Composition and emission dynamics of migratory locust volatiles in response to changes in developmental stages and population density

作     者：Jianing Wei Wenbo Shao Xianhui Wang Jin Ge Xiangyong Chen Dan Yu Le Kang 

作者机构：State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 

出 版 物：《Insect Science》 (昆虫科学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2017年第24卷第1期

页      面：60-72页

核心收录：

学科分类：083002[工学-环境工程] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 08[工学] 09[农学] 0904[农学-植物保护] 090402[农学-农业昆虫与害虫防治] 

基　　金：Acknowledgments We appreciate the technical assistance of Mr. R. Wang on GC-MS  as well as the guidance of Mr. J. Yu and Mrs. X.P. Wang in locust rearing. This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant XDB11010200) and the National Nature Science Foundation of China (31210103915) 

主　　题：GC-MS/MS Locusta migratoria phase change phenylacetonitrile volatile chemicals 

摘      要：Chemical communication plays an important role in density-dependent phase change in locusts. However, the volatile components and emission patterns of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, are largely unknown. In this study, we identified the chemical compositions and emission dynamics of locust volatiles from the body and feces and associated them with developmental stages, sexes and phase changes. The migratory locust shares a number of volatile components with the desert locust （Schistocerca gregaria）, but the emission dynamics of the two locust species are significantly different. The body odors of the gregarious nymphs in the migratory locust consisted of phenylacetonitrile （PAN）, benzaldehyde, guaiacol, phenol, aliphatic acids and 2,3-butanediol, and PAN was the dominant volatile. Volatiles from the fecal pellets of the nymphs primarily consist of guaiacol and phenol. Principal component analysis （PCA） showed significant differences in the volatile profiles between gregarious and solitary locusts. PAN and 4-vinylanisole concentrations were significantly higher in gregarious individuals than in solitary locusts. Gregarious mature males released significantly higher amounts of PAN and 4-vinylanisole during adulthood than mature females and immature adults of both sexes. Furthermore, PAN and 4-vinylanisole were completely lost in gregarious nymphs during the solitarization process, but were obtained by solitary nymphs during gregarization. The amounts of benzaldehyde, guaiacol and phenol only unidirectionally decreased from solitary to crowded treatment. Aliphatic aldehydes （C7 to C10）, which were previously reported as locust volatiles, are now identified as environmental contaminants. Therefore, our results illustrate the precise odor profiles of migratory locusts during developmental stages, sexes and phase change. However, the function and role of PAN and other aromatic compounds during phase transition need further investigation.