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Evolution of biomass particles during pelletization process

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 182-187页

作者： Hamid Rezaei Maryam Tajilrou Jun Sian Lee Kanages Singaraveloo Anthony Lau Shahab Sokhansanj biomass and bioenergy research group Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada

Pulverizing is an essential unit operation in co-firing biomass with *** are only compatible with pellet forms of fibrous biomass materials and crush them down to their original forming particle *** is why the data on the size distribution of the particles forming a biomass pellet is crucial to achieving optimum combustion *** current study determines the internal particle size distribution of pellets after wet disintegration,following Iso 17830 standard,and aims to suggest improvements to the mentioned standard based on new measured *** were carried out on white wood pellets(no bark)and brown wood pellets containing bark at four water temperatures:20,40,60,and 95℃,with or without *** particle size distribution of the pre-pelletizer wood particles was also measured and compared with particles in the formed *** water temperature of 20℃ was found to be adequate for the complete disintegration of pellets,and no mechanical stirring was *** 30% of particles in the disintegrated pellets were 0.5-1.0 *** changes the particle size distribution to smaller *** disintegrated bark pellets contained more fines than white pellets.

关键词： Wood pellets Particle sizes distribution Wet disintegration Stirring Water temperature

Flexible, ultrathin, and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with outstanding photothermal effect, excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第8期17卷 1028-1037页

作者： Ya-Ge Zhang Ling-Zhi Huang Qi Yuan Ming-Guo Ma research Center of biomass Clean Utilization MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and BioenergyBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryCollege of Materials Science and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Electrodes that combine energy storage with mechanical and photothermal performance are necessary for efficient development and use of flexible energy storage and conversion *** this study,the flexible,ultrathin,and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films were fabricated via a one-step“soak and polymerization”*** dense sandwich structure and strong interfacial interaction endowed polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with excellent flexibility,outstanding mechanical strength,and desired ***,the polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite film electrodes with quaternary amine functionalized cellulose nanofiber had the highest specific mass capacitance(392.90 F∙g^(–1))and specific areal capacitance(3.32 F∙cm^(–2))than the electrodes with unmodified and carboxyl functionalized cellulose ***,the polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with sandwich structure had excellent photothermal conversion *** study demonstrated a feasible and versatile method for preparing of multifunctional composite films,having promising applications in various energy storage fields.

关键词： cellulose nanofiber electrochemical photothermal conversion polypyrrole

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Morphological,Biochemical and Genetic Analysis of a Brittle Stalk Mutant of Maize Inserted by Mutator

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第1期12卷 12-18页

作者： FU Xue-qian FENG Jing YU Bin GAO You-jun ZHENG Yong-lian YUE Bing National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Huazhong Agricultural University biomass and bioenergy research Centre Huazhong Agricultural University

Mutants on stalk strength are essential materials for the studies on the formation of plant cell *** this study,a brittle stalk mutant of maize,designated as Bk-x,was screened from a Mutator inserted mutant *** the germination and early seedling stage,the mutant plants were indistinguishable from the normal ***,all of the plant organs were brittle after the 5th-leaf stage and remained brittle throughout the rest of the growing *** observation showed that the cell wall in vascular bundle sheath of Bk-x was thinner than that in normal *** leaf mechanical strength in Bk-x was 77.9% of that in normal plants growing at Xishuangbanna（BN）,Yunnan province and that was 61.7% in Wuhan（WH）,Hubei Province,*** proportion of cellulose was 12.3% in Bk-x,which was significantly lower than that in normal plants（26.7%）,while the soluble sugar content was 36.1% in Bk-x,which is significantly higher than that in normal plants（12.4%）.Genetic analysis using two F 2 populations and one F 2：3 families demonstrated that the trait of brittle stalk is controlled by a single recessive gene.

