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Morbidity Analysis of the Notifiable Infectious Diseases in China,2018

China cdc weekly 2019年第4期1卷 47-53页

作者： Shuaibing Dong Xiang Ren Cuihong Zhang Mengjie Geng Yuliang Zhu Lusha Shi Lijie Zhang Zhongjie Li Liping Wang Division of Infectious Disease Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious DiseaseChina CDCBeijingChina Fuyang cdc AnhuiChina Heilongjiang cdc HeilongjiangChina Complex Systems Research Center Shanxi UniversityShanxiChina

Introduction Notifiable infectious disease surveillance is important for understanding the trends in morbidity for certain diseases,especially detection of acute infectious disease outbreaks and changing epidemiology.A web-based reporting system was deployed in January 2004,which has improved data collection and speed *** report provides an updated analysis for reports published in 2013 and *** Data from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS)was *** NNRDS shows data from 39 notifiable diseases split into three categories(A,B,and C)based on severity and importance.A descriptive analysis was conducted to analyze the morbidity of notifiable diseases in *** In 2018,the morbidity of national notifiable diseases was 559.41 per 100,000 population,an increase of 12.88% compared with the average of 2015–*** proportion of laboratory confirmed cases was 36.22%,which decreased 4.03% compared with the average of that in the recent three *** transmitted by direct contact/fecal–oral transmission accounted for the largest proportion,49.37% of the total reported cases,followed by the respiratory transmitted diseases,blood-borne/sexually transmitted diseases,and the zoonotic and vectorborne diseases with a proportion of 25.18%,24.60%,and 0.85%,*** descriptive analysis showed that the viral-infected cases accounted for 73.78% of the totals,followed by the bacterialinfected and parasitic *** The national morbidity of notifiable infectious diseases showed increases in 2018,mostly due to higher morbidity of category C diseases,such as HFMD,infectious diarrhea,and influenza,and these diseases need to be further prioritized in disease control and prevention *** confirmed cases remain low and need to be improved to improve data quality.

关键词： Diseases epidemiology prevention

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Understanding cost data collection tools to improve economic evaluations of health interventions

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2019年第4期4卷 214-222页

作者： John M Chapel Guijing Wang Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention CDCAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Micro-costing data collection tools often used in literature include standardized comprehensive templates,targeted questionnaires,activity logs,on-site administrative databases,and direct *** tools are not mutually exclusive and are often used in *** tool has unique merits and limitations,and some may be more applicable than others under different *** application of micro-costing tools can produce quality cost estimates and enhance the usefulness of economic evaluations to inform resource allocation decisions.A common method to derive both fixed and variable costs of an intervention involves collecting data from the bottom up for each resource consumed(micro-costing).We scanned economic evaluation literature published in 2008-2018 and identified micro-costing data collection tools *** categorized the identified tools and discuss their practical applications in an example study of health interventions,including their potential strengths and *** economic evaluations of health interventions provide valuable information for justifying resource allocation decisions,planning for implementation,and enhancing the sustainability of the ***,the quality of intervention cost estimates is seldom addressed in the *** cost data forms the foundation of economic evaluations,and without reliable estimates,evaluation results,such as cost-effectiveness measures,could be *** this project,we identified data collection tools often used to obtain reliable data for estimating costs of interventions that prevent and manage chronic conditions and considered practical applications to promote their use.

