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The burden and psychosocial impact on immediate caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury in a tertiary health facility,Edo State,Nigeria

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Journal of Integrative nursing 2024年第2期6卷 103-110页

作者： Timothy Aghoghko EHWARIEME Uzezi JOSIAH Auwuli EMINA Department of nursing science School of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of BeninBenin CityEdo StateNigeria Department of nursing science Delta State University AbrakaDelta StateNigeria Department of nursing science Faculty of Basic Medical and Health SciencesBenson Idahosa UniversityBenin CityEdo StateNigeria

Objective:This study aimed to assess the burden and psychosocial impact of spinal cord injury on the immediate caregivers at a tertiary health facility in Benin City,Edo State.Materials and Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was adopted among 73 family caregivers in the neurological ward of a tertiary health facility using a structured questionnaire as instrument of data collection.Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression.Results:Findings revealed that an overall mean of 2.73 indicates that the burden on the caregivers was moderate with a moderate psychological impact(m=2.88)and a high sociological impact(m=3.12).Factors affecting the caregiving provided by immediate caregivers include social and household responsibilities(94.5%),financial situation(89.0%),family support(83.6%),and health status of the caregiver(80.8%).Age(odds ratio[OR]=5.67,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.23-27.17,P=0.027),education(OR=3.75,95%CI:1.05-13.39,P=0.041),and“others”(spouses,siblings,friends,or extended family members)(OR=3.167,95%CI:1.583-6.337,P=0.001)were predictors for high psychological impact while education(OR=0.074;95%CI:0.015-0.370,P=0.001)and caregiving role(OR=3.167;95%CI:0.1.583-6.337,P=0.001)high sociological impact.Conclusion:Majority of the caregivers experience moderate burden,moderate psychological impact,and high sociological impact.Understanding these factors is essential for developing targeted interventions and support services to address the unique needs of caregivers and mitigate the burden of caregiving on their psychosocial health.

关键词： Burden caregivers predictors of psychosocial impact psychological impact sociological impact spinal cord injury

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Research Progress on the Association between Schizophrenia and Toxoplasma gondii Infection

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2024年第6期37卷 647-660页

作者： Yiting Zhu Xiaohui Yang Miaoru Chen Yu Hu Yunfeng Chang Xiang Wu Department of Forensic Medicine science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina nursing Department The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of basic Medicine science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of Parasitology Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina

Toxoplasma gondii(T.gondii or Tg),is an obligatory intracellular parasite with humans as its intermediate hosts.In recent years,significant correlations between T.gondii infection and schizophrenia have been reported,including the possible mediating mechanisms.Currently,mechanisms and hypotheses focus on central neurotransmitters,immunity,neuroinflammation,and epigenetics;however,the exact underlying mechanisms remain unclear.In this article,we review the studies related to T.gondii infection and schizophrenia,particularly the latest research progress.Research on dopamine(DA)and other neurotransmitters,the blood-brain barrier,inflammatory factors,disease heterogeneity,and other confounders is also discussed.In addition,we also summarized the results of some new epidemiological investigations.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii Schizophrenia Neurotransmitters Neuroinflammation Immunity Epigenetics

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Nicotine up-regulates SLC7A5 expression depending on TRIM29 in non-small cell lung cancer

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 582-584页

作者： Dahua Liu Haolin Ren Guimin Wen Pu Xia Biological Anthropology Institute College of Basic Medical ScienceJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoning 121000China Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning 116011China Department of Community nursing College of NursingJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoning 121000China

Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)is a malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to human health.Adenocarcinoma(LUAD)and squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC)are two common types of NSCLC.They originate from glandular and squamous cells of the bronchial epithelium,respectively.Identifying gene changes during tumorigenesis is conducive to the selection of suitable treatment methods for patients.CD98 is a heterodimeric transmembrane glycoprotein,which is composed of a heavy chain and a light chain.1 cD98 heavy chain(CD98hc),also known as 4F2hc or SLC3A2,is an 85kDa type ll transmembraneglycoprotein,which consists of a cytoplasmic region(NH2 terminal),a single chain transmembrane region,and a huge extracellular region(COOH terminal).1 CD98hc can combine with the CD98 light chain,LAT1(SLC7A5),to form CD98 protein through disulfide bonds.1 SLC7A5 is a 12 times transmembrane helix bundle protein composed of 501-535 amino acid residues1.

