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A Magnetic-Driven Multi-motion Robot with Position/Orientation Sensing Capability

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 675-685页

作者： Liwen Zhang Song Zhao Xinzhao Zhou Xueshan Jing Yu Zhou Yan Wang Yantong Zhu Xiaolin Liu Zehui Zhao Deyuan Zhang Lin Feng Huawei Chen School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Advanced innovation center for biomedical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijingChina

Miniature magnetic-driven robots with multimode motions and high-precision pose sensing capacity(position and orientation)are greatly demanded in in situ manipulation in narrow opaque enclosed *** magnetic robots have been carried out,whereas their deformations normally remain in single mode,and the lack of the robot’s real-time status leads to its beyond-sight remagnetization and manipulation being *** function integration of pose sensing and multimode motion is still of ***,a multimotion thin-film robot is created in a novel multilayer structure with a magneticdriven layer covered by a heating-sensing conductive *** a heating-sensing layer not only can segmentally and on-demand heat the magnetic-driven layer for in situ magnetization reprogramming and multimode motions but also can precisely detect the robot’s pose(position and orientation)from its electrical-resistance effect by creating a small deformation under preset magnetic fields.

关键词： robot Robot motion

Stereoselective synthesis of substituted 1,3-dienes from propargylic esters: electrophilic-metal or redox catalysis?

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1384-1396页

作者： Mengfu Dai Liangliang Song Liang-An Chen Jiangsu Collaborative innovation center of biomedical Functional Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power BatteriesSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Co-innovation center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsCollege of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

1,3-Diene architectures are not only widely present in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and functional organic materials but also serve as versatile building blocks to furnish important functionalized molecules in synthetic chemistry due to conjugated repeating C=C units. Accordingly, various strategies to access substituted 1,3-dienes in a stereoselective manner have been developed. However, chemo-, regio-and stereoselective synthesis of highly substituted 1,3-dienes still remains elusive and challenging. Readily available propargylic esters have emerged as an appealing class of synthetic intermediates for accessing functionalized 1,3-dienes, especially challenging tri-or tetrasubstituted variants, via transition-metal catalysis, including electrophilic metal and redox neutral catalysis. This review, for the first time, systematically highlights recent advances in transitionmetal catalyzed synthesis of substituted 1,3-dienes from propargylic esters, discusses the mechanisms and synthetic utilities, and gives the remaining challenges and potential opportunities in this field.

关键词： 1 3-diene propargylic ester Lewis acid redox catalysis transition metal

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Distinct SARS-CoV-2 populational immune backgrounds tolerate divergent RBD evolutionary preferences

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 95-105页

作者： Wentai Ma Haoyi Fu Fanchong Jian Yunlong Cao Mingkun Li Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciencesand China National Center for Bioinformation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences biomedical Pioneering innovation center(BIOPIC) Peking University Changping Laboratory

Immune evasion is a pivotal force shaping the evolution of viruses. Nonetheless, the extent to which virus evolution varies among populations with diverse immune backgrounds remains an unsolved mystery. Prior to the widespread SARS-CoV-2 infections in December 2022 and January 2023, the Chinese population possessed a markedly distinct(less potent) immune background due to its low infection rate, compared to countries experiencing multiple infection waves, presenting an unprecedented opportunity to investigate how the virus has evolved under different immune contexts. We compared the mutation spectrum and functional potential of the newly derived mutations that occurred in BA.5.2.48, BF.7.14 and BA.5.2.49—variants prevalent in China—with their counterparts in other countries. We found that the emerging mutations in the receptor-binding-domain region in these lineages were more widely dispersed and evenly distributed across different epitopes. These mutations led to a higher angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2) binding affinity and reduced potential for immune evasion compared to their counterparts in other countries. These findings suggest a milder immune pressure and less evident immune imprinting within the Chinese population. Despite the emergence of numerous immune-evading variants in China, none of them outcompeted the original strain until the arrival of the XBB variant, which had stronger immune evasion and subsequently outcompeted all circulating variants. Our findings demonstrated that the continuously changing immune background led to varying evolutionary pressures on SARS-CoV-2. Thus, in addition to viral genome surveillance, immune background surveillance is also imperative for predicting forthcoming mutations and understanding how these variants spread in the population.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 evolution mutation population immunity

Rationally designed synthetic peptide as versatile calibrant to improve the accuracy of protein sequence analysis using MALDI mass spectrometry