关键词： estimates mutually cost

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Metagenomic comparison of the rectal microbiota between rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus macaques(Macaca fascicularis)

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Zoological Research 2019年第2期40卷 89-93页

作者： Yan-Fang Cui Feng-Jie Wang Lei Yu Hua-Hu Ye Gui-Bo Yang National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention China-CDC Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences

Rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus macaques(Macaca fascicularis) are frequently used in establishing animal models for human diseases. To determine the differences in gut microbiota between these species, rectal swabs from 20 rhesus macaques and 21 cynomolgus macaques were collected, and the microbial composition was examined by deep sequencing of the 16 S rR NA gene. We found that the rectal microbiota of cynomolgus macaques exhibited significantly higher alpha diversity than that of rhesus macaques, although the observed number of operational taxonomic units(OTUs) was almost the same. The dominant taxa at both the phylum and genus levels were similar between the two species, although the relative abundances of these dominant taxa were significantly different between them. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States(PICRUSt) showed significant differences in the functional components between the microbiota of the two species, in particular the lipopolysaccharide(LPS) synthesis proteins. The above data indicated significant differences in microbial composition and function between these two closely related macaque species, which should be taken into consideration in the future selection of these animals for disease models.

关键词： Rhesus macaques Cynomolgus macaques Gut microbiota Next generation sequencing

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Interpretation of the Protocol for Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in China (Edition 7)

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China cdc weekly 2020年第47期2卷 902-905页

作者： Canjun Zheng Zhaorui Chang Fengfeng Liu Mengjie Geng Hui Chen Jingwei Jiang Sheng Zhou Lu Ran Zhongjie Li Zijian Feng George F.Gao Liping Wang Division of Infectious Disease Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious DiseaseChina CDCBeijingChina National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention China CDCBeijingChina National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention China CDCBeijingChina Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention BeijingChina

After coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),previously known as pneumonia of unknown etiology(PUE)and 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV),was first discovered in Wuhan City,Hubei Province,the Chinese government took measures to stop the spread of the epidemic nationwide and interrupted local transmission in China(1–2).Although there have been several localized outbreaks that were caused by overseas importation of the virus—including Heilongjiang,Jilin,Beijing,Liaoning,and other provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)—these outbreaks have been stopped within two to four weeks and were limited in scope to less than ten cases or a few hundred cases for each *** the COVID-19 pandemic still uncontrolled globally,the threat of importing the virus continues unabated and still threatens China’s population,virtually all of which is susceptible.

关键词： nationwide globally administrative

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Serological Investigation of Laboratory-Confirmed and Suspected Ebola Virus Disease Patients During the Late Phase of the Ebola Outbreak in Sierra Leone

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第4期33卷 323-334页

作者： Yang Liu YuLan Sun Wei Wu AQian Li XianDa Yang Shuo Zhang Chuan Li QiuDong Su ShaoJian Cai DaPeng Sun HaiYang Hu Zhe Zhang XiuXu Yang Idrissa Kamara Sheku Koroma Gerald Bangura Alie Tia Abdul Kamara Matt Lebby Brima Kargbo Jiandong Li Shiwen Wang XiaoPing Dong YueLong Shu WenBo Xu George F. Gao GuiZhen Wu DeXin Li William J. Liu MiFang Liang Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases Ministry of Health National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention (IVDC) Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) Beijing 102206 China Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Beijing cdc China) Beijing 100013 China Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Jilin cdc China) Jilin 130021 China Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Fujian cdc China) Fuzhou 350001 China Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Shandong cdc China) Jinan 250014 China Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Jiangsu cdc China) Nanjing 210009 China Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing 100071 China Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory (SLE-CHN Bio-safety Lab) Freetown 999127 Sierra Leone The Ministry of Health and Sanitation (MoHS SL) Freetown 999127 Sierra Leone CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

This study aimed to investigate the serological characteristics of Ebola virus(EBOV) infection during the late phase of the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone. In total, 877 blood samples from 694 suspected Ebola virus disease(EVD) cases assessed from March to December 2015, were analyzed via real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) for viral RNA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and Luminex to detect antibodies against EBOV. Viral load and EBOV-specific IgM/IgG titers displayed a declining trend during March to December 2015. Viral RNA load decreased rapidly at earlier stages after disease onset, while EBOV-specific IgM and IgG still persisted in 58.1%(18/31) and 93.5%(29/31) of the confirmed EVD patients and in 3.8%(25/663) and 17.8%(118/663) of the RNA-negative suspected patients in the later phase, respectively. Dynamic analysis of longitudinally collected samples from eight EVD patients revealed typically reversed trends of declining viral load and increasing IgM and/or IgG titers in response to the EBOV *** present results indicate that certain populations of Sierra Leone developed immunity to an EBOV infection in the late phase of the outbreak, providing novel insights into the risk assessment of EBOV infections among human populations.

