检索结果-南通市图书馆

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第10期21卷 2973-2983页

作者： LIU Zhi ZHANG Liu-ping ZHAO Jie JIAN Jin-zhuo PENG Huan HUANG Wen-kun KONG Ling-an PENG De-liang LIU Shi-ming State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China MARA–cabi Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China

Soybean cyst nematode(SCN)Heterodera glycines is considered as the major constraint to soybean production.Gm SHMT08 at Rhg4 locus on chromosome 08,encoding a serine hydroxylmethyltransferase,is a major gene underlying resistance against H.glycines in Peking-type soybeans.However,the molecular mechanism underpinning this resistance is less well characterized,and whether Gm SHMT08 could interact with proteins in H.glycines remains unclear.In this study,yeast two-hybrid screening was conducted using Gm SHMT08 as a bait protein,and a fragment of a 70-kDa heat shock protein(Hg HSP70)was screened from H.glycines that exhibited interaction with Gm SHMT08.This interaction was verified by both GST pull-down and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays.Our finding reveals Hg HSP70 could be applied as a potential candidate gene for further exploring the mechanism on Gm SHMT08-mediated resistance against SCN H.glycines.

关键词： soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines GmSHMT08 HgHSP70 interaction resistance

CHALLENGES AND CAPACITY GAPS IN SMALLHOLDER ACCESS TO DIGITAL EXTENSION AND ADVISORY SERVICES IN KENYA AND UGANDA

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第4期9卷 642-654页

作者： Monica K.KANSIIME Idah MUGAMBI Harrison RWARE Christine ALOKIT Caroline ALIAMO Feng ZHANG Jakob LATZKO Puyun YANG Daniel KARANJA Dannie ROMNEY CAB International Africa P.O.Box 633-00621NairobiKenya CAB International Lugard AvenueEntebbeUganda cabi East Asia Beijing 100081China Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO) Research and Extension Unit(OINR)Office of Innovation00153 RomeItaly

An assessment of the challenges and capacity gaps in smallholder access to digital extension and advisory services(EAS)was made by surveying 197 female and 239 male farmers in Kenya and Uganda.Non-digital extension approaches remain dominant but at least 78%of farmers accessed EAS from electronic sources dominated by radio.This is attributed to the fact that ownership of radios was more widespread than of other digital devices.Challenges that particularly limit the use of digital services included low digital literacy and prohibitive cost of internet and mobile devices.Female and elderly farmers were more likely to report these challenges than their counterparts.Logistic regression model results show that ownership of digital devices,participation in post-production activities,and access to extension were enablers of digital EAS use.Farmers mentioned gaps in obtaining information on crop pest/disease diagnosis and management,fertilizer application,pesticide safety and quality seed.Given the diversity in smallholder technological capabilities and information needs,the recommendations made include integration of digital communication within multimode advisory services that use different but linked communication channels,continued farmer digital innovation capacity enhancement,and participatory design approaches that deliver relevant and actionable information for inclusive scaling of extension activities.

关键词： advisory service agricultural extension digital extension digital literacy

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

黄脊竹蝗在中国的发生及防控技术

中国生物防治学报 2022年第2期38卷 531-536页

作者：李红梅王珺雅卓富彦朱景全涂雄兵张国财 BELINDA Luke 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部-cabi生物安全联合实验室北京100193 cabi东亚中心北京100081 东北林业大学哈尔滨150040 全国农业技术推广服务中心北京100125 cabi英国埃格姆 TW209TY

黄脊竹蝗为重大林业害虫,多在竹林造成为害。2020年黄脊竹蝗从老挝、越南等地跨境进入中国云南省并在农区造成了严重为害。本文主要综述了黄脊竹蝗在我国发生的历史与现状、暴发的原因以及主要的防治措施,归纳了黄脊竹蝗不同发育阶段的... 详细信息

