and after *** on‐skin optoelectronic biosensor shows potential in biological oxygen‐mediated behavior evaluation,injury‐state monitoring,PAD clinical diagnosis optimization,and after surgery care.

关键词： biosensor cardiovascular disease flexible electronics skin inspired electronics

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Role of ADAMTS-5 Expression in the Prognosis of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Single Retrospective Analysis

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2023年第11期14卷 487-504页

作者： Hailin Pan Jinguang Liu department of Cardiology Huizhou Municipal People’s Hospital Huizhou China

This study explores the predictive value of plasma a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5) levels for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). 595 patients admitted to our hospital were selected. Initially, the serum ADAMTS-5 levels of subjects were analyzed. Subsequently, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed. Furthermore, the serum levels of ADAMTS-5 were assessed in patients, and based on CAD severity, they were categorized into stable angina pectoris (SAP), unstable angina (UA), non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) groups, with the aim of examining the relationship between ADAMTS-5 levels and CAD severity. Differences in clinical outcomes between patients with high and low levels of ADAMTS-5 were analyzed during the follow-up period. The study found that the serum levels of ADAMTS-5 were significantly higher in the group of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to the group without CAD, indicating its potential as a diagnostic marker for CAD. The ADAMTS-5 levels in the serum of STEMI patients were higher than those with SAP, while NSTEMI patients showed higher levels of ADAMTS-5 than the UA group. There was a positive correlation between serum ADAMTS-5 levels and the syntax score in CAD patients, suggesting a potential association with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study indicates that ADAMTS-5 shows promise as a biomarker for CAD and highlights the need for further research and validation.

关键词： Coronary Artery Disease SYNTAX Score ADAMTS-5 Prognosis Diagnosis

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THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF BREVESCAPIN INJECTION ON MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA

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Medical Bulletin of Shanghai Jiaotong University 1988年第2期 19-26页

作者：黄震华徐济民陈祥华 department of Internal Medicine Ninth People’s hospital SSMU Shanghai

Experimental myocardial infarction models were established in 23 dogs through ligating left anterior descending coronary artery. The effects of Brevescapin (灯盏花)injection on hemodynamics and infarct size in dogs were studied by NBT staining, electronmicroscopic observation, serum CPK assessment and coronary artery tree casting to compare the differences between the treatment group and control group. The results indicate that Brevescapin injection has the effects of slowing heart rate, decreasing cardiac contractility, reducing cardiac oxygen consumption and cardiac work, decreasing blood pressure, decreasing total peripheral vascular resistance and reducing myocardial infarct size (treatment group 6.78±1.97%, control group 15.68±4.00%, P<0.001), The probable pharmacology of Brevescapin is discussed.

关键词： myocardial infarction cardiovascular model medicinal plants Brevescapin pharmacodynamics

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Relationship between Perioperative N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) and Complications in Thoracic Surgery

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Open Journal of Thoracic Surgery 2018年第2期8卷 29-36页

作者： Kantaro Hara Takuma Tsukioka Nobuhiro Izumi Kyukwang Chung Hiroaki Komatsu Michihito Toda Hikaru Miyamoto Satoshi Suzuki Takuya Kimura Toshihiko Shibata Noritoshi Nishiyama department of Thoracic Surgery Osaka City University Hospital Osaka Japan

Background: In cardiac surgery, the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level is reportedly correlated with the onset of postoperative complications. We examined the relationship between the NT-proBNP level and perioperative complications in thoracic surgery and elucidated the significance of NT-proBNP measurement. Methods: We evaluated 48 patients excluding hemodialysis patients who underwent lung resection from November 2015 to February 2016. NT-proBNP measurement was performed three times preoperatively on postoperative days 2 and 5. We examined the relationship between clinical background factors such as preoperative comorbidity and the development of postoperative complications. Based on established criteria for surgical complications (Clavien-Dindo classification), grade ≥ II was defined as a complications. We classified the patients into two groups (with or without complications) and compared and examined the background factors between the groups. Results: The study included 48 patients (33 male, 15 female) with an average age of 72 years (range, 35 - 86 years). Preoperative comorbidities included cardiovascular disease in five patients, diabetes mellitus in four, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in six. The average operation time was 163 (29 - 308) minutes, and the bleeding volume was 30 (10 - 620) ml. Early complications were confirmed in 11 patients, and late complications were confirmed in 7 patients. A high NT-proBNP level on postoperative day 5 was an independent risk factor for late complications. Conclusion: The perioperative NT-proBNP level is considered to be a predictor of complications. Its measurement is useful for predicting postoperative complications, and careful perioperative management is required for patients with high levels.