关键词： Mutator cellulose brittle stalk mutant cell wall mechanical strength

A Self-assembled Nanoparticle Platform Based on Amphiphilic Oleanolic Acid Polyprodrug for Cancer Therapy

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2020年第8期38卷 819-829,I0006页

作者： Ying-Sa Wang Gui-Liang Li Shang-Bin Zhu Fan-Chen Jing Run-Dong Liu Sai-Sai Li Jing He Jian-Du Lei Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy(Ministry of Education)Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Oleanolic acid(OA)is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound with extensive biological effects,such as anti-inflammatory and anticancer ***,the application of OA in chemotherapy is hampered by its poor solubility and severe adverse *** solve the problems,we developed a self-assembled nanoparticle platform based on amphiphilic oleanolic acid polyprodrug,poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate]-b-poly(oleanolic acid methacrylate)(POEGMA-b-POAMA),encapsulating 10-hydroxycamptothecin(HCPT)to achieve efficient cancer *** polyprodrug was prepared via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization(RAFT),and could selfassemble to prepare POEGMA-b-POAMA/HCPT nanoparticles(NPs).The obtained nanoparticles exhibited appropriate particle size,excellent drug stability,good drug loading capacity,and high drug loading *** vitro drug release indicated that the drug release was prolonged to 132 *** POEGMA-b-POAMA/HCPT NPs enhanced cell cytotoxicity in 4T1 cells and MCF-7 cells and could be efficiently uptaken by 4T1 ***,in vivo antitumor efficiency showed that the POEGMA-b-POAMA/HCPT NPs had great antitumor efficiency with considerably low adverse effects in the treatment of the 4T1 mouse breast tumor xenograft ***,POEGMA-b-POAMA/HCPT NPs provide great potential as a platform for drug delivery applications.

关键词： Self-assemble Nanoparticle Oleanolic acid Amphiphilic polyprodrug Drug delivery

Recent Advances in the Role of the Elongator Complex in Plant Physiology and tRNA Modification: A Review

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1640-1650页

作者： YAN Xu JIN Xiao-huan WANG You-mei ZHENG Bo CHEN Peng biomass and bioenergy research Centre College of Plant Sciences and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University College of Horticulture and Forest Sciences Huazhong Agricultural University

The Elongator complex is a multifunction protein complex which has been shown to be involved in transcriptional elongation, DNA replication and repair, tubulin and histone acetylation, gene silencing and tranfer RNA uridine modification. The composition of the Elongator complex is found to be highly conserved in eukaryotes, protein homologs of various subunits have been identified in fungi, plant, animal, and human. Remarkably, mutation in genes encoding the Elongator complex structural components all results in defects of transfer RNA wobble uridine modification, and this function of the Elongator complex is also conserved in eukaryotes. The Elongator complex mutants in higher plants have pleiotropic phenotypes including defects in vegetative growth, abiscisic acid hypersensitivity, elevated tolerance to drought and oxidative stress. What is the relationship between the Elongator complex＇s function in nucleoside modification and its activity in other cellular pathways？ This review summarizes the recent advances in study of function of the Elongator complex, in the aspects of cell physiology and molecular biology.

关键词： the Elongator complex transfer RNA nucleoside modification

Lignin derived porous carbon with favorable mesoporous contributions for highly efficient ionic liquid-based supercapacitors

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第10期34卷 293-297页

作者： Jia Liu Xiu-Wen Mei Feng Peng Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and BioenergyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Lignin and its derivatives hold great potential in developing high performance porous carbon materials for supercapacitors due to the versatile features of high carbon content, abundant multifunctional groups,low cost, and environmental benefits. Unfortunately, their derived porous carbon generally has the features of unfavorable microporous-dominated morphologies and low specific surface area(SSA) attributed from the highly-branched structure of lignin, which are hardly suitable for the supercapacitors with ionic liquid(IL) electrolyte, leading to poor energy density and rate capability. Herein, porous carbon materials with desirable mesoporous contributions from sodium lignosulphonate are designed via a facile template method. Such rich mesoporisity carbon materials not only possess with three-dimensional interconnected network, large SSA, as well as favorable pore size distribution for accelerated ion and electron mass transfer, but also feature low heteroatom content for high electrochemical stability. Consequently, the optimal electrode exhibits a high capacitance of 166 F/g at 0.5 A/g, superior rate performance(59 Wh/kg at 59 kW/kg), as well as impressive cycle life with good capacitance retention of 93.1% in EMIBF4 electrolytes. The present work opens a new avenue to design porous carbon materials with high mesopore properties from lignin for effective compatibility with IL electrolyte in high-performance supercapacitors.