关键词： Ebola virus (EBOV) Late phase Serologic investigation IgM IgG

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Combined immunity of DNA vector and recombinant vaccinia virus expressing Gag proteins of equine infectious anemia virus

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第21期49卷 2272-2276页

作者： DAIChunming ZHANGXiaoyan WANGShuhui LIUYing DUANDanli SHEN-Rongxian SHAOYiming DivisionofResearchonVirologyandImmunology NationalCenterforAIDS/STDControlandPreventionCDCBeijing100050China DivisionofResearchonEIAV HarbinVeterinaryResearchInstituteHarbin150001China

In order to develop a new vaccine candidate for equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), gag gene of Chinese donkey leukocyte attenuated strain (EIAV DLV) and its pa- rental virulent strain (EIAV LN) were inserted respectively into the TK region of the Tiantan strain (VV) of vaccinia virus by homologous recombination and the positive clone was confirmed by blue plaque assay. Protein expression was examined by Western blot. Prime and prime-boost proce- dures were used to immunize mice with two DNA vectors and two recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing EIAV Gag pro- teins. The results showed that the specific lysis of CTL re- sponses in the DNA+rVV groups was stronger than those in the DNA groups, amounting to 31%. Although the levels of specific antibodies were not significantly different, we could conclude that the recombinant vaccinia virus could boost the cellular responses following DNA vector priming. There was no detectable difference between the immune responses in- duced by DLV and LN Gag proteins. This data demonstrates that the combined immunity of DNA vector and recombinant vaccinia virus expressing EIAV gag proteins, utilizing the prime-boost procedure, can drive immunized mice to pro- duce powerful cellular responses. These results lay an im- portant foundation for the development of a new EIAV ge- netic engineering vaccine.

关键词： DNA VV LN CTL

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Synthesis of TBP-coated magnetic Pst-DVB particles for uranium separation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2014年第3期25卷 22-26页

作者：王欢邵宪章田青吉艳琴 China cdc Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency National Institute for Radiological ProtectionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Magnetically assisted chemical separation process is an efficient method used widely in separating radionuclides and heavy metals in environmental samples. It is simple, compact and cost-effective, with less secondary waste streams. Tributyl phosphate(TBP)-coated magnetic poly(styrene-divinylbenzene)(Pst-DVB)nano-particles were synthesized and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, thermogravimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The application of TBP-coated magnetic Pst-DVB particles in separating low concentration of uranium from aqueous media was evaluated, and the equilibrium adsorption isotherm was investigated. Our results indicate that the TBP-coated magnetic Pst-DVB particles may be of potential application for uranium separation.

关键词：分离方法 B粒子合成傅里叶变换红外光谱法透射电子显微镜振动样品磁强计铀纳米颗粒

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External quality assessment of the detection of rickettsioses in China

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第11期3卷 851-854页

作者： Lijuan Zhang Daxin Ni Zijian Feng Department of Rickettsiology National Institute of Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChina CDC Chinese Centers for Diseases Prevention and Control