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 214-220页

作者： Lingpeng Zhan Yanyi Huang Guanbo Wang Institute for Cell Analysis Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132China biomedical Pioneering innovation center Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization(MALDI)mass spectrometry(MS)plays an indispensable role in analyzing protein covalent *** reliable identification of amino acid residues and modifications relies on the mass accuracy,which is highly dependent on ***,the accuracy provided by the currently available calibrants still needs further improvement in terms of compatibility with multiple tandem MS modes or ion polarity modes,calibratable range,and minimizing suppression of and interference with analyte *** aiming at developing a versatile calibrant to solve these problem,we designed a synthetic peptide format of calibrant R_x(GDP_n)_m(referred to as“Gly-Asp-Pro,GDP”)according to the chemical natures of amino acids and polypeptide fragmentation rules in tandem *** four types of amino acid residues selected and arranged through rational designs,a GDP peptide produces highly regulated fragments that give rise to evenly spaced signals in each tandem MS mode and is compatible with both positive and negative ion *** internal calibration,its regulated fragmentation pattern minimizes interference with analyte signals,and using a single peptide as the input minimizes suppression of the analyte *** demonstrated by analyses of proteins including monoclonal antibody and Aβ-42,these features allowed significant increase of the mass accuracy and precision,which improved sequence coverage and sequence resolution in sequence analyses(including de novo sequencing).This rational design strategy may also inspire further development of synthetic calibrants that benefit structural analysis of biomolecules.

关键词： Biomolecule design Synthetic peptide Protein sequencing Covalent structure De novo sequencing Mass spectrometry Gas-phase fragmentation

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Effect of mechanical stresses on degradation behavior of high-purity magnesium in bone environments

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 252-261页

作者： Yan Yao Jie Xia Lizhen Wang Yuanming Gao Xili Ding Chao Wang Yubo Fan Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology(Beihang University) Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing 100083China

High-purity(HP)magnesium(Mg)has emerged as a promising biomaterial for supporting functional bone *** previous study found that mechanical stresses and the surrounding fibrotic tissue(subcuta-neous)both play crucial roles in the degradation of HP ***,due to challenges in the degradation and regeneration process in vivo,it remains unclear how stress affects HP Mg degradation in bone en-vironments,limiting its further *** this study,novel loading devices were designed and the effects of tensile and compressive stresses on HP Mg degradation in vivo and in vitro bone environments were quantitatively *** addition,bone osteointegration around HP Mg was explored *** stress increases the degradation rate of HP Mg in vivo and in *** Mg degradation in vivo is more sensitive to stress factors than in vitro,but the sensitivity decreases with corrosion *** volume loss rate of HP Mg is multilinear with the applied stress and degradation *** volume of bone tissue surrounding HP Mg is larger in the no-stress group compared to the stressed groups,which is more pronounced with increasing implantation *** results provide valuable insights for optimiz-ing the design of HP Mg-based implants considering load *** will help to achieve a balance between the degradation rate of the implant and the regeneration rate of the surrounding bone.

关键词： High-purity magnesium Quantitative stresses Degradation Bone environments In vivo and in vitro

Pseudorabies virus VHS protein abrogates interferon responses by blocking NF-κB and IRF3 nuclear translocation

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 587-599页

作者： Zhenfang Yan Jiayu Yue Yaxin Zhang Zhengyang Hou Dianyu Li Yanmei Yang Xiangrong Li Adi Idris Huixia Li Shasha Li Jingying Xie Ruofei Feng Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic biomedical Research center Northwest Minzu UniversityLanzhou730030China College of Life Science and Engineering Northwest Minzu UniversityLanzhou730030China Gansu Tech innovation center of Animal Cell Biomedical Research CenterNorthwest Minzu UniversityLanzhou730030China Engineering Research center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-based Vaccine Ministry of EducationBiomedical Research CenterNorthwest Minzu UniversityLanzhou730030China Centre for Immunology and Infection Control School of Biomedical SciencesQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueensland4702Australia

Herpesviruses antagonize host antiviral responses through a myriad of molecular strategies culminating in the death of the host *** virus(PRV)is a significant veterinary pathogen in pigs,causing neurological sequalae that ultimately lead to the animal's *** is known to trigger apoptotic cell death during the late stages of *** virion host shutdown protein(VHS)encoded by UL41 plays a crucial role in the PRV infection *** this study,we demonstrate that UL41 inhibits PRV-induced activation of inflammatory cytokine and negatively regulates the cGAS-STING-mediated antiviral activity by targeting IRF3,thereby inhibiting the translocation and phosphorylation of ***,mutating the conserved amino acid sites(E192,D194,and D195)in the RNase domain of UL41 or knocking down UL41 inhibits the immune evasion of PRV,suggesting that UL41 may play a crucial role in PRV's evasion of the host immune response during *** results enhance our understanding of how PRV structural proteins assist the virus in evading the host immune response.

