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A Survey on Sensor-and Communication-Based Issues of Autonomous UAVs

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1019-1050页

作者： Pavlo Mykytyn Marcin Brzozowski Zoya Dyka Peter Langendoerfer IHP-Leibniz-Institut für Innovative Mikroelektronik Wireless SystemsFrankfurt(Oder)15236Germany BTU cottbus-senftenberg Faculty 1:MINTCottbus03046German

The application field for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology and its adoption rate have been increasingsteadily in the past years. Decreasing cost of commercial drones has enabled their use at a scale broader thanever before. However, increasing the complexity of UAVs and decreasing the cost, both contribute to a lack ofimplemented securitymeasures and raise new security and safety concerns. For instance, the issue of implausible ortampered UAV sensor measurements is barely addressed in the current research literature and thus, requires moreattention from the research community. The goal of this survey is to extensively review state-of-the-art literatureregarding common sensor- and communication-based vulnerabilities, existing threats, and active or passive cyberattacksagainst UAVs, as well as shed light on the research gaps in the literature. In this work, we describe theUnmanned Aerial System (UAS) architecture to point out the origination sources for security and safety *** the coverage and completeness of each related research work in a comprehensive comparison table as wellas classify the threats, vulnerabilities and cyber-attacks into sensor-based and communication-based ***, for each individual cyber-attack, we describe existing countermeasures or detectionmechanisms andprovide a list of requirements to ensureUAV’s security and *** also address the problem of implausible sensormeasurements and introduce the idea of a plausibility check for sensor data. By doing so, we discover additionalmeasures to improve security and safety and report on a research niche that is not well represented in the currentresearch literature.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicle unmanned aerial system cyber security and privacy drone swarm security vulnerabilities cyber-threats cyber-attacks plausibility check

Detoxification of ferrocyanide in a soil–plant system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 54-64页

作者： Tsvetelina Dimitrova Frank Repmann Dirk Freese brandenburg university of technology cottbus-senftenberg

The detoxification of iron cyanide in a soil–plant system was investigated to assess the total cyanide extracted from contaminated soil and allocated in the leaf tissue of willow trees(Salix caprea). They were grown in soil containing up to 1000 mg/kg dry weight(dw) of cyanide(CN),added as ^(15)N-labeled potassium ferrocyanide and prepared with a new method for synthesis of labeled iron cyanides. CN content and ^(15)N enrichment were monitored weekly over the exposure in leaf tissue of different age. The ^(15)N enrichment in the young and old leaf tissue reached up to 15.197‰ and 9063‰, respectively; it increased significantly over the exposure and with increasing exposure concentrations(p < 0.05). Although the CN accumulation in the old leaf tissue was higher, compared to the young leaf tissue(p < 0.05), the ^(15)N enrichment in the two tissue types did not differ statistically. This indicates a non-uniform CN accumulation but a uniform ^(15)N allocation throughout the leaf mass. Significant differences were detected between the measured CN content and the C^(15)N content, calculated from the ^(15)N enrichment(p < 0.05), revealing a significant CN fraction within the leaf tissue, which could not be detected as ionic CN. The application of labeled iron CN clearly shows that CN is detoxified during uptake by the willows. However, these results do not exclude other detoxification pathways, not related to the trees. Still, they are strongly indicative of the central role the trees played in CN removal and detoxification under the experimental conditions.

关键词： Iron cyanide Detoxification Exposure Phytoremediation

Promoting the production of challenging proteins via induced expression in CHO cells and modified cell-free lysates harboring T7 RNA polymerase and mutant eIF2α

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第3期9卷 416-424页

作者： Jeffrey L.Schloßhauer Lena Tholen Alexander Korner Stefan Kubick Sofia Chatzopoulou Anja Honow Anne Zemella Fraunhofer Project Group PZ-Syn of the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology-IZI Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses-IZI-BBAm MühlenbergPotsdamGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology-IZI Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses-IZI-BBAm MühlenbergPotsdamGermany Faculty of Health Sciences Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-SenftenbergThe Brandenburg Medical School Theodor FontaneUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory of Protein BiochemistryFreie Universitat BerlinThielallee 6314195BerlinGermany Institute of Biotechnology Technische Universit¨at BerlinStraße des 17.Juni 13510623BerlinGermany New/era/mabs GmbH August-Bebel-Str.8914482PotsdamGermany

Chinese hamster ovary(CHO)cells are crucial in biopharmaceutical production due to their scalability and capacity for human-like post-translational ***,toxic proteins and membrane proteins are often difficult-to-express in living ***,cell-free protein synthesis can be *** study explores innovative strategies for enhancing the production of challenging proteins through the modification of CHO cells by investigating both,cell-based and cell-free approaches.A major result in our study involves the integration of a mutant eIF2 translation initiation factor and T7 RNA polymerase into CHO cell lysates for cell-free protein *** resulted in elevated yields,while eliminating the necessity for exogenous additions during cell-free production,thereby substantially enhancing ***,we explore the potential of the Rosa26 genomic site for the integration of T7 RNA polymerase and cell-based tetracycline-controlled protein *** findings provide promising advancements in bioproduction technologies,offering flexibility to switch between cell-free and cell-based protein production as needed.

