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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2014年第3期4卷 73-82页

作者： Ron Eccles Ingo Fietze Uwe-Bernd Rose Common Cold Centre and Healthcare Clinical Trials Cardiff School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK Campus Charité Mitte—Schlafmedizinisches Zentrum BerlinGermany burg apotheke Konigstein/TaunusGermany

This up-to-date overview will look at the rationale for the recommendation of combination products for multi-symptom relief of common cold and flu. Common cold and flu are defined by their multi-symptom nature with data showing a variety of symptoms reported simultaneously each day over the first six days of illness. Multi-ingredient combination products for multi-symptom relief are formulated to safely, simply, and simultaneously treat multiple symptoms when used as directed. The rationale for the formulation combination products for common cold and flu is therefore practical, logical and reasonable. No evidence has been found that multi-symptom relief medicines are inherently less safe than single-active ingredient medicines. Multi-symptom relief combination products containing several active ingredients provide a safe, effective, cost-effective, and convenient way of treating the multiple symptoms of common cold and flu, when used as directed. This therapy requires some special information for the patient to be provided by the physician and the pharmacist.

关键词： Combination Products Multi-Symptom Relief Multi-Ingredient Common Cold Flu

Avian hepatitis B viruses： Molecular and cellular biology, phylogenesis, and host tropism

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第1期13卷 91-103页

作者： Anneke Funk Mouna Mhamdi Hans Will Hüseyin Sirma Department of General Virology Heinrich-Pette-lnstitut Fttr expe-rimentelle Virologic und Immunologic an der Universitaet Ham-burg Hamburg Germany

The human hepatitis B virus （HBV） and the duck hepatitis B virus （DHBV） share several fundamental features. Both viruses have a partially double-stranded DNA genome that is replicated via a RNA intermediate and the coding open reading frames （ORFs） overlap extensively. In addition, the genomic and structural organization, as well as replication and biological characteristics, are very similar in both viruses. Host of the key features of hepadnaviral infection were first discovered in the DHBV model system and subsequently confirmed for HBV. There are, however, several differences between human HBV and DHBV. This review will focus on the molecular and cellular biology, evolution, and host adaptation of the avian hepatitis B viruses with particular emphasis on DHBV as a model system.

关键词： Hepadnavirus Pararetroviruses Evolution Host range Genome Structure, Virions Subviral particles In vitro and in v/vo infection Transport Fusion Endocytosis Hepatocellular differentiation cccDNA Gene expression Horphogenesis and secretion

Method and Apparatus for Creating Problem-Solving Complexes from Individual Elements

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第4期5卷 311-315页

作者： Bernhard Mitterauer Volitronics-Institute for Basic Research Psychopathol-ogy and Brain Philosophy University of Salzburg Salz-burg Austria

Based on the biological key-lock-principle common in various biological systems such as the human brain, this paper relates to a method and device for creating problem-solving complexes from individual elements that can be coupled with one another and that have different properties to solve problems. The problem solution can be carried out either serially with a large computer, or with several independent, hierarchically joined computers. In this system, an independent control unit that assumes a multitude of tasks and also acts as an interface with access to all participating computers, is assigned to each problem or object class according to the amount of potential problem-oriented solutions. Such a unit prepares the partial solutions found in its computer for the totality of the solutions computed in the associated computers, finally leading to a total problem solution.

关键词： Key-Lock-Principle Geometrical Elements Computer System Composition Problem-Solving

In situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering observation of block-copolymer templated formation of magnetic nanodot arrays and their magnetic properties

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Nano Research 2017年第2期10卷 456-471页

作者： Andreas Meyer Norbert Franz Hans Peter Oepen Jan Perlich Gerardina Carbone Till Hartmut Metzger Institut fiJr Physikalische Chemie Universitat Hamburg Grindelallee 117 20146 Ham burg Germany Institut for Nanostruktur und Festkorperphysik Universitat Hamburg Jungiusstr. 11a 20355 Hamburg Germany HASYLAB/Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron Notkestr. 85 22603 Hamburg Germany European Synchrotron Radiation Facility 6 rue Jules Horowitz 38043 Grenoble France

The fabrication of bit-patterned media （BPM） is crucial for new types of hard disk drives. The development of methods for the production of BPM is progressing rapidly. Conventional lithography reaches the limit regarding lateral resolution, and new routes are needed. In this study, we mainly focus on the dependence of the size and shape of magnetic nanodots on the Ar＋-ion etching duration, using silica dots as masks. Two-dimensional （2D） arrays of magnetic nanostructures are created using silica-filled diblock-copolymer micelles as templates. After the self-assembly of the micelles into 2D hexagonal arrays, the polymer shell is removed, and the SiO2 cores are utilized to transform the morphology into a （Co/Pt）2-multilayer via ion etching under normal incidence. The number of preparation steps is kept as low as possible to simplify the formation of the nanostructure arrays. High-resolution in situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering （GISAXS） investigations are performed during the Ar＋-ion etching to monitor and control the fabrication process. The in situ investigation provides information on how the etching conditions can be improved for further ex situ experiments. The GISAXS patterns are compared with simulations. We observe that the dots change in shape from cylindrical to conical during the etching process. The magnetic behavior is studied by utilizing the magneto-optic Kerr effect. The Co/Pt dots exhibit different magnetic behaviors depending on their size, interparticle distance, and etching time. They show ferromagnetism with an easy axis of magnetization perpendicular to the film. A systematic dependence of the coercivitv on the dot size is observed.