关键词： NT-proBNP Perioperative Management Lung Resection Postoperative Complications

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Age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factor profile:A pooled analysis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第3期13卷 260-271页

作者： Mary M Barker Francesco Zaccardi Emer M Brady Gaurav S Gulsin Andrew P Hall Joseph Henson Zin ZinHtike Kamlesh Khunti Gerald P McCann Emma L Redman David R Webb Emma G Wilmot Tom Yates Jian Yeo Melanie J Davies Jack A Sargeant Diabetes Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicester General HospitalLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom department of cardiovascular Sciences Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicester LE39QPUnited Kingdom The Hanning Sleep Laboratory University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustUniversity of LeicesterLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research CentreLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom Leicester Diabetes Centre University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration East MidlandsLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom department of Diabetes University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation TrustDerby DE223NEUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes(T2D)in younger adults,an increasingly common public health issue,is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality,which may be due to a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile in individuals diagnosed at a younger *** To investigate the association between age at diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk profile in adults with *** A pooled dataset was used,comprised of data from five previous studies of adults with T2D,including 1409 participants of whom 196 were diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 *** and blood biomarker measurements included body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,body fat percentage,glycaemic control(HbA1c),lipid profile and blood *** and multivariable linear regression models,adjusted for diabetes duration,sex,ethnicity and smoking status,were used to investigate the association between age at diagnosis and each cardiovascular risk *** A higher proportion of participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 were female,current smokers and treated with glucose-lowering medications,compared to participants diagnosed later in *** diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 also had higher body weight,BMI,waist circumference and body fat percentage,in addition to a more adverse lipid profile,compared to participants diagnosed at an older *** results showed that each one year reduction in age at diagnosis was significantly associated with 0.67 kg higher body weight[95%confidence interval(CI):0.52-0.82 kg],0.18 kg/m^(2) higher BMI(95%CI:0.10-0.25)and 0.32 cm higher waist circumference(95%CI:0.14-0.49),after adjustment for duration of diabetes and other *** age at diagnosis was also significantly associated with higher HbA1c,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and *** The diagnosis of T2D earlier in life is associated with a worse cardi

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Early-onset adult type 2 diabetes Age of onset cardiovascular risk Young adults Glycaemic control Obesity

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Clinical application and research progress of Astragalus membranaceus on treatment of cardiovascular diseases

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South China Journal of Cardiology 2011年第1期12卷 65-70,76页

作者： ZHANG Jin-guo TAN Hong-yong LIU Hong-yan CHEN Meng department of Cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of JiningMedical College Jining 272029 China

The effective ingredients of Astragalus has broad pharmacological effects, studies found that Astragalus also have some effects in coronary heart disease, heart failure, hypertension, viral myocarditis,arrhythmia and so on further to its mechanism is associated with various factors, the specific mechanism and clinical effects needs explore. This article will review its research in cardiovascular fields.

关键词： chinese medicine astragalus membranaeeus review literature cardiovascular disease

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Chinese Yellow Wine Inhibit Production of Homocysteine-induced Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in Cultured Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

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South China Journal of Cardiology 2007年第1期8卷 43-49页

作者：郭航远邢杨波彭放杨彪裘宇芳游斌权李刚朱敏袁敏何益平周妍 Lee Jong-Dae department of Cardiology Shaoxing People's Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of China Shaoxing Zhejiang 312000 China The First Department of Internal Medicine Medical College Fukui University of Japan department of Cardiology Shaoxing People's Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of China Shaoxing Zhejiang 312000 China The First department of Internal Medicine Medical College Fukui University of Japan