Objective:To report a training course on the laboratory diagnoses of rickettsioses that 10 provincial/city cdcs participated in laboratory external quality assurance(EQA) based on the serological specific antibodies detection and rapid PCR amplifying targeted genes of rickettsiae. Methods:An EQA program to evaluate the following laboratory procedures was developed to detect rickettsiae:(1) immunofluorescent assay(IFA) to detect specific antibodies of A. phagocytophilum,*** and *** respectively.(2) Two sets of nested PCR were used amplifying groEL genes for most members of the family Rickettsiaceae and amplifying 16SrRNA genes for the most members of family anaplasmae,respectively.A scoring scheme based on the distribution of the median antibody titer values of the serologic assays was designed and a ranking list of the scores of the PCR results based on the detected minimal copy numbers of reference DNA was ***:Among nine laboratories who reported the results on time,eight laboratories gave acceptable serologic results,the other one provided an unacceptable antibody titer(1:2 vs median 1:64) results for *** limits of detection(LOD) for the PCR amplifying for five references DNA ranged from 1copy/μL to 10~6 copy/μ***:We successfully trained and popularized modern diagnostic methods of rickettsiae in 10 provincial cdcs in China and first conducted the EQA projects and evaluated the results.

关键词： Rickettsiae Rickettsiosis EQA China

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Verification on the Developmental Toxicity of Short-term Exposure to Phenol in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第6期33卷 403-413页

作者： WANG Chao XU Yong Jun SHI Ying WANG Chong DUAN Lian GU Wen RUAN Hong Jie ZHANG Shao Ping ZHI Hong KONG Jian ZHANG Li Xia ZHANG Ming ZHANG Hong Wei China cdc Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health National Institute of Environmental HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100021China

Objective To verify the health advisory for short-term exposure to *** The method of this validation experiment was the same as the US Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)methodology for toxicology experiments used to determine phenol drinking water equivalent level(DWEL).Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered phenol in distilled water by gavage at daily doses of 15,30,60,120,and 240 mg/kg body weight(b.w.)from implantation(the 6 th day post-mating)to the day prior to the scheduled caesarean section(the 20th day of pregnancy).The following information was recorded:general behavior;body weight;number of corpus luteum,live birth,fetus,stillbirth,and implantation;fetal gender;body weight;body length;tail length;and abnormalities and pathomorphological changes in the *** In the 60 mg/kg *** group,the mortality of pregnant rats increased with increasing doses,suggesting maternal *** and placental weights decreased as phenol dose increased from30 mg/kg b.w.,and were significantly different compared those in the vehicle control group,which suggested developmental toxicity in the ***,the phenol-exposed groups showed no significant change in other parameters compared with the vehicle control group(P>0.05).Conclusion Despite using the same method as the US EPA,a different NOEAL of 15 mg/(kg·d)was obtained in this study.

关键词： Phenol Short-term exposure health advisory Verification

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Review of current coal rib control practices

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Underground Space 2023年第2期9卷 53-75页

作者： Dogukan Guner Samuel Nowak Taghi Sherizadeh Maurice Sunkpal Khaled Mohamed Yuting Xue Department of Mining and Explosives Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO 65409USA cdc NIOSH Pittsburgh Mining Research DivisionPittsburghPA 15236USA

The instability of coal ribs in underground mines continues to result in the injuries and fatalities of mine *** proper esti-mation and evaluation of primary and secondary support for coal ribs is still a challenging problem in the field of ground control science and requires further research and *** mining operations have various support design criteria and support methodologies for strata control,most rib support designs are still based on experience and local *** review study is intended to summarize the currently applied practices for rib support and control in various countries and mining ***,critical parameters that con-trol the amount and type of required rib support are considered and *** study revealed that among these parameters that control the stability of coal ribs,mining depth,rib height,cleat orientation/condition,and coal strength are the most significant ***,current rib support application methods were also *** to rock mass classification systems,some studies proposed a rib control rating system for practical estimation of the current rib condition and to estimate primary support *** studies are classified and summarized into two groups(categorical and empirical)based on the required inputs and *** based coal rib rating systems were closely examined,and the usefulness and intuitive aspects of each rating system were *** comprehensive literature review demonstrates that the Australian rating system,Analysis and Design of Rib Support(ADRS),and the new *** system,Coal Pillar Rib Rating(CPRR),are highly applicable for their regions.

关键词： Coal rib Ground control Rib support Rib control techniques ADRS CPRR

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