关键词： Pseudorabies virus(PRV) UL41 IRF3 Interferon cGAS-STING

Pd-Catalyzed Dienylation of Propargylic Esters Enabling Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Danishefsky-Type Trisubstituted Dienes

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第17期42卷 1993-1998页

作者： Chen Zhou Mengfu Dai Xiaoyu Yin Mingyue Zhang Weijin Gu Liang-An Chen Jiangsu Collaborative innovation center of biomedical Functional Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power BatteriesSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China

The stereochemical synthesis of highly substituted Danishefsky-type dienes remains unsolved in organic *** describe a simple and efficient approach for the stereoselective synthesis of Danishefsky-type trisubstituted dienes from readily available propargylic esters via Pd-catalyzed dienylation reaction through the key intermediate metallacyclobutene in a regio-,chemo-and stereoselective *** method facilitates a broad range of challenging trisubstituted dienes with a high level of stereocontrol.

关键词： Propargylic ester Dienylation Diene Stereoselectivity Cycloaddition Palladium β-H elimination Regioselectivity

Liquid metal biomaterials: translational medicines,challenges and perspectives

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 264-284页

作者： Hanchi Xu Jincheng Lu Yikuang Xi Xuelin Wang Jing Liu Department of biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital School of Clinical Medicine Tsinghua University Shanghai World Foreign Language Academy Beijing Advanced innovation center for biomedical Engineering School of Engineering MedicineBeihang University Beijing Key Lab of Cryo-biomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Until now, significant healthcare challenges and growing urgent clinical requirements remain incompletely addressed by presently available biomedical materials. This is due to their inadequate mechanical compatibility, suboptimal physical and chemical properties, susceptibility to immune rejection, and concerns about long-term biological safety. As an alternative, liquid metal(LM) opens up a promising class of biomaterials with unique advantages like biocompatibility, flexibility, excellent electrical conductivity,and ease of functionalization. However, despite the unique advantages and successful explorations of LM in biomedical fields, widespread clinical translations and applications of LM-based medical products remain limited. This article summarizes the current status and future prospects of LM biomaterials, interprets their applications in healthcare, medical imaging, bone repair, nerve interface, and tumor therapy, *** to translate LM materials into medicine and obstacles encountered in practices are *** that, we outline a blueprint for LM clinics, emphasizing their potential in making new-generation artificial organs. Last, the core challenges of LM biomaterials in clinical translation, including bio-safety,material stability, and ethical concerns are also discussed. Overall, the current progress, translational medicine bottlenecks, and perspectives of LM biomaterials signify their immense potential to drive future medical breakthroughs and thus open up novel avenues for upcoming clinical practices.

关键词： liquid metal biomaterials translational medicine clinical device healthcare therapeutics

C_(60) as a metal-free catalyst for lithium-oxygen batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3982-3987页

作者： Xinxin Zhang Jiaming Tian Yu Wang Shaohua Guo Yafei Li Jiangsu Collaborative innovation Centre of biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresFrontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Carbon materials have shown significant potential as catalysts for lithium-oxygen batteries(LOBs).However,the intrinsic carbon sites are typically inert,necessitating extensive modifications and resulting in a limited density of active *** we present C_(60) as a metal-free cathode catalyst for LOBs,using density functional theory calculations and experimental *** lithiation reactions on the pristine carbon sites of C_(60) are energetically favorable due to its curvedπ-conjugation over the pentagon-hexagon *** kinetic analysis specifically reveals low energy barriers for Li_(2)O_(2) decomposition and Li diffusion on C_(60).Consequently,C_(60) exhibits significantly higher catalytic activity than typical carbon materials such as graphene and carbon *** electrochemical measurements validate the predictions,notably demonstrating that the intrinsic activity of C_(60) is comparable to that of noble metals.

关键词： lithium-oxygen batteries C_(60) density functional theory(DFT)calculations metal-free cathode