黄脊竹蝗为重大林业害虫,多在竹林造成为害。2020年黄脊竹蝗从老挝、越南等地跨境进入中国云南省并在农区造成了严重为害。本文主要综述了黄脊竹蝗在我国发生的历史与现状、暴发的原因以及主要的防治措施,归纳了黄脊竹蝗不同发育阶段的有效防治措施,重点总结了利用生防天敌和生物农药防治黄脊竹蝗的研究进展,为黄脊竹蝗综合防控提供参考依据。

关键词：黄脊竹蝗跨境生物防治天敌生物农药

Does Bt maize expressing CrylAc protein have adverse effects on the parasitoid Macrocentrus cingulum （Hymenoptera： Braconidae）？

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 599-612页

作者： Zeng-Xia Wang Yun-He Li Kang-Lai He Shu-Xiong Bai Tian-Tao Zhang Wan-Zhi Cai Zhen-Ying Wang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests MOA - CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Beijing China Department of Entomology China Agriculture University Beijing China

The potential effects of insect-resistant, genetically engineered （GE） crops on non-target organisms, especially on predators and parasitoids, must be evaluated before their commercial cultivation. The effects of GE maize that produces CrylAc toxin on the parasitoid Macrocentrus cingulum were assessed by direct bioassay and indirect bioassay. In the indirect bioassay, parasitism rate, cocoon weight and the number of M. cingu- lure progeny produced per host were significantly reduced when M. cingulum-parasitized CrylAc-susceptible Ostriniafurnacalis were fed a diet containing purified CrylAc; how- ever, life-table parameters of M. cingulum were not adversely affected when the same assay was performed with Cry 1Ac-resistant （9. furnacalis. These results indicated that the detrimental effects detected with a CrylAc-susceptible host were mediated by poor host quality. In a direct bioassay, no difference in life-table parameters were detected when M. cingulum adults were directly fed a 20% honey solution with or without CrylAc; however, survival and longevity were significantly reduced when M. cingulum adults were fed a honey solution containing potassium arsenate, which was used as a positive control. The stability and bioactivity of CrylAc toxin in the food sources and CrylAc toxin uptake by the host insect and parasitoid were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and sensitive-insect bioassays. Our results demonstrate that M. cingulum is not sensitive to CrylAc toxin at concentrations exceeding those encountered in Bacillus thuringiensis maize fields. This study also demonstrates the power of using resistant hosts when assess- ing the risk of genetically modified plants on non-target organisms and will be useful for assessing other non-target impacts.

关键词： CrylAc toxin ELISA environmental risk assessment non-target effects parasitoids prey/host quality-mediated effects

Morphology versus DNA barcoding： two sides of the same coin. A case study of Ceutorhynchus erysimi and C. contractus identification

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2016年第4期23卷 638-648页

作者： Svetlana Stepanovic Andrea Kosovac Oliver Krstic Jelena Jovic lvo Tosevski Faculty of Science Institute of Biology and Ecology University of Kragujevac 34000 Kragujevac Serbia Department of Plant Pests Institute for Plant Protection and Environment Banatska 33 11080 Zemun Serbia cabi 1 Rue des Grillons 2800 Delemont Switzerland

Genotyping of 2 well-known weevil species from the genus Ceutorhynchus （Coleoptera： Curculionidae） distributed in west Palearctic, C. erysimi and C. contractus, revealed phenotype versus genotype inconsistencies in a set of 56 specimens （25 C. erysimi and 31 C. contractus） collected from 25 locations in Serbia and Montenegro. An analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene （CO1）, widely used as a barcoding region, and a nuclear gene, elongation factor-v （EF-1α）, revealed stable genetic divergence among these species. The average uncorrected pairwise distances for the CO1 and EF-1α genes were 3.8%, and 1.3%, respectively, indicating 2 genetically well-segregated species. However, the genetic data were not congruent with the phenotypic characteristics of the studied specimens. In the first place, C. erysimi genotypes were attached to specimens with phenotypic characteristics of C. contractus. Species-specific PCR-RFLP assays for the barcoding gene COIwere applied for the molecular identification of 101 additional specimens of both morphospecies （33 C. erysimi and 68 C. contractus） and were found to confirm this incongruity. The discrepancy between the genetic and morphological data raises the question of the accuracy of using a barcoding approach, as it may result in misleading conclusions about the taxonomic position of the studied organism. Additionally, the typological species concept shows considerable weakness when genetic data are not supported with phenotypic characteristics as in case of asymmetric introgression, which may cause certain problems, especially in applied studies such as biological control programs in which the biological properties of the studied organisms are the main focus.

