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Machine learning applications in stroke medicine:advancements,challenges,and future prospectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 769-773页

作者： Mario Daidone Sergio Ferrantelli Antonino Tuttolomondo Internal Medicine and Stroke Care ward Department of Health PromotionMother and Child CareInternal Medicine and Medical SpecialtiesUniversity of Palermo Molecular and Clinical Medicine PhD Program University of Palermo

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide,necessitating the development of advanced technologies to improve its diagnosis,treatment,and patient outcomes.In recent years,machine learning techniques have emerged as promising tools in stroke medicine,enabling efficient analysis of large-scale datasets and facilitating personalized and precision medicine approaches.This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of machine learning’s applications,challenges,and future directions in stroke medicine.Recently introduced machine learning algorithms have been extensively employed in all the fields of stroke medicine.Machine learning models have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in imaging analysis,diagnosing stroke subtypes,risk stratifications,guiding medical treatment,and predicting patient prognosis.Despite the tremendous potential of machine learning in stroke medicine,several challenges must be addressed.These include the need for standardized and interoperable data collection,robust model validation and generalization,and the ethical considerations surrounding privacy and bias.In addition,integrating machine learning models into clinical workflows and establishing regulatory frameworks are critical for ensuring their widespread adoption and impact in routine stroke care.Machine learning promises to revolutionize stroke medicine by enabling precise diagnosis,tailored treatment selection,and improved prognostication.Continued research and collaboration among clinicians,researchers,and technologists are essential for overcoming challenges and realizing the full potential of machine learning in stroke care,ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes and quality of life.This review aims to summarize all the current implications of machine learning in stroke diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic evaluation.At the same time,another purpose of this paper is to explore all the future perspectives these techniques can provide in combating this disabling disease.

关键词： cerebrovascular disease deep learning machine learning reinforcement learning stroke stroke therapy supervised learning unsupervised learning

COVID-19 pandemic amplified mortality rates among adolescents with bipolar disorder through family-related factors

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1929-1935页

作者： Zhuo-Fan Ye Yi-Han Hong Jian-Lin Yang Meng-Qing Tan Ju-Min Xie Zu-Cai Xu Department of Neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000Guizhou ProvinceChina Hubei Key Laboratory of Renal disease Occurrence and Intervention Medical SchoolHubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi 435003Hubei ProvinceChina Psychological Children's ward Mental Health Center of HuangshiHuangshi 435111Hubei ProvinceChina The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Recently,a growing number of adolescents have been afflicted with mental disorders,with annual morbidity rates on the rise.This trend has been exacerbated by the global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,leading to a surge in suicide and self-harm rates among this demographic.AIM To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent bipolar disorder(BD),along with the underlying factors contributing to heightened rates of suicide and self-harm among adolescents.METHODS A comprehensive statistical analysis was conducted utilizing clinical interviews and self-reports obtained from patients or their guardians.Diagnostic criteria for BDs were based on the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders,international classification of diseases-11,and the National institute of mental health research domain criteria.Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 software,with significance set at P2018,and December 31,2022,was included in the analysis.The gender distribution was 2.8:1(female to male),with ages ranging from 11 to 18 years old.Major factors contributing to adolescent BDs included familial influences,academic stress,genetic predisposition and exposure to school-related violence.Notably,a significant increase in suicide attempts and self-harm incidents was observed among adolescents with BD during the COVID-19 pandemic.Statistical analysis indicated that the pandemic exacerbated familial discord and heightened academic stress,thereby amplifying the prevalence of suicidal behavior and self-harm among adolescents.CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated familial tensions and intensified the incidence of suicide and self-harm among adolescents diagnosed with BD.This study underscores the urgent need for societal,familial and educational support systems to prioritize the well-being of adolescents and offers valuable insights and guidelines for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of ad

关键词： Adolescents Bipolar disorder COVID-19 Suicide Self-harm

Effect of cardiac rehabilitation care after coronary intervention on cardiac function recovery and negative mood in patients with myocardial infarction

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 59-67页

作者： Ming Yang Yuan-Tao Huang Xi-Wen Hu Chun-Ling Wu Division of Cardiovascular First ward Departments of Internal MedicineLiyuan HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina Division of Cardiovascular First ward Departments of Internal MedicineJianli People's HospitalJianli 433300Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine People's Hospital of Dongxihu DistrictWuhan 430040Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease,particularly myocardial infarction(MI)profound impact on patients'quality of life and places a substantial burden on the healthcare and economy systems.Developments in medical technology have led to the emer-gence of coronary intervention as an essential method for treating MI.AIM To assess the effects of cardiac rehabilitation care on cardiac function recovery and negative emotions in MI after coronary intervention.METHODS This study included a total of 180 patients with MI during the period from June 2022 to July 2023.Selected patients were divided into two groups:An observation group,which receiving cardiac rehabilitation care;a control group,which re-ceiving conventional care.By comparing multiple observation indicators such as cardiac function indicators,blood pressure,exercise tolerance,occurrence of adverse cardiac events,and negative emotion scores between the two groups of patients.All the data were analyzed and compared between two groups.RESULTS There were 44 males and 46 females in the observation group with an average age of 36.26±9.88 yr;there were 43 males and 47 females in the control group,with an average age of 40.87±10.5 yr.After receiving the appropriate postoperative nursing measures,the results of the observation group showed significant improvement in several indicators compared with the control group.Indicators of cardiac function,such as left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly better in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).Exercise endurance assessment showed that the 6-minute walking test distance was significantly increased in the patients of the observation group(P<0.01).In addition,the incidence of adverse cardiac events was significantly lower in the observation group,and negative mood scores were significantly reduced(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Cardiac rehabilitation care after coronary intervention has a significant positive impact on functional recovery.This emphasizes t

