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Contemporary nationwide trends in major adverse cardiovascular events in young cannabis users without concomitant tobacco,alcohol,cocaine use

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第9期16卷 512-521页

作者： Rupak Desai Priyatham Gurram Adil S Mohammed Rishabh B Salian Shanmukh Sai Pavan Lingamsetty Sandeep Guntuku Ravi Venkata Sai Krishna Medarametla Rawnak Jahan Zainab Muslehuddin Paritharsh Ghantasala Department of Outcomes Research Independent ResearcherAtlantaGA 30033United States Department of Internal medicine Central Michigan University College of MedicineSaginawMI 48602United States Department of medicine Kasturba Medical CollegeMangalore 575001India Department of medicine Mamata Medical CollegeKhammam 507002India Department of medicine Bangladesh Medical CollegeDhaka 110015Bangladesh Department of Internal medicine Wayne State UniversitySinai Grace HospitalDetroit Medical CenterDetroitMI 48201United States

BACKGROUND Cannabis use has increased among young individuals in recent *** dependent cannabis use disorder(CUD)has been associated with various cardiac events,its effects on young adults without concurrent substance use remain *** To examine trends in hospitalizations for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events(MACCE)in this *** used the National Inpatient Sample(2016-2019)to identify hospitalized young individuals(18-44 years),excluding those with concurrent substance usage(tobacco,alcohol,and cocaine).They were divided into CUD+and CUD-.Using International Classification of Diseases-10 codes,we examined the trends in MACCE hospitalizations,including all-cause mortality(ACM),acute myocardial infarction(AMI),cardiac arrest(CA),and acuteischemic stroke(AIS).RESULTSOf 27.4 million hospitalizations among young adults without concurrent substance abuse,4.2%(1.1 million)hadco-existent *** CUD+group,hospitalization rates for MACCE(1.71%vs 1.35%),AMI(0.86%vs 0.54%),CA(0.27%vs 0.24%),and AIS(0.49%vs 0.35%)were higher than in CUD-group(P<0.001).However,rate of ACMhospitalizations was lower in CUD+group(0.30%vs 0.44%).From 2016 to 2019,CUD+group experienced arelative rise of 5%in MACCE and 20%in AMI hospitalizations,compared to 22%and 36%increases in CUDgroup(P<0.05).The CUD+group had a 13%relative decrease in ACM hospitalizations,compared to a 10%relative rise in CUD-group(P<0.05).However,when adjusted for confounders,MACCE odds among CUD+cohort remain comparable between 2016 and *** CUD+group had higher rates of MACCE,but the rising trends were more apparent in the CUD-group ***,the CUD+group had lower ACM rates than the CUD-group.

关键词： Cannabis Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events Myocardial infarction Cardiac arrest Stroke Allcause mortality Young adults Trends

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Clean-DM1, a Korean Polyherbal Formula, Improves High Fat Diet-Induced Diabetic Symptoms in Mice by Regulating IRS/PI3K/AKT and AMPK Expressionsin Pancreas and Liver Tissues

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Chinese Journal of Integrative medicine 2024年第2期30卷 125-134页

作者： Piao Wang Yi Liu Seok Yong Kang Chenzi Lyu Xiang Han Tianjun Ho Kyung Jae Lee Xianglong Meng Yong-Ki Park Hyo Won Jung Department of Herbology College of Korean MedicineDongguk UniversityGyeongju 38066Korea college of Pharmacy&Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Korea Korean medicine R&D Center Dongguk UniversityGyeongju 38066Korea Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal medicines Processing Shanxi University of Chinese MedicineJinzhong(030619)ShanxiProvinceChina

Objective:To investigate the effects of Clean-DM1(C-DM1),a polyherbal formulation of Radix Scrophulariae,Radix Astragali,Rhizoma Atractylodis,and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae,on high-fat diet(HFD)-induced diabetes ***:The information about active components of C-DM1 extract and molecular mechanism was obtained from network pharmacology *** compounds of C-DM1 extract by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS)analysis were conducted for quality *** in vivo study,mice were induced diabetes by HFD for 12 *** mice in the normal group(Nor)were maintained with a regular diet and treated with saline by *** HFD model mice were randomly divided into 3 groups,including a HFD diabetic model group,a C-DM1 extract-administered group(C-DM1,500 mg/kg),and metformin-administered groups(Met,500 mg/kg),8 mice in each *** intake,body weight(BW),and fasting blood glucose(FBG)levels were recorded weekly for 4 *** 4 weeks of treatment,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),blood glucose,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were determined using an automated clinical chemistry analyzer,and homeostatic model for assessing insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)levels and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)were *** histopathological changes of liver and pancreatic tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin *** receptor substrate(IRS)/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)expressions in liver and pancreas tissues were detected by Western blot ***:HPLC-MS identified dihydroisotanshinone,dihydroisotanshinone I,cryptotanshinone,harpagoside,and atractyloside A in C-DM1 *** administration of C-DM1 extract significantly decreased body weight,calorie intake,and the levels of blood glucose and insulin in the diabetic mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The C-DM1 extract administration improved the im