关键词： Ceutorhynchus contractus Ceutorhynchus erysimi DNA barcoding molecular identification morphology PCR-RFLP

Comparative Efficacy of Common Broad Leaf Herbicides against an Invasive Weed: <i>Parthenium</i><i>hysterophorus</i>L.

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Sciences 2020年第7期11卷 617-626页

作者： Kazam Ali Abdul Rehman Kausar Khan Philip Weyl Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International (cabi) Central West Asia (CWA) Rawalpindi Pakistan Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International (cabi) Delemont Switzerland

Parthenium hysterophorus L. (parthenium weed) is an annual weed that grows rapidly in disturbed land. It is considered as one of the most hazardous weeds in Pakistan as it poses serious health problems to livestock as well as severe allergenic reactions in humans. It has invaded the Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces and also been spreading in other parts of the country where it poses a risk for the grazing lands, roadsides, forests, wet lands, waste lands and of all types of cropped and non-cropped areas in Pakistan. The present studies were carried out to determine the impact of four locally available broad leaf herbicides viz;Stomp 455 CS (pendimethalin), Buctril Super 60 EC (bromoxynil + MCPA), Vantage 48 SL (glyphosate) and Logran Extra 750 WG (triasulfuron + terbutryn) (@ recommended and ½ of recommended dose) against P. hysterophorus grown in pots at research field of cabi CWA, Rawalpindi. All herbicides were applied at three growth stages (rosette, bolted and flowering). The observations for the mortality of P. hysterophorus were made 2 and 4 weeks after spray. The glyphosate was the most effective and reported 100% mortality of P. hysterophorus plants at flowering stage followed by bromoxynil + MCPA (89%), pendimethalin (80%) and triasulfuron + terbutryn (61%) at recommended dose after 4 weeks of spray. All tested herbicides achieved a mortality between 38% - 86% at rosette while 54% - 96% mortality at bolted stage after 4 weeks. Initially, 2 weeks after spray at flowering stage glyphosate caused 53% wilting followed by 49% (bromoxynil + MCPA), 33% (pendimethalin) and 9% (triasulfuron + terbutryn) at their recommended doses. The results indicated that P. hysterophorus is the most susceptible to glyphosate and bromoxynil + MCPA, both these herbicides are very p

关键词： Parthenium hysterophorus Annual Weed Herbicides Mortality Wilting

猕猴桃园中6种植被生境节肢动物群落结构特征分析

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

河北师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第3期48卷 281-293页

作者：白依娜田鑫月杨开宝宋梁栋张世泽刘占德张峰史树森张金平吉林农业大学植物保护学院吉林长春130118 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所农业农村部-cabi生物安全联合实验室北京100193 西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院陕西杨凌712199 陕西省咸阳市兴平市植保植检站陕西兴平713100 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院陕西杨凌712199 西北农林科技大学园艺学院陕西杨凌712199

为探究猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis)园不同植被生境类型对节肢动物群落的影响.利用扫网和黄板诱集2种取样方法对猕猴桃园内鼠茅草(Vulpia myuros)、白三叶(Trifolium repens)、紫云英(Astragalus sinicus)、豌豆(Pisum sativum)、毛苕子... 详细信息