关键词： lung cancer NSCLC

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Ultrafast Molecular Movies:Probing Chemical Dynamics with Femtosecond Electron and X-Ray Diffraction

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1092-1109页

作者： Qianci Wang Longteng Yun Jie Yang Center of basic Molecular science Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084

Understanding the process of chemical reactions has always been a relentless pursuit for chemists.The development of femtosecond pump-probe techniques since the 1980s has revolutionized the field of chemical dynamics,enabling the capture of timeresolved snapshots of reactions on the femtosecond timescale.Starting from the 2010s,breakthroughs in femtosecond electron and X-ray sources has enabled ultrafast electron and X-ray diffraction techniques,which is able to directly reveal the temporal evolution of atomic geometries of molecules,allowing for the creation of molecular movies.Gas-phase molecular movies reveal intrinsic intramolecular processes,while liquid-phase molecular movies provide insights for complicated solvent-solute interplay.This minireview focuses on the advances in studying gasphase and liquid-phase molecular dynamics(MD)using ultrafast electron and X-ray diffraction techniques on femtosecond and picosecond timescales.The fast-developing experimental capability of the direct observation of molecular structural evolution during chemical reactions,on its natural femtosecond timescale and subangstrom length scale,offers tremendous potential for the field of chemical kinetics and MD.

关键词： molecular movie electron diffraction X-raydiffraction femtosecond gasphase liquidphase

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Manganese-Catalyzed Regioselective Hydroboration of Quinolines via Metal-Ligand Cooperation

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1535-1546页

作者： Yujie Wang Hengxu Li Haobo Yang Mingjie Fan Qiang Liu Center of basic Molecular science(CBMS) Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084

Selective reduction of readily available N-heteroarenes is important in both organic synthesis and chemical biology.Herein,we describe ligand-controlled regiodivergent hydroboration of quinolines using well-defined amido-manganese catalysts,with an emphasis on the rarely reported 1,4-regioselectivity.Mechanistic studies showed that 1,2-hydroboration of quinoline was kinetically favorable and reversible,whereas 1,4-hydroboration was under thermodynamic control.Using a 1-methyimidazolebased pincer amido-manganese complex as the catalyst,cooperative C-H…N andπ…πnoncovalent interactions between the 1-methyimidazole moiety and quinoline substrates enabled kinetic accessibility of 1,4-hydroboration,giving thermodynamically favored 1,4-hydroborated quinolines as the major products.On this basis,Mn-catalyzed 1,4-hydroboration of a series of substituted quinolines proceeded smoothly in high yields.A high turnover number of 2500 was achieved in this reaction with satisfying regioselectivity.This transformation could be further applied to the C3-selective functionalization of quinolines,highlighting the synthetic utility of this methodology.In contrast,using a pyridine-based pincer amido-manganese complex as the catalyst,which lacked the C-H…N interaction,the free-energy barrier for 1,4-hydroboration significantly increased through a N-B…N interaction between the“HMn-NB”species and quinoline,resulting in the kinetically favored 1,2-hydroboration product with excellent regioselectivity.

关键词： catalytic hydroboration N-heteroarenes regioselectivity manganese catalysis metal-ligand cooperation

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MicroRNAs:A novel signature in the metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1497-1523页

作者： Qi-Ying Wei Feng Jin Zhong-Yu Wang Bing-Jie Li Wen-Bo Cao Zhi-Yan Sun Sai-Jun Mo Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001Henan ProvinceChina Department of Perioperative Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052Henan ProvinceChina Division of Special Service Department of Basic OncologySchool of Basic MedicineZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001Henan ProvinceChina Department of basic science of Oncology School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001Henan ProvinceChina

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a malignant epithelial tumor,characterized by squamous cell differentiation,it is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally.The increased mortality rate of ESCC patients is predominantly due to the advanced stage of the disease when discovered,coupled with higher risk of metastasis,which is an exceedingly malignant charac-teristic of cancer,frequently leading to a high mortality rate.Unfortunately,there is currently no specific and effective marker to predict and treat metastasis in ESCC.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of small non-coding RNA molecules,approximately 22 nucleotides in length.miRNAs are vital in modulating gene expression and serve pivotal regulatory roles in the occurrence,progression,and prognosis of cancer.Here,we have examined the literature to highlight the intimate correlations between miRNAs and ESCC metastasis,and show that ESCC metastasis is predominantly regulated or regulated by genetic and epigenetic factors.This review proposes a potential role for miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for metastasis in ESCC metastasis,with the ultimate aim of reducing the mortality rate among patients with ESCC.