关键词： Myocardial infarction Coronary artery intervention Cardiac rehabilitation Cardiac function recovery Negative emotions

Infantile Spinal Muscular Atrophy at the Albert Royer National Children217;s Hospital Center in Dakar

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 514-521页

作者： Guillaye Diagne Khadim Bop Sofiatou Dieye Arame Faye Fatou Ly Amadou Lamine Fall Pediatrics ward of Pikine Hospital Pikine Senegal P&#233 diatrics Ward of Albert Royer National Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Infantile spinal muscular atrophy (ISA) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by primary degeneration of cells in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and hypotonia. Its incidence is estimated at 1 in 6000 births worldwide. In Africa, particularly in Senegal, there are few studies interested on this pathology. We therefore deemed this study necessary, which set itself the objective of describing the diagnostic, therapeutic and progressive aspects of infantile spinal muscular atrophy at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Center in Dakar (CHNEAR). Methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study over a period of two (2) years from December 2020 to December 2022. Included were all hospitalized patients in whom the diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy was made with or without genetic confirmation. The data were collected on a pre-established form then entered and analyzed with the following software: Excel 2013 and R version 4.1.3. Results: During our study period, 2100 children were hospitalized, the annual incidence was 0.76%. The average age of our patients was 9 ± 9 months with a range of 3 months to 32 months and the median was 6.5 months. The sex ratio was 7. The notion of family consanguinity was found in 62.5% of cases and the notion of ISA in the family in 25% of cases. Hypotonia and respiratory distress were found at the forefront in equal proportions (50% of cases). Electromyogram (EMG) was performed in 3 patients (37.5%). Symptomatic medical treatment was administered in 100% of patients, 04 patients had benefited from respiratory physiotherapy, i.e. 50% of cases, and genetic counseling was carried out in one patient (12.5%). The evolution was immediately favorable in 2 patients or 25% of cases, unfavorable in 75% of cases with a death rate of 50% and the average age of death was 5.5 months ± 1 with extremes ranging from 3 to 7 months. Conclusion: The number of Infantile spinal muscular atrophy cases remains low in hospitals in Dakar. Diag

关键词： Spinal Muscular Atrophy Child Hypotonia Dakar

Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis: About 9 Cases

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 320-326页

作者： Kaoutar Danaoui Houda Nassih Khadija Oujennane Rabiy El Qadiry Aicha Bourrahouat Said Amal Imane Ait Sab B Pediatric ward Mohammed VI University Hospital Center Marrakesh Morocco Dermatology ward Mohammed VI University Hospital Center Marrakesh Morocco

Scleroderma is a rare disease with two primary forms: localized scleroderma (LS) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). Both are chronic conditions that can manifest in various patterns (subtypes) and are linked to extracutaneous involvement in pediatric patients. Juvenile SSc poses a higher risk of morbidity and mortality, with patients facing life-threatening complications such as lung, heart, and visceral organ fibrosis, and vasculopathy. In contrast, mortality is extremely rare in juvenile LS, but patients are susceptible to significant morbidity, leading to severe disfigurement and functional impairment. Treatment for scleroderma aims to control inflammation and address specific issues. An early diagnosis significantly enhances the overall outcome. This study conducts a retrospective descriptive analysis aiming to document the clinical manifestations, management approaches, and outcomes of systemic sclerosis in a cohort of nine children receiving treatment for juvenile systemic sclerosis at Pediatric B department of Mohammed VI University, Hospital Center in Marrakech, Morocco.

关键词： Scleroderma Systemic Sclerosis Children Pediatric

Effect of early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation on function and quality of life in sepsis patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 729-736页

作者： Ming-Hui Zheng Wen-Jun Liu Juan Yang Division of Cardiovascular First ward Departments of Internal Medicine Liyuan HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Respiratory Medicine PuRen Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology/Respiratory MedicineWuhan 430000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Cardiology Huanggang Central HospitalHuanggang 438000Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Sepsis,as a non-limiting host infection disease,can be accompanied by serious complications such as organ failure,which seriously threatens patient quality of life.AIM To investigate the effect of early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in patients evacuated from mechanical ventilation with sepsis.METHODS A total of 80 patients with sepsis who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected and divided into the observation group(n=40)and the control group(n=40)according to the random number table method.The observation group was treated with early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation,and the control group was treated with a conventional treatment regimen.Cardiac function indexes(central venous pressure,cardiac troponin I,B-type brain natriuretic peptide),lung function indicators(diaphragmatic mobility,changes in central venous oxygen saturation,oxygenation index),and quality of life(Quality of Life Evaluation Scale)were compared between the two groups after treatment.RESULTS After treatment,the central venous pressure,diaphragm mobility,central venous oxygen saturation,oxygenation index,and Quality of Life Evaluation Scale scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The observation group was less than that of the control group for other parameters,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation can effectively enhance cardiac and pulmonary function and improve the quality of life in patients evacuated from mechanical ventilation with sepsis.