关键词： Inducible expression CHO cells Cell-free protein synthesis CRISPR T7 RNA polymerase eIF2 Rosa26

Thin layers of Fe doped ZnO deposited by spin-coating for electrolysis and photodetector applications

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： Dikra BOURAS Mamoun FELLAH Regis BARILLE Amjad IQBAL Hamadi FOUZIA Obrosov ALEKSEI Gamal A.EL-HITI Faculty of Science and technology， university of Souk-Ahras Mechanical Engineering Department， ABBES Laghrour university Biomaterial， Synthesis and Tribology Research team， ABBES Laghrour-university MOLTECH-Anjou， université d'Angers/UMR CNRS 6200 Department of Materials technologies， Faculty of Materials Engineering， Silesian university of technology Matter science department， ABBES Laghrour university brandenburg university of technology cottbus-senftenberg Department of Optometry， College of Applied Medical Sciences， King Saud university

ZnO is nowadays not only used as an additive for the copper and cement industry， but also in medicine and cosmetic industry as part of the substitute materials of choice for the field of new technologies such as renewable energy. This study aims to investigate the effect of iron concentration on the microstructural and structural properties of ZnO for Electrolysis and Photodetector Applications. The Thin layers of un-doped and doped ZnO with different percentages of Fe （2， 4， and 6 wt.%） were deposited by spin-coating on glass substrates. Sample characterization was done by X-ray diffraction （XRD）， Atomic force microscopy （AFM）， Scanning electron microscopy （SEM）， energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）， UV-visible absorption spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. Structural measurements by XRD show that all the layers are polycrystalline with a hexagonal Wurtzite structure. Two new peaks were also discovered after the doping process （400） and （440） belonging to the Fe2O4crystal phase spectrum. Morphological analysis showed that the surface roughness values of ZnO layers ranged between 8 and 45 nm. XPS studies confirmed the presence of Fe in +3 states in ZnO layers. An average transmittance of 90% was measured by UV- in the wavelength range of 200-900 nm. The values of the energy gap （Eg） decreased with an increase in the concentration of Fe. AFM topography results confirmed that ZnO-based thin layers have a relatively uniform surface. The efficiency of these samples has been confirmed for their use in many electrical applications， including photodetectors and electrolysis of contaminated solutions.

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Impact of renewable energies on the operation and economicsituation of coal fired power stations： Actual situation of coalfired power stations in Germany

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第2期11卷 119-125页

作者： Hans-Joachim KRAUTZ Alexander LISK Joachim POSSELT Christian KATZER Department for Power Plant technology Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg 03046 Cottbus Gemany

Due to the fluctuating character of the renewable energy sources the demand of conventional power plants for flexibility is increasing. In the recent years, in Germany there has been a fast rise of production capacity of renewable energies, especially from wind turbines, photovoltaic installations, and biomass plants. The installed nominal power of wind turbines is actually (December 2016) 42 GW and of photovoltaic installations 40?GW. The renewable electric energy production in Germany is about 190?TWh/a, which represents a share of 33% of the yearly demand. The increased need for flexibility affects both the power gradients as well as the minimum load of conventional power plants. Due to this flexibility behaviour, conventional power plants are faced with problems concerning the durability of power plant components, corrosion, more maintenance effort and consequently the overall life expectancy. Another consequence of the increasing share of renewable energies is the decreasing full load operating hours, especially of coal fired and gas power plants. Along with decreasing revenues from the energy exchange market, coal fired power plants are faced with new economically challenges.

关键词： flexible load operation minimal load power gradients power plant maintenance corrosion life expectancy

Eigenvalue sensitivity analysis based on the transfer matrix method

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2021年第1期1卷 96-107页

作者： Dieter Bestle Engineering Mechanics and Vehicle Dynamics Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus‐SenftenbergCottbusGermany

For linear mechanical systems,the transfer matrix method is one of the most efficient modeling and analysis ***,in contrast to classical mod-eling strategies,the final eigenvalue problem is based on a matrix which is a highly nonlinear function of the ***,classical strategies for sensitivity analysis of eigenvalues *** parameters cannot be *** paper develops two specific strategies for this situation,a direct differentiation strategy and an adjoint variable method,where especially the latter is easy to use and applicable to arbitrarily complex chain or branched multibody *** the system analysis itself,it is able to break down the sensitivity analysis of the overall system to analytically determinable derivatives of element transfer matrices and recursive formula which can be applied along the transfer path of the topology *** examples of different complexity validate the proposed approach by comparing results to analytical calculations and numerical *** obtained procedure may support gradient‐based optimization and robust design by delivering exact sensitivities.