关键词： MicroRNAs Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Metastasis Signaling pathway Epigenetics mechanism

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nursing student volunteers and their level of involvement during the COVID-19 pandemic:a systematic review

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Frontiers of nursing 2024年第1期11卷 23-37页

作者： Yayu Nidaul Fithriyyah Syahirul Alim Department of Medical Surgical-nursing Faculty of MedicinePublic Health and NursingUniversitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta 55281Indonesia Department of basic&Emergency nursing Faculty of MedicinePublic Health and NursingUniversitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta 55281Indonesia

Objective:Many strategic efforts were made to address nurses'shortage in controlling Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),including recruiting student health volunteers.This review aimed to explore the contribution and involvement of nursing student volunteers during COVID-19.Methods:A systematic review was registered in PROSPERO International CRD42021283069.Electronic databases for ar ticle search included:SCOPUS,EBSCO MEDLINE,Pub Med,Pro Quest,Springer,Sage Pub,and hand searching.The critical appraisal study quality using The Joanna Briggs Institutes.Data extraction and synthesis used Population,Intervention,Comparison,Outcome,and Design(PICO and D)framework with thematic analysis.Results:Twelve studies were enrolled from 2545 retrieved,with 4 synthesized themes:(1)determinant of the involvement of nursing student volunteers during COVID-19,which includes 3 subthemes:motivations,perception,and barriers,(2)expectations and actual condition of nursing students as volunteers,(3)the need for nursing student volunteers,and(4)the impact and level of student volunteers'contribution.All student volunteers contribute to providing direct or indirect services to patients.Conclusions:This review provides an overview of nursing student volunteers'needs useful in developing competency frameworks and the role of culturally sensitive volunteers in education and training.In the future,student volunteers could choose the appropriate volunteer program and location according to their competence.

关键词： COVID-19 nursing students systematic review volunteers

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THE LIMIT CYCLE BIFURCATIONS OF A WHIRLING PENDULUM WITH PIECEWISE SMOOTH PERTURBATIONS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第3期44卷 1115-1144页

作者：杨纪华 School of Mathematics and Computer science Ningxia Normal UniversityGuyuan756000China Ningxia basic science Research Center of Mathematics Yinchuan750000China

This paper deals with the problem of limit cycles for the whirling pendulum equation x=y,y=sin x(cosx-r)under piecewise smooth perturbations of polynomials of cos x,sin x and y of degree n with the switching line x=0.The upper bounds of the number of limit cycles in both the oscillatory and the rotary regions are obtained using the Picard-Fuchs equations,which the generating functions of the associated first order Melnikov functions satisfy.Furthermore,the exact bound of a special case is given using the Chebyshev system.At the end,some numerical simulations are given to illustrate the existence of limit cycles.

关键词： whirling pendulum limit cycle Melnikov function Picard-Fuchs equation Chebyshev system

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Origin of tradeoff between movement velocity and attachment duration of kinesin motor on a microtubule

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 557-566页

作者：刘玉颖张志强 Department of Physics College of ScienceChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China basic Ministry Space Engineering UniversityBeijing 101416China

Kinesin-1 motor protein is a homodimer containing two identical motor domains connected by a common long coiledcoil stalk via two flexible neck linkers. The motor can step on a microtubule with a velocity of about 1 μm·s-1and an attachment duration of about 1 s under physiological conditions. The available experimental data indicate a tradeoff between velocity and attachment duration under various experimental conditions, such as variation of the solution temperature,variation of the strain between the two motor domains, and so on. However, the underlying mechanism of the tradeoff is unknown. Here, the mechanism is explained by a theoretical study of the dynamics of the motor under various experimental conditions, reproducing quantitatively the available experimental data and providing additional predictions. How the various experimental conditions lead to different decreasing rates of attachment duration versus velocity is also explained.

关键词： motor protein velocity detachment time processivity

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Compression and stretching of ring vortex in a bulk nonlinear medium

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 264-270页

作者：来娴静蔡晓鸥邵雅斌王悦悦 Department of basic science Zhejiang Shuren UniversityHangzhou 310015China School of sciences Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

We explore the nonlinear gain coupled Schrödinger system through the utilization of the variables separation method and ansatz technique.By employing these approaches,we generate hierarchies of explicit dissipative vector vortices(DVVs)that possess diverse vorticity values.Numerous fundamental characteristics of the DVVs are examined,encompassing amplitude profiles,energy fluxes,parameter effects,as well as linear and dynamic stability.

关键词： vector optical vortices dissipative nonlinear gain

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