关键词： Stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation Sepsis Evacuation of mechanical ventilation Cardiopulmonary function Quality of life

Application of artificial intelligence in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第5期137卷 559-561页

作者： Jingli Du Yue Su Juan Qiao Shang Gao Enjun Dong Ruilan Wang Yanhui Nie Jing Ji Zhendong Wang Jianqin Liang Wenping Gong Tuberculosis Control Team Senior Department of TuberculosisThe Eighth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100091China Department of Computer Science and Technology College of Management Science and EngineeringCapital University of Economics and BusinessBeijing 100071China The Second ward of Tuberculosis Department Senior Department of TuberculosisThe Eighth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100091China Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Senior Department of TuberculosisThe Eighth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100091China

Tuberculosis(TB)is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Although the diagnostic technology of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)has advanced,accurate and differential diagnoses of PTB are still challenging.In recent years,the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)and its wide application in the medical field have provided new opportunities for diagnosing and treating TB and PTB.The machine learning model of AI has not only helped physicians improve diagnostic accuracy,but also enabled them to make early preventive diagnoses for individuals at increased risk of infection.Furthermore,AI can guide physicians to formulate targeted treatment strategies for PTB patients with different conditions.

关键词： tuberculosis diagnosis artificial

Distribution of elements extracted from symptom patterns and characteristics of polysomnograph of common symptom patterns of insomnia with Traditional Chinese Medicine

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第5期36卷 649-653页

作者： Cui Yinglin Zheng Weifeng Xu Li Meng Yi Wang Yuqin Chang Xuehui brain disease ward 2 Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Medical Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the distribution and combined regulation of elements of symptom patterns in the diagnosis of insomnia with Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).METHODS: The samples were collected from the patients, diagnosed with insomnia, of Henan Province Hospital of TCM between June 2011 and September 2013. The symptom patterns in insomnia were extracted. Next, symptom differentiation,characteristics of polysomnography(PSG), distribution and combined regulation of these symptom patterns were conducted by tests.RESULTS: In total, 286 eligible patients were recruited. The main locations of the disease symptom elements were the brain and heart, and the main characteristics of the disease symptom elements were phlegm-heat, Yin-deficiency and Qi-stagnation. The elements from two or three symptom patterns were commonly manifested in patients with insomnia, especially from three symptom patterns. We also found that all TCM symptom patterns had an effect on polysomnographic indicators in PSG tests.CONCLUSION: The elements of symptom patterns in insomnia were identified as mainly fire-heat and phlegm-heat. The most common patterns of excess were pathogenic fire derived from stagnation of liver-Qi, and mental disturbance due to phlegm-heat,while the most common patterns of deficiency in both the heart and the spleen. There are many differences in PSG indicators of different syndrome patterns of insomnia.

关键词： Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders Symptom elements Polysomnogram Polysomnography

Impact of continuous care on cardiac function in patients with lung cancer complicated by coronary heart disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 314-321页

作者： Ting Gao Jin-Lan Luo Pan Guo Xi-Wen Hu Xiao-Yan Wei Yan Hu Division of Cardiovascular First ward Department of Internal MedicineLiyuan HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Wuhan Wuchang HospitalWuhan 430063Hubei ProvinceChina Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center Liyuan HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Second Thoracic Surgery Hubei Cancer HospitalWuhan 430079Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Despite sharing similar pathogenic factors,cancer and coronary heart disease(CHD)occur in comparable populations at similar ages and possess similar susceptibility factors.Consequently,it is increasingly commonplace for patients to experience the simultaneous occurrence of cancer and CHD,a trend that is steadily rising.AIM To determine the impacts of continuing care on lung cancer patients with CHD following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).METHODS There were 94 lung cancer patients with CHD following PCI who were randomly assigned to the intervention group(n=38)and the control group(n=41).In the intervention group,continuing care was provided,while in the control group,routine care was provided.An evaluation of cardiac and pulmonary function,medication compliance,a 6-min walk test,and patient quality of life was performed.RESULTS Differences between the two groups were significant in left ventricular ejection fraction,6-min walk test,oxygen uptake,quality of life and medication compliance(P<0.05).In comparison with the control group,the enhancement in the intervention group was more significant.The intervention group had more patients with high medication compliance than the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION After undergoing PCI,lung patients with CHD could benefit from continued care in terms of cardiac and pulmonary function,medications compliance,and quality of life.

关键词： Lung cancer Continuing care Coronary heart disease Percutaneous coronary intervention