关键词： adjoint variable method direct differentiation sensitivity analysis transfer matrix method

Special issue： Development of renewable energy and smart grid

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第2期11卷 105-118页

作者： Schwarz, Harald Cai, Xiaoshu brandenburg univ technol cottbus senftenberg Cottbus Germany univ Shanghai Sci & technol Grad Sch Shanghai Peoples R China univ Shanghai Sci & technol Coll Power Engn Shanghai Peoples R China

Germany,as well as China,conducted a variety of activities in the past decade to reduce CO2 in national power supply and strived to move to more renewable *** to geological differences in both countries,Germany established very fast a huge number of decentralized generation units from wind energy and *** from a technical point of view,these types of generation are highly fluctuating and not easily able to follow the power demand in the system minute by minute.

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Will Germany move into a situation with unsecured power supply?

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Frontiers in Energy 2019年第3期13卷 551-570页

作者： Harald SCHWARZ Energy Distribution and High Voltage Engineering Faculty 3Brandenburg University of TechnologyCottbus-Senftenberg 03013Germany

Together with a huge number of other countries, Germany signed the Paris Agreements in 2015 to prevent global temperature increase above 2℃. Within this agreement, all countries defined their own national contributions to CO2 reduction. Since that, it was visible that CO2 emissions in Germany decreased, but not so fast than proposed in this German nationally determined contribution to the Paris Agreement. Due to increasing traffic, CO2 emissions from this mobility sector increased and CO2 emission from German power generation is nearly constant for the past 20 years, even a renewable generation capacity of 112 GW was built up in 2017, which is much higher than the peak load of 84 GW in Germany. That is why the German National Government has implemented a commission (often called "The German Coal Commission") to propose a time line: how Germany can move out of coal-fired power stations. This "Coal Commission" started its work in the late spring of 2018 and handed over its final report with 336 pages to the government on January 26th, 2019. Within this report the following proposals were made:①Until 2022: Due to a former decision of the German Government, the actual remaining nuclear power generation capacity of about 10 GW has to be switched off in 2022. Besides, the "Coal Commission" proposed to switch off additionally in total 12.5 GW of both, hard coal and lignite-fired power plants, so that Germany should reduce its conventional generation capacity by 22.5 GW in 2022.②Until 2030: Another 13 GW of German hard coal or lignite-fired power plants should be switched off.③Until 2038:The final 17 GW of German hard coal or lignitefired power plants should be switched off until 2038 latest. Unfortunately the "Coal Commission" has not investigated the relevant technical parameter to ensure a secured electric power supply, based on German's own national resources. Because German Energy Revolution mainly is based on wind energy and photovoltaic, this paper will describe the

关键词： CO2 reduction mobility sector renewable generation coal commission secured power generation capacity reliable power supply power-to-gas power-to-heat

Are Ni/and Ni5Fe1/biochar catalysts suitable for synthetic natural gas production?A comparison with g-Al2O3 supported catalysts

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第3期8卷 744-756页

作者： M.Gonzalez-Castano C.Morales J.C.Navarro de Miguel J.H.Boelte O.Klepel J.I.Flege H.Arellano-García Department of Process and Plant technology Brandenburg University of Technology(BTU)Cottbus-SenftenbergPlatz der Deutschen 1Cottbus03046Germany Applied Physics and Semiconductor Spectroscopy Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-SenftenbergKonrad-Zuse-Strasse 1Cottbus03046Germany Department of Inorganic Chemistry Institute of Materials Science of SevilleConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Universidad de Sevilla(US)Avenida Americo Vespucio 49Seville41092Spain Institute of Materials Chemistry Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–SenftenbergUniversitatsplatz 1SenftenbergD-01968Germany

Among challenges implicit in the transition to the post-fossil fuel energetic model,the finite amount of resources available for the technological implementation of CO_(2) revalorizing processes arises as a central *** development of fully renewable catalytic systems with easier metal recovery strategies would promote the viability and sustainability of synthetic natural gas production circular *** Ni and NiFe catalysts supported over g-Al_(2)O_(3) oxide as reference materials,this work evaluates the potentiality of Ni and NiFe supported biochar catalysts for CO_(2) *** development of competitive biochar catalysts was found dependent on the creation of basic sites on the catalyst *** lower Turn Over Frequencies than Ni/Al catalyst,the absence of basic sites achieved over Ni/C catalyst was related to the depleted catalyst *** NiFe catalysts,analogous Ni_(5)Fe_(1) alloys were constituted over both alumina and biochar *** highest specific activity of the catalyst series,exhibited by the NiFe/C catalyst,was related to the development of surface basic sites along with weaker NiFe-C interactions,which resulted in increased Ni0:NiO surface populations under reaction *** summary,the present work establishes biochar supports as a competitive material to consider within the future low-carbon energetic panorama.

关键词： Biochar catalysts Carbon catalysts Ni catalysts NiFe alloy Bimetallic catalysts Synthetic natural gas CO_(2)methanation