为探究猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis)园不同植被生境类型对节肢动物群落的影响.利用扫网和黄板诱集2种取样方法对猕猴桃园内鼠茅草(Vulpia myuros)、白三叶(Trifolium repens)、紫云英(Astragalus sinicus)、豌豆(Pisum sativum)、毛苕子(Vicia villosa)、百景一号(混播品种)6种生境中节肢动物种类和数量进行调查,并通过比较不同生境所得样本分析节肢动物群落的丰富度、多样性、相似性、均匀度等群落结构特征.此次调查共采集节肢动物136种共计5909头,分属2纲10目48科.综合评价各生境采集的个体数量,发现优势类群为昆虫纲(Insecta),半翅目(Hemiptera),盲蝽科(Mirada).不同生境中昆虫个体数量由多到少依次为百景一号>毛苕子>白三叶>鼠茅草>紫云英>豌豆;昆虫种类由多到少依次为百景一号>白三叶>鼠茅草>毛苕子>紫云英>豌豆.群落结构特征分析结果显示:各生境多样性指数H′值无显著性差异(P=0.357);紫云英与豌豆生境丰富度显著低于其他4种生境(P白三叶>鼠茅草>毛苕子>紫云英>豌豆;均匀度指数J值无显著性差异(P=0.875).毛苕子生境与鼠茅草生境结构相似性系数为0.5625,呈中等相似.不同植被生境类型对猕猴桃园节肢动物群落结构组成有较明显影响,百景一号生境对昆虫群落数量和个体数量均最有利,且节肢动物多样性指数也最高.

关键词：猕猴桃园不同生草环境节肢动物群落节肢动物多样性种群个体数量

草地贪夜蛾对不同生育期玉米产量的影响及防治指标

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

植物保护学报 2022年第6期49卷 1705-1711页

作者：陈浩梁林璐璐钟永志张峰谢明惠张光玲苏卫华安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所安徽-CABI农业有害生物防控联合实验室合肥230031 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所农业农村部-CABI生物安全联合实验室北京100193

为明确草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda对我国玉米产量造成的损失,并制订相应的防治指标,在玉米不同生育期分别接入不同数量的草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫,研究其为害玉米后对产量和其他相关指标造成的影响,建立不同生育期产量损失与不同为害率... 详细信息

为明确草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda对我国玉米产量造成的损失,并制订相应的防治指标,在玉米不同生育期分别接入不同数量的草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫,研究其为害玉米后对产量和其他相关指标造成的影响,建立不同生育期产量损失与不同为害率之间的回归方程。结果显示,大喇叭口期接虫对玉米成株期株高有显著影响,玉米各生长时期接入不同数量草地贪夜蛾后对产量损失均有显著影响。根据防治成本及玉米产量等指标计算出国内玉米的经济危害允许水平为5.56%。利用回归方程计算出玉米小喇叭口期、大喇叭口期以及吐丝期的防治指标分别是为害率达8.72%、7.99%和6.17%。

关键词：草地贪夜蛾玉米不同生育期产量防治指标

Perception and Management Strategies of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Maize, Millet and Sorghum by Farmers in Western Burkina Faso

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Entomology 2023年第3期11卷 204-222页