关键词： poly(styrene)-b-poly(vinyl pyridine) argon ion etching self-assembly grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering(GISAXS) simulation magnetic nanodot coercivity

A Comparative Testing of <i>Cucumber mosaic virus</i>(CMV)-Based Constructs to Generate Virus Resistant Plants

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 461-472页

作者： Xinqiu Tan Deyong Zhang Charlotte Wintgens Peter Willingmann Günter Adam Cornelia Heinze Biocentre Klein-Flottbek and Botanical Garden University of Hamburg Ham-burg Germany Hunan Plant Protection Institute Changsha China

Among the viruses Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has been rated worldwide as one of the five most important viruses infecting vegetable species. CMV is a tripartite virus with high sequence variability, classified into three subgroups with 80% to 97% identical nucleotides in their coat protein. Due to the absence of natural resistance CMV is the plant virus with longest history in genetic engineering using pathogen induced approaches. However, the transformation and regeneration for some very important crops like chili is difficult. Therefore it will be an advantage to screen in model plants for gene constructs which might be independent of the target of final transformation and other parameters having an influence on the efficiency of a biotechnological approach. In our study we compared the resistance for all combinations of five different antiviral constructs, two different transformation vectors and two model host plants. From these approaches we identified the most effective construct which might also be applicable to transform eventually chili plants.

关键词： Cucumber mosaic virus Transgenic Plant Resistance Comparison

Neddylation-dependent protein degradation is a nexus between synaptic insulin resistance,neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 931-948页

作者： Alessandro Dario Confettura Eleonora Cuboni Mohamed Rafeet Ammar Shaobo Jia Guilherme M.Gomes PingAn Yuanxiang Rajeev Raman Tingting Li Katarzyna M.Grochowska Robert Ahrends Anna Karpova Alexander Dityatev Michael R.Kreutz RG Neuroplasticity Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology39118 Magde-burgGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases(DZNE) 39120 MagdeburgGermany Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Otto Von Guericke University39120 MagdeburgGermany Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. 44227 DortmundGermany Leibniz Group‘Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function’ Center for Molecular NeurobiologyZMNHUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20251 Ham-burgGermany Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Vienna1090 WienAustria Medical Faculty Otto-von-Guericke University39120 MagdeburgGermany.

Background:The metabolic syndrome is a consequence of modern lifestyle that causes synaptic insulin resistance and cognitive deficits and that in interaction with a high amyloid load is an important risk factor for Alzheimer’s *** has been proposed that neuroinflammation might be an intervening variable,but the underlying mechanisms are currently ***:We utilized primary neurons to induce synaptic insulin resistance as well as a mouse model of high-risk aging that includes a high amyloid load,neuroinflammation,and diet-induced obesity to test hypotheses on underly-ing ***:We found that neddylation and subsequent activation of cullin-RING ligase complexes induced synaptic insulin resistance through ubiquitylation and degradation of the insulin-receptor substrate IRS1 that organizes synap-tic insulin ***,inhibition of neddylation preserved synaptic insulin signaling and rescued memory deficits in mice with a high amyloid load,which were fed with a’western diet’.Conclusions:Collectively,the data suggest that neddylation and degradation of the insulin-receptor substrate is a nodal point that links high amyloid load,neuroinflammation,and synaptic insulin resistance to cognitive decline and impaired synaptic plasticity in high-risk aging.

关键词： Metabolic syndrome Alzheimer’s disease Neddylation Cullins MLN-4924 Insulin IRS1 Amyloid-β TNFα

Computation and field experiment validation of greenhouse energy load using building energy simulation model

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第6期8卷 116-127页

作者： Taehwan Ha In-bok Lee Kyeong-seok Kwon Se-Woon Hong College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University1 Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul 151-921Korea Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences 1 Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul 151-921Korea Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research(ILVO) Burg.Van Gansberghelaan 1159820 MerelbekeBelgium

Greenhouse Building Energy Simulation(BES)models were developed to estimate the energy load using TRNSYS(ver.16,University of Wisconsin,USA),a commercial BES *** was conducted based on data recorded during field *** BES greenhouse modeling is reliable,as validation showed 5.2%and 5.5%compared with two field experiments,*** the next step,the heating characteristics of the greenhouses were analyzed to predict the maximum and annual total heating loads based on the greenhouse types and target locations in the Republic of Korea using the validated greenhouse *** BES-computed results indicated that the annual heating load was greatly affected by the local climate conditions of the target *** annual heating load of greenhouses located in Chuncheon,the northernmost region,was 44.6%higher than greenhouses in Jeju,the southernmost area among the studied *** regression models for prediction of maximum heating load of Venlo type greenhouse and widespan type greenhouse were developed based on the BES computed results to easily predict maximum heating load at field and they explained nearly 95%and 80%of the variance in the data set used,respectively,with the predictor *** a BES model of geothermal energy system was additionally designed and incorporated into the BES greenhouse *** feasibility of the geothermal energy system for greenhouse was estimated through economic analysis.

