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利用原子和光合成扭曲双层材料（英文）

Science Bulletin 2023年第6期68卷 557-558页

作者： Alejandro González-Tudela Institute of Fundamental Physics IFF-CSIC

Sometimes, an apparently naive approach can have a large impact on physics. That was the case when Geim, Novoselov, and coworkers isolated graphene for the first time by exfoliating sheets from graphite using Scotch tape. The isolation of this wonder material led to a revolution in condensed-matter physics and eventually earned them the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics. Fourteen years later,

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Reversible acetylation fine-tunes plant hormone signaling and immunity

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Molecular Plant 2022年第9期15卷 1415-1417页

作者： Selena Gimenez-Ibanez Loreto Espinosa-Cores Roberto Solano Plant Molecular Genetics Department Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC(CNB-CSIC)28049 MadridSpain

Plant pests and diseases threaten food security by causing over 10%loss of global crops yield.Plant immunity relies on a complex hormonal signaling network in which jasmonates(JAs)play a central role.JAs are fatty acid–derived hormones ubiquitous in the plant kingdom similar to animal prostaglandins,and are essential phytohormones regulating development,environmental adaptation and defense against necrotrophic pathogens and insects in plants.

关键词： immunity crops network

Catastrophic climate change and the collapse of human societies

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National Science Review 2023年第6期10卷 52-54页

作者： Josep Pe?uelas Sandra Nogué CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

The scientific community has focused the agenda of studies of climate change on lower-end warming and simple risk analyses,because more realistic complex assessments of risk are more difficult,the benchmark of the international targets is the Paris Agreement goal of limiting warming to <2℃,and the culture of climate science is to try to avoid alarmism[1].Current fires,prolonged droughts,floods and heat waves,together with the consequent food insecurity,civil unrest and migrations,however,are opening the eyes not only of most scientists but also of most people all over the world to the need for considering,at least,the potential catastrophic effects of the collapse of ecosystems and society due to the current emergency of climate change.

关键词： DECLINE EUROPE

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原子生态学:原子与生态的耦合

Science Bulletin 2024年第1期69卷 11-16页

作者： Jordi Sardans Josep Penuelas CSIC Global Ecology Unit Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications(CREAF)-CSIC-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB)Barcelona 08193Spain CREAF Barcelona 08193Spain

The functional roles of molecules in organisms and ecosystems are driven by the atoms that form them,including their threedimensional form,bond polarity,size,and conformation.Recent advances in environmental and ecological sciences,such as ecological stoichiometry,ionomics,biochemistry,biogeochemical-niche studies,and omic ecological approaches,have provided substantial data and results that support the associations of the elements/atoms in organisms and ecosystems with their fundamental functioning and structure in nature.

关键词： polarity elements structure

Differential effects of environmental climatic variables on parasite abundances in blue tit nests during a decade

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第4期17卷 511-529页

作者： Francisco CASTAÑO-VÁZQUEZ Santiago MERINO Evolutionary Ecology Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales CSICMadridSpain

Models on climate change have predicted an increase of temperature over the earth’s surface with potential drastic effects on living organisms.We analyzed the relationships between climatic conditions(temperature,rainfall,and wind speed)and the abundance of blood-sucking flying insects(biting midges and blackflies)and nest-dwelling ectoparasites(mites,fleas,and blowflies)collected from blue tit nests during bird breeding seasons for a period of 10 years.Average temperature,rainfall,and wind speed showed significant differences among years.Temperature and wind speed increased during the period of study while rainfall decreased.Biting midge,blackfly,and blowfly abundances increased across years but not flea and mite abundances.Hatching date decreased and brood size increased across years.Independently of year variation,parasites were related to climatic variables.For example,biting midge,blowfly,mite,and flea abundances were positive and significantly related to average temperature.We also found a positive and significant relationship between abundances of Haemoproteus infections and biting midge abundances during the first year of life of birds out of nests.However,abundance and prevalence of Lankesterella infections in yearlings were positive and significantly related to mite abundances during the year of birth of birds.Leucocytozoon and Lankesterella infections were also significantly related to climatic variables and Haemoproteus and Lankesterella infections increased across years.In addition,body condition of adult females and males were negatively related to flea larvae and blowfly abundance respectively.Nestling body condition was also negatively related to biting midge abundance.Changes in climatic conditions across years could therefore affect several parasites of birds but also to birds themselves.

