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Deer antler stem cell niche: An interesting perspective

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 479-485页

作者： Claudia Cavallini Elena Olivi Riccardo Tassinari Chiara Zannini Gregorio Ragazzini Martina Marcuzzi Valentina Taglioli Carlo Ventura National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems-Eldor LabBologna 40128Italy Eldor Lab Bologna 40128Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences(DIMEC) University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

In recent years,there has been considerable exploration into methods aimed at enhancing the regenerative capacity of transplanted and/or tissue-resident ***,in particular,have garnered significant interest for their potential to serve as natural scaffolds for *** this editorial,we provide commentary on the study by Wang et al,in a recently published issue of World J Stem Cells,which investigates the use of a decellularized xenogeneic extracellular matrix(ECM)derived from antler stem cells for repairing osteochondral defects in rat knee *** focus lies specifically on the crucial role of biological scaffolds as a strategy for augmenting stem cell potential and regenerative capabilities,thanks to the establishment of a favorable microenvironment(niche).Stem cell differen-tiation heavily depends on exposure to intrinsic properties of the ECM,including its chemical and protein composition,as well as the mechanical forces it can ***,these physicochemical cues contribute to a bio-instructive signaling environment that offers tissue-specific guidance for achieving effective repair and *** interest in mechanobiology,often conceptualized as a form of“structural memory”,is steadily gaining more validation and momen-tum,especially in light of findings such as these.

关键词： Extracellular matrix Antler stem cells Stem cell niche Regenerative medicine Decellularized scaffolds Cell memory

On the optimisation of age of the air in the breathing zone of floor heating systems:The role of ventilation design

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第1期5卷 130-142页

作者： Aminhossein Jahanbin Giovanni Semprini Department of Industrial Engineering(DIN) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaViale Risorgimento 240136 BolognaItaly CIRI-Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Edilizia e Costruzioni Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaVia del Lazzaretto 15/540131 BolognaItaly

For a mechanically ventilated space,the nominal age of the air can be obtained by the reciprocal of the air change ***,values of the local mean age of the air in practice may differ to some extent from the nominal one since the nominal time constant employs as reference the theoretical optimum *** discrepancy could become more prominent in spaces conditioning with both ventilation and heating system where the indoor air pattern is affected by turbulent mixed convection *** importance of knowledge on the distribution of age of the air in these spaces,the present study provides insights on how ventilation design in floor heating systems can optimise the delivery of fresh air into the breathing *** this context,by establishing a computational fluid dynamic(CFD)model validated against experimental data,the local mean age of the air as well as the indoor air quality(IAQ)indices in the breathing zone of the floor heating system are examined under different ventilation *** different ventilation scenarios are regarded in order to find the optimal ventilation design in terms of the delivery of the fresh air and ventilation effectiveness in occupied ***,the integrated effects of the floor temperature and inlet supply temperature along with the ventilation design on the distribution of local age of the air are *** obtained results indicate that the up-supply ventilation strategy is more efficient than down-supply one in the ventilation effectiveness and delivery of fresh air into the breathing ***,it is shown that the mean age of the air in the breathing zone of the up-supply ventilation increases with increment of the Ri(Richardson number),whereas an increase in Ri improves the delivery of fresh air in down-supply *** a given floor temperature,the similar trend is also observed in the variation of age of the air with the characteristic temperature of supply inlet,namely the temperature difference between

关键词： Age of the air Indoor air quality Ventilation Floor heating CFD

An Optimization Model for Reliability Improvement and Cost Reduction Through EV Smart Charging

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 608-620页

作者： Jinping Zhao Ali Arefi Alberto Borghetti Gerard Ledwich School of Engineering and Energy Murdoch UniversityPerthAustralia Department of Electrical Electronicand Information EngineeringUniversity of BolognaBologna40126Italy School of Electrical Engineering and Robotics Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia

There is a general concern that the increasing penetration of electric vehicles(EVs)will result in higher aging failure probability of equipment and reduced network *** electricity costs may also increase,due to the exacerbation of peak load led by uncontrolled EV *** paper proposes a linear optimization model for the assessment of the benefits of EV smart charging on both network reliability improvement and electricity cost *** objective of the proposed model is the cost minimization,including the loss of load,repair costs due to aging failures,and EV charging *** proposed model incorporates a piecewise linear model representation for the failure probability distributions and utilizes a machine learning approach to represent the EV charging *** two different test systems(a 5-bus network and the IEEE 33-bus network),this paper compares aging failure probabilities,service unavailability,expected energy not supplied,and total costs in various scenarios with and without the implementation of EV smart charging.

