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Identification of differentially-expressed genes of rice in overlapping responses to bacterial infection by Xanthomonas oryzae *** and nitrogen deficiency

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第5期14卷 888-899页

作者： YU Chao CHEN Hua-min TIAN Fang BI Yong-mei Rothstein J Steven Leach E Jan HE Chen-yang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology College of Biological ScienceUniversity of Guelph Department of bioagricultural sciences and pest management Colorado State University

Bacterial blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae ***（Xoo） is one of high nitrogen（N） responsive *** plants became more disease resistant with decreasing N suggesting that the crosstalk between disease resistance and N utilization pathways might ***,the co-regulatory components in such crosstalk have not been ***,we comparatively analyzed the gene expression profiling of rice under Xoo inoculation,low N treatment,or a combination of both stresses,and identified the differentially-expressed genes（DEGs） in overlapping *** DEGs were involved in different biological processes,including innate immunity and nitrogen *** randomly-selected DEGs expression was validated by quantitative real-time PCR *** expression of six genes from different functional categories suggested that N condition was the dominant factor when both stresses were *** DEGs identified provide novel insights into the coordinated regulatory mechanism in biotic and abiotic stress responses in rice.

关键词： Xanthomonas differentially overlapping abiotic blight responsive crosstalk pathogen encoding validated

Solid Waste management:A MADM Approach Using Fuzzy Parameterized Possibility Single-Valued Neutrosophic Hypersoft Expert Settings

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 531-553页

作者： Tmader Alballa Muhammad Ihsan Atiqe Ur Rahman Noorah Ayed Alsorayea Hamiden Abd El-Wahed Khalifa Department of Mathematics College of SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of ScienceQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia

The dramatic rise in the number of people living in cities has made many environmental and social problems *** search for a productive method for disposing of solid waste is the most notable of these *** scholars have referred to it as a fuzzy multi-attribute or multi-criteria decision-making problem using various fuzzy set-like approaches because of the inclusion of criteria and anticipated *** goal of the current study is to use an innovative methodology to address the expected uncertainties in the problem of solid waste site *** characteristics(or sub-attributes)that decision-makers select and the degree of approximation they accept for various options can both be indicators of these *** tackle these problems,a novel mathematical structure known as the fuzzy parameterized possibility single valued neutrosophic hypersoft expert set(ρˆ-set),which is initially described,is integrated with a modified version of Sanchez’s *** this,an intelligent algorithm is *** steps of the suggested algorithm are explained with an example that explains *** compatibility of solid waste management sites and systems is discussed,and rankings are established along with detailed justifications for their *** study’s strengths lie in its application of fuzzy parameterization and possibility grading to effectively handle the uncertainties embodied in the parameters’nature and alternative approximations,*** uses specific mathematical formulations to compute the fuzzy parameterized degrees and possibility grades that are missing from the prior *** is simpler for the decisionmakers to look at each option separately because the decision is *** the computed results,it is discovered that they are consistent and dependable because of their preferred properties.

关键词： Hypersoft expert set Sanchez’s method decision making optimization solid waste management possibility grade fuzzy parameterization

The function of small RNAs in plant biotic stress response

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第4期58卷 312-327页

作者： Juan Huang Meiling Yang Xiaoming Zhang State Key Laboratory of Integrated management of pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Small RNAs（s RNAs） play essential roles in plants upon biotic stress. Plants utilize RNA silencing machinery to facilitate pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity to defend against pathogen attack or to facilitate defense against insect herbivores. Pathogens, on the other hand, are also able to generate effectors and s RNAs to counter the host immune response. The arms race between plants and pathogens/insect herbivores has triggered the evolution of s RNAs,RNA silencing machinery and pathogen effectors. A great number of studies have been performed to investigate the roles of s RNAs in plant defense, bringing in the opportunity to utilize s RNAs in plant protection. Transgenic plants with pathogen-derived resistance ability or transgenerational defense have been generated, which show promising potential as solutions for pathogen/insect herbivore problems in the field. Here we summarize the recent progress on the function of s RNAs in response to biotic stress, mainly in plant-pathogen/insect herbivore interaction,and the application of s RNAs in disease and insect herbivore control.