关键词： Greenhouse building energy simulation(BES) energy load dynamic analysis geothermal energy heating load

Photo-Identification Methods Reveal Seasonal and Long-Term Site-Fidelity of Risso’s Dolphins (<i>Grampus griseus</i>) in Shallow Waters (Cardigan Bay, Wales)

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2013年第2期3卷 66-75页

作者： Marijke N. de Boer Josephine Clark Mardik F. Leopold Mark P. Simmonds Peter J. H. Reijnders Wageningen IMARES Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies Den Burg The Netherlands Wageningen IMARES Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies Den Burg The Netherlands Wageningen University Dept. Aquatic Ecology and Waterquality Management Wageningen The Netherlands Wageningen IMARES Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies Den Burg The Netherlands Wageningen University Dept. Aquatic Ecology and Waterquality Management Wageningen The Netherlands WDC Whale and Dolphin Conservation Chippenham UK WDC Whale and Dolphin Conservation Chippenham UK

A photo-identification study on Risso’s dolphins was carried out off BardseyIslandinWales(July to September, 1997-2007). Their local abundance was estimated using two different analytical techniques: (1) mark-recapture of well-marked dolphins using a ‘closed-population’ model;and (2) a census technique based on the total number of identified individual dolphins sighted over the study period. The mark-recapture estimates of 121 (left sides;64 - 178 95% CI;CV 0.24) and 145 dolphins (right sides;78 - 213 95% CI;CV 0.24) closely matched the census technique estimates (population size of 90 - 151). It was found that the dolphins showed a degree of long-term and seasonal site-fidelity. A first long-distance match was made for Risso’s dolphins (319 km) betweenBardseyIslandandCornwall, confirming they can be wide-ranging animals. This study demonstrates that the combination of systematic and opportunistic photo-ID studies has complementary value as a population assessment tool in generating the first local abundance estimate for Risso’s dolphins inUKwaters. From the conservation perspective, these studies confirm the regular presence of Risso’s dolphins in these waters and the presence of calves shows *** be part of a network of localities that are important habitats to this species where it may take advantage of prey abundance in shallow waters. As such, results of this study may provide assistance to include the Risso’s dolphin in future regional conservation strategies including the envisaged marine protected areas.

关键词： Risso’s Dolphin Grampus griseus Abundance Mark-Recapture Photo-Identification Conservation

TIME-CRITICAL COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTATION FOR INTELLIGENT VEHICULAR NETWORKS

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China Communications 2021年第6期18卷 I0004-I0006页

作者： Shanzhi Chen Tommy Svensson Sheng Zhou Shan Zhang State Key Laboratory of Wireless Mobile Communications CATT Chalmers University of Technology in Gothen-burg Sweden Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University BeijingChina

Vehicular networks are expected to empower auto mated driving and intelligent transportation via vehicle-to-everything(V2X)communications and edge/cloud-assisted computation,and in the meantime Cellular V2X(C-V2X)is gaining wide support from the global industrial *** 5G NR-V2X technology is the evolution of LTE-V2X,which is expected to provide ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications(uRLLC)with 1ms latency and 99.999%***,vehicular networks still face great challenges in supporting many emerging time-critical applications,which comprise sensing,communication and computation as closed-loops.

关键词： networks V2X driving

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列日居尔曼高铁火车站,列日,比利时

世界建筑 2011年第6期 74-81页

作者：圣地亚哥.卡拉特拉瓦徐知兰 Barbara burg+Oliver Schuh

列日是目前欧洲高速铁路网络中连接英国、法国、比利时和德国的一个主要节点。当列日市为了适应高速铁路交通的需要而重建现有火车站的时候,列日欧洲高铁公司面向全欧洲建筑师征集了设计方案。圣地亚哥.卡拉特拉瓦获得了新列日市居尔曼... 详细信息

列日是目前欧洲高速铁路网络中连接英国、法国、比利时和德国的一个主要节点。当列日市为了适应高速铁路交通的需要而重建现有火车站的时候,列日欧洲高铁公司面向全欧洲建筑师征集了设计方案。圣地亚哥.卡拉特拉瓦获得了新列日市居尔曼火车站的设计任务,这在很大程度上归功于他在该领域的丰富经验,

关键词：火车站比利时高铁设计任务卡拉特拉瓦铁路网络铁路交通圣地亚哥