关键词： Aging failure electric vehicle(EV) EV charging power system reliability expected energy not supplied distribution network.

Use of bio-based products towards more sustainable road paving binders: A state-of-the-art review

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第2期4卷 151-162页

作者： Alessio Musco Giulia Tarsi Piergiorgio Tataranni Ernesto Salzano Cesare Sangiorgi Department of Civil ChemicalEnvironmental and Materials Engineering(DICAM)Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaBologna 40131Italy

Many industrial sectors exploit fossil sources to develop useful and necessary materials for our needs,such as bituminous paving ***,a key component of asphalt mixtures,is derived from oil refining and its properties are influenced by the crude oil source and refining process,resulting in a significant carbon *** growing awareness of resource depletion and environmental concerns,pavement researchers are exploring sustainable alternatives to reduce dependence on fossil *** includes a rising trend in using renewable materials like biomasses to produce bio-based binders as substitutes for bitumen,aiming for a more sustainable ***,including vegetal and animal wastes,and waste cooking oils,as substitutes for crude oil in the production of *** thermochemical conversion(TCC),such as pyrolysis,biomasses can be converted into bio-char and bio-oils,which can replace fossil-based components in *** have utilized these bio-products to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels in ***,there are no set minimum requirements for bio-components in bio-based *** the percentage of replaced bitumen increases,various types of binders are produced,including modified bitumen,extended bitumen,and alternative binders,where the fossil replacement is *** rheological tests on bio-binders,reveal that those containing biochar exhibit increased viscosity,stiffness,rutting resistance,and sometimes antioxidant ***,bio-binders with bio-oils as bitumen substitutes show poorer performance at high temperatures but improved behavior at low *** results suggest that bio-binders could provide versatile solutions for various climatic and loading conditions in road ***,the development of pavement mixtures based on bio-binders has not been studied in depth and requires further attention to unlock its full *** sustainability considerations,includin

关键词： Biomass Chemical process Bitumen replacement Bio-binder Paving material

Prevention of hepatitis B reactivation in patients with hematologic malignancies treated with novel systemic therapies:Who and Why?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 509-511页

作者： Matteo Tonnini Clara Solera Horna Luca Ielasi Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy Division of Internal Medicine Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic DiseasesIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy Infectious Disease Unit Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio EmiliaReggio Emilia 42123Italy Department of Internal Medicine Ospedale degli Infermi di FaenzaFaenza 48018Italy

The risk of reactivation in patients with chronic or past/resolved hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressive drugs is a wellknown *** indication of antiviral prophylaxis with nucleo(t)side analogue is given according to the risk of HBV reactivation of the prescribed *** the advent of new drugs is occurring in all the field of medicine,in the setting of hematologic malignancies the last few years have been characterized by several drug classes and innovative cellular *** novel therapies,there are few data about the rate of HBV reactivation and the decision of starting or not an antiviral prophylaxis could be ***,patients are often treated with a combination of different drugs,so evaluating the actual role of these new therapies in increasing the risk of HBV reactivation is *** results are now available,but further studies are still *** with chronic HBV infection[hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)positive]are reasonably all ***/resolved HBV patients(HBsAg negative)are the actual area of uncertainty where it could be difficult choosing between prophylaxis and pre-emptive strategy.