关键词： Small RNA plant immunity transgenerational defense pathogen-derived resistance

Comparison of the olfactory sensitivity of two sympatric steppe grasshopper species(Orthoptera:Acrididae)to plant volatile compounds

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Science China(Life sciences) 2004年第2期47卷 115-123页

作者： CHEN Huhai ZHAO Yunxian KANG Le State Key Laboratory of Integrated management of pest Insects & Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects & Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects & Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

Electroantennogram (EAG) responses of male and female Oedipodinae grasshop-pers, Oedaleus decorus asiaticus B.-Bienko and Angaracris barabensis Pall to 37 plant volatile compounds were recorded. The two species have sympatric distribution and synchronous sea-sonal activity in Inner Mongolia Grasslands. They have different host plant preference with Oedaleus decorus asiaticus graminivorous and A. barabensis forbivorous. The EAG response profiles to 37 compounds of the two species and their both sexes were similar. Most of the green leaf volatiles elicited higher EAG responses in both species and sexes than terpenic compounds and some aromatic compounds. Strong EAG responses were elicited by 6-carbon alcohols (1-hexanol, Z-hexen-2-ol-1, E-2-hexen-1-ol, E-hexen-3-ol-1), aldehyde (E-2-hexen-1-al), ester (Z-hexen-3-yl acetate), and 7-carbon alcohols (1-heptanol) in both species and sexes. Monoterpenes with functional groups of alcohols and aldehydes were more stimulating than other monoterpenes tested. The sesquiterpenes tested elicited relatively low responses. Ben-zaldehyde elicited the highest responses for both species among aromatic components. Oedaleus decorus asiaticus showed higher EAG responses than A. barabensis to the green leaf volatiles, 1-decanol, 1-nonanol, 1-pentanol, hexanal, Z-hexen-3-yl acetate and to the sesquiter-penes (-)-trans-caryophyllene. Males have higher responses than females in Oedaleus decorus asiaticus. No sexual difference was observed in A. barabensis. Dose-dependent responses to six selected chemicals were observed from females. In both species, all the chemicals tested elicit EAG responses at concentration between 10-3 mol/L and 10-2 mol/L, except that the responses of A. barabensis to terpineol had a threshold concentration of 10-2 mol/L benzaldehyde and 1-hexanol had the highest slopes in dose curves, while 1-octen-3-ol showed the smallest slope in responses to the six chemicals tested. Comparative studies on the responses of two ant

关键词： electroantennogram, grasshoppers, Oedaleus decorus asiaticus, Angaracris barabensis, plant volatile compounds, sympatric species.

Microsatellites reveal the genetic structure of thelytokous strains of the migratory locust

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Insect Science 2007年第3期14卷 193-199页

作者： ZHAO-QIAN TENG LE KANG State Key Laboratory of Integrated management of pest and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This study reports on two parthenogenetic strains of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria. The offspring of thelytokou females had a single fragment per microsatellite loci. All offspring of the parthenogenetic F1 females were genetically identical. These results further confirmed that restitution of the sister products of early cleavage mitoses and cell fusion might be the most likely diploidization mechanisms in the thelytokous locusts. Polymerase chain reaction amplification results demonstrated that thelytoky in the locust was not induced by Wolbachia bacteria. Apart from the low fitness gained in thelytokous females, large populations with migration and losing heterozygosity may be other reasons why regular parthenogenesis has not evolved in the locust.

关键词： genetic structure Locusta migratoria microsatellites thelytokous parthenogenesis Wolbachia

Effect of herbicide acetochlor on cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and GST of earthworms Eisenia fetida

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2006年第1期18卷 135-140页

作者： XIAO Neng-wen LIU Xiang-hui LI Wei GE Feng State Key Lab of Integrated management of pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

To assess the sublethal toxicity of the herbicide acetochlor to earthworms and to find out biomarkers possible inducted under acetochlor exposure, Eiseniafetida was exposed to artificial soils supplemented with different concentrations of acetochlor（5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg soil）. Effects of the acetochlor on cytochrome P450 monooxygenases p-nitroanisole O-demethylase（ODM）, aldrin epoxidase（AE） and glutathione-S-transferases （GSTs） activities were determined. The results revealed cytochrome P450 monooxygenases were elevated with increasing concentrations of acetochlor, and the AE activity increased significantly compared with control at the concentration of 80 mg/kg （P〈0.05）. However, ODM activity from E. fetida was not induced significantly by acetochlor at all treatments（P〉0.05）. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryamide gel electrophoresis（SDS-PAGE） showed that one protein band was visualized and no evident differences were found in protein profiles between treatments and control. The GST activity increased significantly with longer duration（P〈0.05） and increasing concentrations of acetochlor exposure（P〈0.05）. This study showed that the monooxygenases and GSTs activities in E. fetida could be induced by acetochlor, and thus, the AE and GST could be used in sublethal assays for soil contamination surveys and GST could be used as biomarkers of acetochlor exposure in E. fetida.