Objectives Regular consumption of moderate amounts of Chinese yellow wine is associated with a reduced risk of coronary disease. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that participate in extracellular matrix degradation have been involved in atherosclerotic plaque growth and instability. The present research aimed to study the effects of Chinese yellow wine on the production of homocysteine-induced extracellular MMP-2 in cultured rats’ vascular smooth muscle cells. Methods The effects of different homocysteine levels (0-1000 ?滋mol/l) on MMP-2 production, and the effects of Chinese yellow wine with low alcohol concentrations (12-19%) on homocysteine-induced MMP-2 in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were examined using gelatin zymography and western blotting. The changes of MMP-2 under various treatments for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h were further compared. Results Homocysteine (50-1000 ?滋mol/l) increased the production of MMP-2 significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Increased production of MMP-2 induced by homocysteine was reduced by extracellularly added Chinese yellow wine. Production of MMP-2 under various treatments for 48 h increased more than 12 h and 24 h. Conclusions Extracellularly added Chinese yellow wine decreased homocysteine-induced MMP-2 secretion. The inhibitory effect of yellow wine on the activation of MMP-2 might contribute to their beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system.

关键词： Homocysteine Yellow wine Matrix metalloproteinase Atherosclerosis Smooth muscle cell

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Evolution of interventional cardiology in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第19期122卷 2209-2219页

作者： SHEN Wei-feng department of Cardiology Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China

On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People＇s Republic of China, I am honored to review the interventional treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. It is really interesting to evaluate the progress in such a field that did not exist 25 years ago in this country in the present context with the term ＂interventional cardiology＂. In China, right and left heart catheterization has been adopted as a diagnostic tool for cardiovascular diseases since 1950, and selective coronary angiography started to be used clinically in 1972.

关键词：冠状血管造影术台湾心血管疾病心脏病学心脏导管插入术血气分析胰岛素中国

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Extracorporeal blood purification strategies in sepsis and septic shock:An insight into recent advancements

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2023年第2期12卷 71-88页

作者： Yatin Mehta Rajib Paul Abdul Samad Ansari Tanmay Banerjee Serdar Gunaydin Amir Ahmad Nassiri Federico Pappalardo Vedran Premužić Prachee Sathe Vinod Singh Emilio Rey Vela Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology Medanta the MedicityGurugram 12201India department of Internal Medicine Apollo HospitalsJubilee HillsHyderabad 500033India department of Critical Care Nanavati Max Super Specialty HospitalMumbai 400065India department of Internal Medicine&Critical Care Medica Institute of Critical Care MedicineMedica Superspecialty HospitalKolkata 700099India department of cardiovascular Surgery University of Health SciencesAnkara City Hospital CampusAnkara 06933Turkey department of Nephrology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran 19839-63113Iran Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care AO SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare ArrigoAlessandria 15121Italy department of Nephrology Clinical Hospital ZagrebClinic for internal diseasesZagreb 10000Croatia department of Critical Care Medicine D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeSant Tukaram NagarPimpri ColonyPimpri-ChinchwadPune 411018India department of Critical Care Medicine Institute of critical care MedicineHospital Name-Sir Ganga Ram HospitalNew Delhi 110001India Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit Samaritan University HospitalBogotá11Colombia

BACKGROUND Despite various therapies to treat sepsis,it is one of the leading causes of mortality in the intensive care unit patients *** about the pathophysiology of sepsis has sparked interest in extracorporeal therapies(ECT)which are intended to balance the dysregulation of the immune system by removing excessive levels of inflammatory *** To review recent data on the use of ECT in sepsis and to assess their effects on various inflammatory and clinical *** In this review,an extensive English literature search was conducted from the last two decades to identify the use of ECT in sepsis.A total of 68 articles from peer-reviewed and indexed journals were selected excluding publications with only *** Results showed that ECT techniques such as high-volume hemofiltration,coupled plasma adsorption/filtration,resin or polymer adsorbers,and CytoSorb®are emerging as adjunct therapies to improve hemodynamic stability in ***®has the most published data in regard to the use in the field of septic shock with reports on improved survival rates and lowered sequential organ failure assessment scores,lactate levels,total leucocyte count,platelet count,interleukin-IL-6,IL-10,and TNF *** Clinical acceptance of ECT in sepsis and septic shock is currently still limited due to a lack of large random clinical *** addition to patient-tailored therapies,future research developments with therapies targeting the cellular level of the immune response are expected.

关键词： CytoSorb® Hemadsorbers Inflammatory mediators Extracorporeal therapies Sepsis

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