关键词： Hepatitis B reactivation Hepatitis B virus Antiviral prophylaxis Hematologic malignancies Chimeric antigens receptor-T cell therapy Immune checkpoint inhibitors

Distributed Energy and Reserve Scheduling in Local Energy Communities Using L-BFGS Optimization

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 942-952页

作者： Mohammad Dolatabadi Alireza Zakariazadeh Alberto Borghetti Pierluigi Siano Department of Management&Innovation Systems University of SalernoSalernoItaly Department of Electrical Electronicand Information EngineeringUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly univ.rsity of Science and Technology of Mazandaran BehshahrIran Department of Power Systems National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA BucharestBucharestRomania IEEE

Encouraging citizens to invest in small-scale renewable resources is crucial for transitioning towards a sustainable and clean energy *** energy communities(LECs)are expected to play a vital role in this ***,energy scheduling in LECs presents various challenges,including the preservation of customer privacy,adherence to distribution network constraints,and the management of computational *** paper introduces a novel approach for energy scheduling in renewable-based LECs using a decentralized optimization *** proposed approach uses the Limitedmemory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno(L-BFGS)method,significantly reducing the computational effort required for solving the mixed integer programming(MIP)*** incorporates network constraints,evaluates energy losses,and enables community participants to provide ancillary services like a regulation reserve to the grid *** assess its robustness and efficiency,the proposed approach is tested on an 84-bus radial distribution *** indicate that the proposed distributed approach not only matches the accuracy of the corresponding centralized model but also exhibits scalability and preserves participant privacy.

关键词： Distributed optimization flexibility services L-BFGS method local energy community renewables reserve

Single-cell pan-omics, environmental neurology, and artificial intelligence:the time for holistic brain health research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1703-1704页

作者： Paolo Abondio Francesco Bruno IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di bologna BolognaItaly Association for Neurogenetic Research(ARN) Lamezia TermeCatanzaroItaly

The brain,with its trillions of neural connections,different cellular types,and molecular complexities,presents a formidable challenge for researchers aiming to comprehend the multifaceted nature of neural *** traditional methods have provided valuable insights,emerging technologies offer unprecedented opportunities to delve deeper into the underpinnings of brain *** the everevolving landscape of neuroscience,the quest to unravel the mysteries of the human brain is bound to take a leap forward thanks to new technological improvements and bold interpretative frameworks.

关键词： function artificial landscape

Pain in chronic pancreatitis:What can we do today?

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 30-39页

作者： Margherita Binetti Valeria Tonini Department of Medical and Surgical Science University of BolognaAlma mater StudiorumBologna 40138Italy

The aim of this study is to illustrate the complexity of pain management in chronic pancreatitis(CP).In this context,pain represents the most common and debilitating symptom,and it deeply affects patient’s quality of *** rating scales(unidimensional,bidimensional and multidimensional)have been proposed to quantify CP ***,it represents the result of complex mechanisms,involving genetic,neuropathic and neurogenic *** all these aspects,the treatment should be discussed in a multidisciplinary setting and it should be approached in a stepwise ***,a lifestyle change is recommended and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs represent the gold standard among medical treatments for CP *** second step,after medical approach,is endoscopic therapy,especially for complicated *** case of failure,tailored surgery represents the third step and decompressive or resection procedures can be *** conclusion,CP pain’s management is challenging considering all these complex aspects and the lack of international protocols.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Pain Multifactorial mechanism Stepwise approach Endoscopic treatment Early surgery

Local recurrence rate as quality indicator in surgery for pancreatic cancer?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 548-550页

作者： Carlo Alberto Pacilio Alessandro Cucchetti Giorgio Ercolani General and Oncologic Surgery Unit Morgagni-Pierantoni HospitalAUSL RomagnaVia Carlo Forlanini 3447121ForlìItaly Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of BolognaVia Massarenti 940138BolognaItaly

To the Editor: As we all know, even with the current advancements regarding novel chemotherapy regimens, patients affected by pancreatic cancer(PC) have an extremely dismal prognosis(5-year survival rate 12% for all stages in the National Cancer Institute SEER database). Among the patients undergoing surgical treatment, the prognosis is mostly affected by recurrence. PC after surgery has mainly four patterns of recurrence, isolated or variously associated with each other: local, lymph nodal, peritoneal or distant(liver, lung, other sites).

关键词： surgery prognosis cancer