关键词： biting midges blackfly blowfly Haemoproteus Lankesterella rainfall temperature

Hydrochar and synthetic natural gas co-production for a full circular economy implementation via hydrothermal carbonization and methanation:An economic approach

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 69-78页

作者： Judith González-Arias Guillermo Torres-Sempere Miriam González-Castaño Francisco MBaena-Moreno Tomás RReina Inorganic Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences Institute University of Seville-CSICSevilleSpain Materials Sciences Institute(ICMSE) CSIC-University of SevilleSevilleSpain Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSE 41296Sweden

Herein we study the economic performance of hydrochar and synthetic natural gas coproduction from olive tree pruning.The process entails a combination of hydrothermal carbonization and methanation.In a previous work,we evidenced that standalone hydrochar production via HTC results unprofitable.Hence,we propose a step forward on the process design by implementing a methanation,adding value to the gas effluent in an attempt to boost the overall process techno-economic aspects.Three different plant capacities were analyzed(312.5,625 and 1250 kg/hr).The baseline scenarios showed that,under the current circumstances,our circular economy strategy in unprofitable.An analysis of the revenues shows that hydrochar selling price have a high impact on NPV and subsidies for renewable coal production could help to boost the profitability of the process.On the contrary,the analysis for natural gas prices reveals that prices 8 times higher than the current ones in Spain must be achieved to reach profitability.This seems unlikely even under the presence of a strong subsidy scheme.The costs analysis suggests that a remarkable electricity cost reduction or electricity consumption of the HTC stage could be a potential strategy to reach profitability scenarios.Furthermore,significant reduction of green hydrogen production costs is deemed instrumental to improve the economic performance of the process.These results show the formidable techno-economic challenge that our society faces in the path towards circular economy societies.

关键词： Hydrothermal carbonization CO_(2)waste valorization Methanation Profitability analysis

Glial regenerative response in the imaginal discs of Drosophila melanogaster

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 109-110页

作者： Sergio B.Velarde Antonio Baonza Centro de Biología Molecular“Severo Ochoa” CSIC/UAMMadridSpain

Glial cells play a key role during nervous system development and actively participate in all the cellular processes involved in maintaining its structural robustness and functional plasticity.In response to neuronal damage,glial cells proliferate,migrate to the injured region and change their morphology,function,and behavior(Gallo and Deneen,2014;Kato et al.,2018).This glial regenerative response is associated with the repairing function of these cells and is found across species,suggesting that it may reflect a common underlying genetic mechanism(Kato et al.,2018).

关键词： damage migrate

How to make the end of a gene,the simple way

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BIOCELL 2022年第6期46卷 1453-1457页

作者： KAREL H.M.VAN WELY Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC Madrid28049Spain

Transcription termination of nearly all protein-coding genes in mammals requires 3’end processing by a multiprotein complex that will cleave and polyadenylate the messenger RNA precursor.Because a variety of enzyme complexes intervene,3’end processing was thought to be fundamentally complex and subject to a multitude of regulatory effects.The possibility to select just one out of several polyadenylation sites,in particular,has caused much questioning and speculation.What appear to be separate mechanisms however can be combined into a defined set of rules,allowing for a relatively simple interpretation of 3’end processing.Ultimately,readiness of the terminal exon splice site determines when a transcript reaches the maturity to select a nearby polyadenylation signal.Transcriptional pausing then acts in concert,extending the timeframe during which the transcription complex is close to polyadenylation sites.Since RNA polymerase pausing is governed by the same type of sequences in bacteria and metazoans,mammalian transcription termination resembles its prokaryote counterpart more than generally thought.

关键词： RNA transcription RNA polymerase II pausing Splicing Termination Polyadenylation

Enzymatic and chemo-enzymatic strategies to produce highly valuable chiral amines from biomass with ω-transaminases on 2D zeolites

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National Science Review 2022年第9期9卷 10-18页

作者： J.Miguel Carceller Karen S.Arias Maria J.Climent Sara Iborra Avelino Corma Instituto de Tecnologia Química (UPV-CSIC) Universitat Politècnica de València

Amino transaminases(ATAs) have been supported on a 2D ITQ-2 zeolite through electrostatic interactions, resulting in a highly stable active biocatalyst to obtain a variety of valuable chiral amines starting from prochiral ketones derived from biomass. We have extended the biocatalyst applications by designing a chemo-enzymatic process that allows, as the first step, prochiral ketones to be obtained from biomass-derived compounds through an aldol condensation–reduction step using a bifunctional metal/base catalyst. The prochiral ketone is subsequently converted into the chiral amine using the immobilized ATA. We show that it is feasible to couple both steps in a semi-continuous process to produce industrially relevant chiral amines with yields of >95% and ～100% enantiomer excess.

关键词： amino transaminase ITQ-2 zeolite chemo-enzymatic process biomass semi-continuous process Pd/MgO