关键词： acetochlor Eiseniafetida p-nitroanisole O-demethylase aldrin epoxidase GST

Low daily energy expenditure enables giant pandas to survive on bamboo

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Science China(Life sciences) 2015年第9期58卷 925-926页

作者： WANG DeHua State Key Laboratory of Integrated management of pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Giant pandas （Ailuropoda melanoleuca） belong to the bear family （Urisidae） within the order Carnivora and specialize on a diet of bamboo, but still retain a typical carnivoran gastrointestinal tract. Consequently, they have a very low energy digestive efficiency （9.5%-34%） if fed only bamboo in captivity. The property of metabolic physiology of giant pandas is an interesting question. McNab [1] wrote in his new book Extreme Measures that ＂basal metabolic rate （BMR） of the giant panda, a semi-arboreal, bamboo-eating bear, has not been measured, but given its habits, it un- doubtedly has a BMR that is appreciably less than expected from （body） mass. Its basal rate is possibly similar to, or less than, that found in the sloth bear （Melursus ursinus）, which feeds heavily on termites and has a basal rate equal to 80% （of expected）. The sloth bear, and presumably the giant panda, differ in energetics from other bears such as omniv- orous black （Ursus americanus） and brown bears （Ursus arctos）, and strictly carnivorous polar bears＂.

关键词：能量消耗大熊猫竹子基础代谢率生理特性肉食动物食肉目胃肠道

Composition and emission dynamics of migratory locust volatiles in response to changes in developmental stages and population density

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Insect Science 2017年第1期24卷 60-72页

作者： Jianing Wei Wenbo Shao Xianhui Wang Jin Ge Xiangyong Chen Dan Yu Le Kang State Key Laboratory of Integrated management of pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Chemical communication plays an important role in density-dependent phase change in locusts. However, the volatile components and emission patterns of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, are largely unknown. In this study, we identified the chemical compositions and emission dynamics of locust volatiles from the body and feces and associated them with developmental stages, sexes and phase changes. The migratory locust shares a number of volatile components with the desert locust （Schistocerca gregaria）, but the emission dynamics of the two locust species are significantly different. The body odors of the gregarious nymphs in the migratory locust consisted of phenylacetonitrile （PAN）, benzaldehyde, guaiacol, phenol, aliphatic acids and 2,3-butanediol, and PAN was the dominant volatile. Volatiles from the fecal pellets of the nymphs primarily consist of guaiacol and phenol. Principal component analysis （PCA） showed significant differences in the volatile profiles between gregarious and solitary locusts. PAN and 4-vinylanisole concentrations were significantly higher in gregarious individuals than in solitary locusts. Gregarious mature males released significantly higher amounts of PAN and 4-vinylanisole during adulthood than mature females and immature adults of both sexes. Furthermore, PAN and 4-vinylanisole were completely lost in gregarious nymphs during the solitarization process, but were obtained by solitary nymphs during gregarization. The amounts of benzaldehyde, guaiacol and phenol only unidirectionally decreased from solitary to crowded treatment. Aliphatic aldehydes （C7 to C10）, which were previously reported as locust volatiles, are now identified as environmental contaminants. Therefore, our results illustrate the precise odor profiles of migratory locusts during developmental stages, sexes and phase change. However, the function and role of PAN and other aromatic compounds during phase transition need further investigation.

关键词： GC-MS/MS Locusta migratoria phase change phenylacetonitrile volatile chemicals

The Role of Radical Burst in Plant Defense Responses to Necrotrophic Fungi

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第8期11卷 1305-1312页

作者： Mahesh S Kulye Key Laboratory of Integrated pest management in Crops Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Necrotrophic fungi, being the largest class of fungal plant pathogens, pose a serious economic problem to crop production. Nitric oxide （NO） is an essential regulatory molecule in plant immunity in synergy with reactive oxygen species （ROS）. Most experimental data available on the roles of NO and ROS during plant-pathogen interactions are from studies of infections by potential biotrophic pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. However, there are several arguments about the role of ROS in defense responses during plants and necrotrophic pathogens interaction and little is known about the role of NO as a counterpart of ROS in disease resistance to necrotrophic pathogens. This review focuses on the recent knowledge about the role of oxidative burst in plant defense response to necrotrophic fungi.

关键词： nitric oxide mitogen-activated protein kinase necrotrophic fungi programmed cell death reactive oxygen species