关键词： high-fat diet type 2 diabetes mellitus herbal formulation insulin receptor substrate/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase network pharmacology high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis

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The endogenous antioxidant ability of royal jelly in Drosophila is independent of Keap1/Nrf2 by activating oxidoreductase activity

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 503-523页

作者： Dongjing Wen Jiayu Xie Yao Yuan Lirong Shen Yufeng Yang Wenfeng Chen Institute of Life Sciences College of Biological Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhouChina School of medicine Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina college of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Royal jelly(RJ)is a biologically active substance secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker *** is widely claimed that RJ reduces oxidative ***,the antioxidant activity of RJ has mostly been determined by in vitro chemical detection methods or by external administration drugs that cause oxidative *** RJ can clear the endogenous production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in cells remains largely ***,we systematically investigated the antioxidant properties of RJ using several endogenous oxidative stress models of *** found that RJ enhanced sleep quality of aging Drosophila,which is decreased due to an increase of oxidative damage with *** supplementation improved survival and suppressed ROS levels in gut cells of flies upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide or to the neurotoxic agent ***,RJ supplementation moderated levels of ROS in endogenous gut cells and extended lifespan after exposure of flies to heat *** deprivation leads to accumulation of ROS in the gut cells,and RJ attenuated the consequences of oxidative stress caused by sleep loss and prolonged ***,RJ prevented cell oxidative damage caused by heat stress or sleep deprivation,with the antioxidant activity in vivo independent of Keap1/Nrf2 *** supplementation activated oxidoreductase activity in the guts of flies,suggesting its ability to inhibit endogenous oxidative stress and maintain health,possibly in humans.

关键词： antioxidant biological oxidations Drosophila oxidative stress royal jelly sleep loss

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Clinical diagnostic advances in intestinal anastomotic techniques:Hand suturing,stapling,and compression devices

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1231-1234页

作者： Ah Young Lee Joo Young Cho Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCha Gangnam Medical CenterCha University College of MedicineSeoul 06135South Korea

The development of intestinal anastomosis techniques,including hand suturing,stapling,and compression anastomoses,has been a significant advancement in surgical *** methods aim to prevent leakage and minimize tissue fibrosis,which can lead to stricture *** healing process involves various phases:hemostasis and inflammation,proliferation,and *** staplers and sutures can cause inflammation and fibrosis due to the release of profibrotic *** anastomosis devices,including those made of nickel-titanium alloy,offer a minimally invasive option for various surgical challenges and have shown safety and ***,despite advancements,anastomotic techniques are evaluated based on leakage risk,with complications being a primary *** devices like Magnamosis use magnetic rings for compression anastomosis,demonstrating greater strength and patency compared to *** technology is also being explored for other medical *** there are promising results,particularly in animal models,the realworld application in humans is limited,and further research is needed to assess their safety and practicality.

关键词： Anastomoses Diagnostic advances,Anastomotic techniques Technique Intestine

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Advancements in precision nanomedicine design targeting the anoikis-platelet interface of circulating tumor cells

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3457-3475页

作者： Manqing Tang Zhijie Zhang Ping Wang Feng Zhao Lin Miao Yuming Wang Yingpeng Li Yunfei Li Zhonggao Gao college of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

Tumor metastasis,the apex of cancer progression,poses a formidable challenge in therapeutic *** tumor cells(CTCs),resilient entities originating from primary tumors or their metastases,significantly contribute to this process by demonstrating remarkable *** survive shear stress,resist anoikis,evade immune surveillance,and thwart *** comprehensive review aims to elucidate the intricate landscape of CTC formation,metastatic mechanisms,and the myriad factors influencing their *** signaling pathways,such as integrin-related signaling,cellular autophagy,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,and interactions with platelets,are examined in ***,we explore the realm of precision nanomedicine design,with a specific emphasis on the anoikis‒platelet *** innovative approach strategically targets CTC survival mechanisms,offering promising avenues for combatting metastatic cancer with unprecedented precision and *** review underscores the indispensable role of the rational design of platelet-based nanomedicine in the pursuit of restraining CTC-driven metastasis.

