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Implications of Olig2 silencing in oligodendrocyte precursor cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2649-2650页

作者： Li-Pao Fang Xianshu Bai molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular MedicineUniversity of SaarlandHomburgGermany

Oligodendrocytes(OLs)are the only myelinforming cells in the central nervous system.Their differentiation from OL precursor cells(OPCs)occurs throughout life and is mediated by numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors.OL transcription factor 2(Olig2),a basic helix-loophelix transcription factor,is one of the intrinsic factors that specify the OL lineage.It is expressed by both OPCs and OLs,and no variant of Olig2 has yet been identified in rodents.Although the function of Olig2 in OL maturation and myelination is still under debate.

关键词： Olig2 myelin cytes

A pancreatic player in dementia:pathological role for islet amyloid polypeptide accumulation in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第10期18卷 2141-2146页

作者： Angelina S.Bortoletto Ronald J.Parchem center for Cell and Gene Therapy Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine CenterDepartment of NeuroscienceDepartment of Molecular and Cellular BiologyTranslational Biology and Molecular Medicine ProgramMedical Scientist Training ProgramBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have a markedly higher risk of developing dementia.While multiple factors contribute to this predisposition,one of these involves the increased secretion of amylin,or islet amyloid polypeptide,that accompanies the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Islet amyloid polypeptide accumulation has undoubtedly been implicated in various forms of dementia,including Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia,but the exact mechanisms underlying islet amyloid polypeptide’s causative role in dementia are unclear.In this review,we have summarized the literature supporting the various mechanisms by which islet amyloid polypeptide accumulation may cause neuronal damage,ultimately leading to the clinical symptoms of dementia.We discuss the evidence for islet amyloid polypeptide deposition in the brain,islet amyloid polypeptide interaction with other amyloids implicated in neurodegeneration,neuroinflammation caused by islet amyloid polypeptide deposition,vascular damage induced by islet amyloid polypeptide accumulation,and islet amyloid polypeptide-induced cytotoxicity.There are very few therapies approved for the treatment of dementia,and of these,clinical responses have been controversial at best.Therefore,investigating new,targetable pathways is vital for identifying novel therapeutic strategies for treating dementia.As such,we conclude this review by discussing islet amyloid polypeptide accumulation as a potential therapeutic target not only in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus but as a future target in treating or even preventing dementia associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amylin amyloid dementia diabetes human islet amyloid polypeptide islet amyloid polypeptide protofibrils type 2 diabetes mellitus vascular dementia

Progenies of NG2 glia: what do we learn from transgenic mouse models ?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 43-48页

作者： Qilin Guo Anja Scheller Wenhui Huang molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine(CIPMM)University of SaarlandHomburgGermany

In the mammalian central nervous system,nerve-glia antigen 2(NG2)glia are considered the fourth glial population in addition to astrocytes,oligodendrocytes and microglia.The fate of NG2 glia in vivo has been carefully studied in several transgenic mouse models using the Cre/loxP strategy.There is a clear agreement that NG2 glia mainly serve as progenitors for oligodendrocytes and a subpopulation of astrocytes mainly in the ventral forebrain,whereas the existence of a neurogenic potential of NG2 glia is lack of adequate evidence.This mini review summarizes the findings from recent studies regarding the fate of NG2 glia during development.We will highlight the age-and-region-dependent heterogeneity of the NG2 glia differentiation potential.We will also discuss putative reasons for inconsistent findings in various transgenic mouse lines of previous studies.

关键词： astrogliogenesis cell fate Cre/loxP system development differentiation embryonic brain neurogenesis NG2 glia oligodendrocyte lineage oligodendrocyte precursor cells

Oligodendroglial GABAergic Signaling:More Than Inhibition!

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第7期37卷 1039-1050页

作者： Xianshu Bai Frank Kirchhoff Anja Scheller molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine(CIPMM)University of Saarland66421 HomburgGermany

GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS acting at two distinct types of receptor:ligand-gated ionotropic GABAA receptors and G protein-coupled metabotropic GABAB receptors,thus mediating fast and slow inhibition of excitability at central synapses.GABAergic signal transmission has been intensively studied in neurons in contrast to oligodendrocytes and their precursors(OPCs),although the latter express both types of GABA receptor.Recent studies focusing on interneuron myelination and interneuron-OPC synapses have shed light on the importance of GABA signaling in the oligodendrocyte lineage.In this review,we start with a short summary on GABA itself and neuronal GABAergic signaling.Then,we elaborate on the physiological role of GABA receptors within the oligodendrocyte lineage and conclude with a description of these receptors as putative targets in treatments of CNS diseases.