作者： Innocent S. Yaméogo Delphine Ouattara Rémi Dabiré Arthur Ki Lakpo Agboyi Olivier Gnankiné Marc Kenis Souleymane Nacro Science and Technology Doctoral School Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Ré gional de Recherches Environnementales et Agricoles de l’Ouest Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre Agricole Polyvalent de Matourkou Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre International d’Agriculture et de Biosciences (cabi) CSIR Campus Cantonments Ghana Centre International d’Agriculture et de Biosciences (cabi) Delé mont Switzerland Centre Ré gional de Recherches Environnementales Agricoles et de Formation de Kamboinsé Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Since it was first detected in Africa in early 2016, the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has spread to over 50 African countries, including Burkina Faso. This insect pest attacks important cereals, such as maize, millet and sorghum, which are the staple food in Burkina Faso. Since the invasion of the FAW in Africa, data on farmers’ knowledge and their perceptions of this insect’s pest are scarce and fragmented in Burkina Faso. Although this issue has been already addressed in some African countries, farmers’ perceptions of this invasive insect pest may differ from one country to another. This reality justifies our study, the main objective of which is to assess the perception and level of knowledge of farmers on this new invasive insect pest and the consequences of its damage to cereal production in western Burkina Faso. To do this, a stratified survey was conducted among 355 farmers in two important agricultural regions of Burkina Faso, namely the Hauts-Bassins and the Cascades. At the end of these surveys, it was found that the age of the people surveyed varied from 18 to 80 years. People between the ages of 41 and 50 and 31 and 40 were the most numerous, with 31.27% and 30.14% of the target population, respectively. In addition, the majority of the farmers were male, 94.08% of them being men and 5.92% being women. More than half (50.42%) of this population was non-literate. Almost all of the farmers surveyed (97.46%) said they had heard of S. frugiperda and 80.85% of them said they could identify the insect pest. The date of appearance of the FAW was variously perceived by the farmers of the study area. According to these cereals growers, the years 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 were to be remembered in terms of the insect pest’s appearance. While for sorghum and millet the change in yields from 2010 to 2019 seemed slight, it was quite remarkable for maize according to the farmers. The average maize yield in 2016 and 2017 was 1.95 and 1.83 t/ha, respectively. These values

关键词： Spodoptera frugiperda Cereals Yield Losses Burkina Faso

中国长柄姬小蜂属 (Hemiptarsenus Westwood)分类(英文)

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2000年第1期7卷 1-11页

作者：朱朝东 JohnLaSalle 黄大卫 DepartmentofBiology Imperial Collegeat SilwoodPark Unit of Parasitoid Systematics cabi Bioscience UK Centre(Ascot) Berks!SL57PY 中国科学院动物研究所!北京100080

本文记述中国长柄姬小蜂属 (HemiptarsenusWestwood) 5种 ,其中包括 1新种 :黄盾姬小蜂HemiptarsenusstrigiscutaZhu ,LaSalleandHuang ,并附种检索表。检视标本中采自大陆的部分 ,包括模式标本均存放在中国科学院动物研究所标本馆 ,采... 详细信息

本文记述中国长柄姬小蜂属 (HemiptarsenusWestwood) 5种 ,其中包括 1新种 :黄盾姬小蜂HemiptarsenusstrigiscutaZhu ,LaSalleandHuang ,并附种检索表。检视标本中采自大陆的部分 ,包括模式标本均存放在中国科学院动物研究所标本馆 ,采自台湾的标本大部分存放在台湾农业研究所。黄棒长柄姬小蜂Hemiptarsenusornatus (Nees ,1834) :棒节完全黄色 ;并胸腹节长度不超过小盾片的一半 ;小盾片遍布纵长沟纹 ,完全呈橘黄色 ;头部和中胸盾片呈金属绿色 ;柄后腹近光滑 ;头部有微弱的刻纹 ;中胸盾片有网纹 ;腹柄近锥形。分布 :北京 ,江西 ,台湾 ;古北区。中突长柄姬小蜂Hemiptarsenusunguicellus (Zetterstedt) :并胸腹节中部明显比两侧高 ,约和小盾片等长 ,上面的中脊和侧脊明显。本种变化较大。分布 :北京 ,河北 ,辽宁 ,吉林 ,江苏 ,福建 ,河南 ,湖北 ,湖南 ,台湾 ,海南 ,四川 ,云南 ,西藏 ,甘肃 ,宁夏 ;新北区和古北区。亮翅长柄姬小蜂HemiptarsenusvaricornisGirault:棒节基部暗色 ,端部淡色 ;并胸腹节长度不超过小盾片的一半 ;小盾片遍布纵长沟纹 ,完全呈橘黄色 ;头部和中胸盾片呈金属绿色 ;柄后腹近光滑 ;头部有微弱的刻纹 ;中胸盾片有网纹 ;腹柄近锥形。本种和H .fulvicollisWestwood相近 ,但后者前翅透明

关键词：膜翅目姬小蜂科长柄姬小蜂属新种新纪录