关键词： CTCs Anoikis Platelet Cancer stem cell Metastasis Platelet‒CTC interaction Platelet targeting Nanomedicines

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A randomized,controlled,open label non-inferiority trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus iron sucrose in patients with iron deficiency anemia in China

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Frontiers of medicine 2024年第1期18卷 98-108页

作者： Jie Jin Zhihua Ran Emanuele Noseda Bernard Roubert Matthieu Marty Anna Mezzacasa Udo Michael Göring The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University College of MedicineHangzhou310058China Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China Vifor Pharma Glattbrugg8152Switzerland

Iron deficiency(ID)and ID anemia(IDA)pose significant public health concerns in *** iron sucrose(IS)treatment is well-established in the country,ferric carboxymaltose(FCM)offers the advantage of higher doses and fewer *** open label,randomized,controlled,non-inferiority trial was conducted at multiple sites in China to compare the outcomes of FCM(maximum of 2 doses,500 or 1000 mg iron)and IS(up to 11 infusions,200 mg iron)treatments in subjects with *** primary endpoint was the achievement of hemoglobin(Hb)response(an increase of⩾2 g/dL from baseline)within 8 weeks,whereas secondary endpoints included changes in Hb,transferrin saturation,and serum ferritin *** the 371 randomized subjects,a similar percentage of subjects treated with FCM and IS achieved Hb-response(FCM 99.4%,IS 98.3%),thereby confirming the non-inferiority of FCM compared with IS(difference 1.12(−2.15,4.71;95%confidence interval(CI))).Furthermore,a significantly higher proportion of FCM-treated subjects achieved early Hb-response at Week 2(FCM 85.2%,IS 73.2%;difference 12.1(3.31,20.65;95%CI)).Additionally,the increase in TSAT and serum ferritin levels from baseline was significantly greater at all time points for FCM-treated *** safety profiles of FCM and IS were comparable,with the exception of transient hypophosphatemia and pyrexia,which are consistent with FCM’s known safety *** conclusion,FCM proves to be an efficacious treatment for IDA,providing faster Hb-response and correction of ID with fewer administrations than IS.

关键词： iron deficiency anemia intravenous iron ferric carboxymaltose iron sucrose Hb response early response

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 804-812页

作者： XIAOYU NIE HAOTIAN SONG WENHAN REN ZHEDONG ZHANG TAO PENG MARLAN O.SCULLY Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA School of Physics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Physics City University of Hong KongHong KongChina baylor University WacoTexas 76706USA

The generation of speckle patterns via random matrices, statistical definitions, or apertures may not always result in optimal outcomes. Issues such as correlation fluctuations in low ensemble numbers and diffraction in long-distance propagation can arise. Instead of improving results of specific applications, our solution is catching deep correlations of patterns with the framework, Speckle-Net, which is fundamental and universally applicable to various systems. We demonstrate this in computational ghost imaging(CGI) and structured illumination microscopy(SIM). In CGI with extremely low ensemble number, it customizes correlation width and minimizes correlation fluctuations in illuminating patterns to achieve higher-quality images. It also creates non-Rayleigh nondiffracting speckle patterns only through a phase mask modulation, which overcomes the power loss in the traditional ring-aperture method. Our approach provides new insights into the nontrivial speckle patterns and has great potential for a variety of applications including dynamic SIM, X-ray and photo-acoustic imaging, and disorder physics.

关键词： CGI Deep ghost

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MiR-4465-modified mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles inhibit liver fibrosis development via targeting LOXL2 expression

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第7期25卷 594-604页

作者： Yanjin WANG Yifei CHEN Fuji YANG Xiaolong YU Ying CHU Jing ZHOU Yongmin YAN Jianbo XI Department of Laboratory medicine Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityJiangsu UniversityChangzhou 213017China Department of Laboratory medicine School of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer medicine Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhou 213017China

Liver fibrosis is a significant health burden,marked by the consistent deposition of ***,the currently available treatment approaches for this condition are far from *** oxidase-like protein 2(LOXL2)secreted by hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)is a crucial player in the cross-linking of matrix collagen and is a significant target for treating liver *** stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles(MSC-sEVs)have been proposed as a potential treatment option for chronic liver *** studies have found that MSC-sEV can be used for microRNA delivery into target cells or *** is currently unclear whether microRNA-4465(miR-4465)can target LOXL2 and inhibit HSC ***,it is uncertain whether MSC-sEV can be utilized as a gene therapy vector to carry miR-4465 and effectively inhibit the progression of liver *** study explored the effect of miR-4465-modified MSC-sEV(MSC-sEVmiR-4465)on LOXL2 expression and liver fibrosis *** results showed that miR-4465 can bind specifically to the promoter of the LOXL2 gene in ***,MSC-sEVmiR-4465 inhibited HSC activation and collagen expression by downregulating LOXL2 expression in ***-sEVmiR-4465 injection could reduce HSC activation and collagen deposition in the CCl4-induced mouse ***-sEVmiR-4465 mediating via LOXL2 also hindered the migration and invasion of HepG2 *** conclusion,we found that MSC-sEV can deliver miR-4465 into HSC to alleviate liver fibrosis via altering LOXL2,which might provide a promising therapeutic strategy for liver diseases.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC) Small extracellular vesicle(sEV) MicroRNA-4465(miR-4465) Hepatic stellate cell(HSC) Liver fibrosis