关键词： GABA GABAA receptor GABAB receptor OPC Oligodendrocyte lineage

Potential impact of COVID-19 pandemic on endometriosis

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生殖与发育医学（英文） 2022年第3期06卷 138-143页

作者： Chen-Yang Huang Hai-Xiang Sun Jie Mei China center for molecular Reproductive medicine Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China210008

The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on endometriosis (EM) is currently unclear. Here, we aimed to describe the potential influence of COVID-19 on the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, and treatment of EM. The cytokine storm caused by COVID-19 may induce the occurrence and progression of EM, and immunosuppression of COVID-19 may help the ectopic endometrium escape from immune clearance. Consequently, the forced social isolation and the cancelation of non-emergency medical treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic aggravate anxiety and psychological pressure, which can aggravate the symptoms related to EM and delay routine medical services.

关键词： COVID-19 Endometriosis Pathogenesis Pelvic pain Infertility

Bioorthogonal chemistry based on-demand drug delivery system in cancer therapy

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 483-489页

作者： Lan Lin Lai Jiang En Ren Gang Liu State Key Laboratory of molecular Vaccinology and molecular Diagnostics&center for molecular Imaging and Translational medicine School of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

Benefiting from the advantage of taking place in biological environments without interfering with an innate biochemical process,the bioorthogonal reaction that commonly contains the“bond formation”and“bond cleavage”system has been widely used in targeted therapy for a variety of tumors.Herein,several prominent cases based on the bioorthogonal reaction that tailoring the metabolic glycoengineering tactics to modified cells for cancer immunotherapy,and the innovative tactics for reducing the metal ions’toxic and side effects with microneedle patches will be highlighted.Based on these applications,the complexities,potential pitfalls,and opportunities of bioorthogonal chemistry in future cancer therapy will be evaluated.

关键词： bioorthogonal reaction cancer therapy metabolic glycoengineering bioorthogonal catalytic patch

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肿瘤抗原自递呈纳米疫苗

Science Bulletin 2022年第16期67卷 1611-1613页

作者：梁小流程红伟刘超刘刚 State Key Laboratory of molecular Vaccinology and molecular Diagnostics&center for molecular Imaging and Translational medicine School of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

Cancer immunotherapy has made breakthroughs in clinical application and has become the fourth most prevalent tumor treatment method after surgical resection,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy.It mainly enhances the anti-tumor immunity of the tumor microenvironment by stimulating or mobilizing the immune system to control and kill tumor cells[1].T lymphocytes are an important component of the body’s immune system,which indirectly or directly affects the occurrence and development of tumors,and emerging advances in T lymphocyte-based tumor immunotherapy also attract much more attention.It is a common knowledge that the activation,proliferation,and differentiation of antigen-specific lymphocytes are the key to the successful establishment of anti-tumor immunity,and this process largely depends on the interaction between T cells and antigen-presenting cells(APCs)[1].Activation of CD8+cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs)has proved to be an important role in cancer immunotherapy.Tumor antigens are presented to T cells through major histocompatibility complex class I(MHC-I)molecules on the surface of APCs,thereby stimulating the activation and proliferation of CD8+T cells,and finally producing a strong,sustained,and effective CTL response[2].Therefore,fully mobilizing the function of T lymphocytes is essential for tumor immunotherapy.

关键词： immunity lymphocytes sustained

Advanced radionuclides in diagnosis and therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第7期33卷 3371-3383页

作者： Hu Chen Minglei Teng Hongrui Zhang Xiaoliu Liang Hongwei Cheng Gang Liu State Key Laboratory of molecular Vaccinology and molecular Diagnostics Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational MedicineSchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver,but early diagnosis and effective treatment are still difficult.With the development of radionuclide applications in medicine,nuclear medicine is playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.Radionuclide-based positron emission tomography-computed tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography molecular imaging are indispensable for assessing progression,staging,differentiation,preoperative planning,postoperative prediction,and evaluation of HCC in clinical applications.Moreover,radionuclide-based endoradiotherapy provides an objective therapeutic strategy for patients with unresectable advanced HCC.This review highlights the application and development of radionuclides in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.More efforts are warranted for the development of advanced radionuclides to make significant contributions in the treatment of HCC.

关键词： Radionuclide Hepatocellular carcinoma Diagnostic imaging Endoradiotherapy Precise medicine

Pathological and therapeutic interactions between bacteriophages,microbes and the host in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第40期21卷 11321-11330页

作者： Janka Babickova Roman Gardlik Institute of molecular Biomedicine Faculty of MedicineComenius University center for molecular medicine Slovak Academy of Sciences

The intestinal microbiome is a dynamic system of interactions between the host and its microbes. Under physiological conditions,a fine balance and mutually beneficial relationship is present. Disruption of this balance is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). Whether an altered microbiome is the consequence or the cause of IBD is currently not fully understood. The pathogenesis of IBD is believed to be a complex interaction between genetic predisposition,the immune system and environmental factors. In the recent years,metagenomic studies of the human microbiome have provided useful data that are helping to assemble the IBD puzzle. In this review,we summarize and discuss current knowledge on the composition of the intestinal microbiota in IBD,hostmicrobe interactions and therapeutic possibilities using bacteria in IBD. Moreover,an outlook on the possible contribution of bacteriophages in the pathogenesis and therapy of IBD is provided.

关键词： Microbiota Inflammatory bowel disease Gut Bacterio