关键词： Lignin Porous carbon Favorable mesoporous contributions Low heteroatom content Supercapacitors

Recent advanced development of stabilizing sodium metal anodes

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第5期8卷 1279-1307页

作者： Liyu Zhu Yucheng Li Jingyang Zhao Jing Liu Luying Wang Jiandu Lei Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China MOE Engineering research Center of Forestry biomass Materials and bioenergy Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China

As the application of next-generation energy storage systems continues to expand,rechargeable secondary batteries with enhanced energy density and safety are imperative for energy ***-ion batteries(SIBs)have attracted extensive attention and are recognized as ideal candidates for large-scale energy storage due to the abundant sodium resources and low *** metal anodes(SMAs)have been considered as one of the most attractive anode materials for SIBs owing to their high specific capacity(1166 mAh g^(-1)),low redox potential,and abundant natural ***,the uncontrollable dendrite growth and inevitable side reactions on SMA lead to the continuous deterioration of the electrochemical performance,causing serious safety concerns and limiting their practical application in the ***,the construction of stable dendrite-free SMAs is a pressing problem for advanced sodium metal batteries(SMBs).In this review,we comprehensively summarize the research progress in suppressing the formation of sodium dendrite,including artificial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI),liquid electrolyte modification,three-dimensional(3D)host materials,and solid-state ***,key aspects and prospects of future research directions for SMAs are *** hope that this timely review can provide an overall picture of sodium protection strategies and stimulate more research in the future.

关键词： Sodium-metal battery Sodium metal anode Dendrite growth Artificial solid electrolyte interphases Electrolyte engineering

Efficient proton conduction in porous and crystalline covalent-organic frameworks(COFs)

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第7期82卷 198-218,I0005页

作者： Liyu Zhu Huatai Zhu Luying Wang Jiandu Lei Jing Liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China MOE Engineering research Center of Forestry biomass Materials and bioenergy Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

To attain the objectives of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,the development of stable and highperformance ion-conducting materials holds enormous relevance in various energy storage and conversion ***,crystalline porous materials possessing built-in ordered nanochannels exhibit remarkable superiority in comprehending the ion transfer mechanisms with *** this regard,covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are highly regarded as a promising alternative due to their preeminent structural tunability,accessible well-defined pores,and excellent thermal/chemical stability under hydrous/anhydrous *** the availability of organic units and the diversity of topologies and connections,advances in COFs have been increasing rapidly over the last decade and they have emerged as a new field of proton-conducting ***,a comprehensive summary and discussion are urgently needed to provide an"at a glance"understanding of the prospects and challenges in the development of proton-conducting *** this review,we target a comprehensive review of COFs in the field of proton conductivity from the aspects of design strategies,the proton conducting mechanism/features,the relationships of structure-function,and the application of *** relevant content of theoretical simulation,advanced structural characterizations,prospects,and challenges are also presented elaborately and *** importantly,we sincerely hope that this progress report will form a consistent view of this field and provide inspiration for future research.

关键词： Covalent-organic frameworks Proton conduction mechanism Proton exchange membrane Fuel cells

Genetic Engineering of Energy Crops: A Strategy for Biofuel Production in China

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第2期53卷 143-150页

作者： Guosheng Xie Liangcai Peng National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre and College of Plant Sciences and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China College of Life Sciences and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China

biomass utilization is increasingly considered as a practical way for sustainable energy supply and long-term environment care around the world. In concerns with food security in China, starch or sugar-based bioethanol and edible-oil-derived biodiesel are harshly restricted for large scale production. However, conversion of lignocellulosic residues from food crops is a potential alternative. Because of its recalcitrance, current biomass process is unacceptably expensive, but genetic breeding of energy crops is a promising solution. To meet the need, energy crops are defined with a high yield for both food and biofuel purposes. In this review, main grasses （rice, wheat, maize, sorghum and miscanthus） are evaluated for high biomass production, the principles are discussed on modification of plant cell walls that lead to efficient biomass degradation and conversion, and the related biotechnologies are proposed in terms of energy crop selection.

关键词： biomass energy ENERGY crops PLANT genetic engineering BIOENERGETICS RENEWABLE energy sources LIGNOCELLULOSE FOOD security