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Betulinic acid protects against ovarian impairment by decreasing F-2 toxin-induced oxidative stress and inflammation associated with the downregulation of p38 expression in mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1292-1302页

作者： Li Kong Xinyu Gao Lijuan Zhu Xing Lin You Huang Chunlin Huang Wenjiang Yang Yazhi Chen Haoqiang Zhao Jing Wu Zhihang Yuan Jin’e Yi Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care College of Veterinary MedicineHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

F-2 toxin is an estrogenic mycotoxin that causes reproductive disorders in *** acid(BA)is a natural pentacyclic lupane-structure triterpenoid that has diverse pharmacological *** this study,the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of BA and its underlying mechanism are explored in F-2 toxin-triggered mouse ovarian *** found that BA alleviated the F-2 toxin-induced ovarian impairment by stimulating follicle growth,reducing inflammatory cell infiltration,repairing damaged mitochondria and endoplasmic ***,BA not only reversed F-2 toxin-induced reduction of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and luteinizing hormone(LH)levels in the serum,but also restrained the protein expression of the estrogen receptors a(ERa)and ERβ.Moreover,BA restored the balance of F-2 toxin-induced ovarian redox system ***,we found that 0.25 mg/kg BA played an anti-inflammatory role in the F-2 toxin-induced ovarian impairment by decreasing interleukin-1β(IL-1β).IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)mRNA expression,as well as inhibiting p38 protein *** data demonstrated that BA exerts its protective effect on F-2 toxin-induced ovarian oxidative impairment and inflammation by inhibiting p38 expression,which implies a natural product-based medicine to ameliorate F-2 toxin-caused female reproductive toxicity and provides a detoxifying method for food contaminated by mycotoxin.

关键词： Betulinic acid F-2 toxin Ovarian damage p38 MAPK signaling pathway

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Dysbiosis promotes recurrence of adenomatous polyps in the distal colorectum

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第8期16卷 3600-3623页

作者： Li-Li Yin Ping-Qian Qi Yun-Fei Hu Xiao-Jun Fu Rui-Shan He Meng-Meng Wang Yan-Juan Deng Su-Yi Xiong Qi-Wen Yu Jin-Ping Hu Lv Zhou Zhi-Bin Zhou Ying Xiong Huan Deng The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina The Second college of Clinical medicine Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Tumor Immunology Institute Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Department of General medicine The Second College of Clinical MedicineJiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031Jiangxi ProvinceChina The Ministry of Education Basic Research and Innovation Center for the Targeted Therapeutics of Solid Tumors Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031Jiangxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colorectal polyps,which are characterized by a high recurrence rate,represent preneoplastic conditions of the *** to unclear mechanisms of pathogenesis,first-line therapies for non-hereditary recurrent colorectal polyps are limited to endoscopic *** recent studies suggest a mechanistic link between intestinal dysbiosis and polyps,the exact compositions and roles of bacteria in the mucosa around the lesions,rather than feces,remain *** To clarify the composition and diversity of bacteria in the mucosa surrounding or 10 cm distal to recurrent intestinal *** Mucosal samples were collected from four patients consistently with adenomatous polyps(Ade),seven consistently with non-Ade(Pol),ten with current Pol but previous Ade,and six healthy individuals,and bacterial patterns were evaluated by 16S rDNA *** discriminant analysis and Student’s t-tests were used to identify the genus-level bacteria differences between groups with different colorectal polyp ***’s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the correlation between intestinal bacteria at the genus level and clinical *** The results confirmed a decreased level of probiotics and an enrichment of pathogenic bacteria in patients with all types of polyps compared to healthy *** changes were not restricted to the mucosa within 0.5 cm adjacent to the polyps,but also existed in histologically normal tissue 10 cm distal from the *** differences in bacterial diversity were observed in the mucosa from individuals with normal conditions,Pol,and *** abundance of Gram-negative bacteria,including Klebsiella,Plesiomonas,and Cronobacter,was observed in Pol group and Ade group,suggesting that resistance to antibiotics may be one risk factor for bacterium-related harmful ***,age and gender were linked to bacteria changes,indicating the potential involvement of sex hormone

关键词： Dysbiosis Biopsy Polyp Bacteria Colorectum

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