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Neuro-rejuvenation for neuronal function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第10期11卷 1560-1563页

作者： Yuan Liu Richard K.Lee bascom palmer eye institute University of Miami School of Medicine

Neurodegenerative eye diseases, such as glaucoma, cause irreversible vision loss in millions of patients worldwide, creating serious medical, economic and social issues. Like other mammalian central nervous system tracts, optic nerve intrinsically lacks the capacity for axonal growth and its surrounding environment is also non-permissive to regeneration. Any axonal damage also triggers a vicious cycle of retinal ganglion cell （RGC） death. Exploring methods that can enhance RGCs survival and promote axonal regeneration will not only enable vision restoration for millions of patients, but also shed light on the treatment of other neurodegenerative diseases. In this review article, we will go through three current approaches to cure neu- rodegenerative eye diseases, including cell based therapy, neuro-regeneration and neuro-rejuvenation.

关键词： neurogenerative eye disease stem cell therapy neuro-regeneration neuro-rejuvenation recoveryof vision function

Adaptable retinal ganglion cell function: assessing autoregulation of inner retina pathways

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第12期15卷 2237-2238页

作者： Tsung-Han Chou Vittorio Porciatti bascom palmer eye institute University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

Retinal ganglion cell(RGC)function in health and disease:RGCs are extremely high-maintenance neurons connecting the eye to the brain trough the optic *** order to produce and propagate action potentials along the unmyelinated RGC axons and support axonal transport of materials back and forth from the eye to the brain,RGC require large amounts of ***,RGCs are under considerable metabolic stress when healthy and become particularly vulnerable in disease,resulting in blindness(Morgan,2004).

关键词： assessing function connecting

Axial length development in children

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第5期12卷 815-819页

作者： Austin Bach Victor M.Villegas Aaron S.Gold Wei Shi Timothy G.Murray Larkin eye institute bascom palmer eye institute Murray Ocular Oncology & Retina

AIM: To study ocular axial lengths in pediatric subjects without intraocular pathology. METHODS: An Institutional Review Board-approved consecutive retrospective chart review of axial lengths measured in pediatric subjects who underwent examination under anesthesia due to positive family history of retinoblastoma or other inherited ocular disease. Only subjects without any intraocular pathology in either eye were included. Subjects were stratified into age groups. An axial length model using a logarithmic regression algorithm was ***: Data from 330 eyes of 165 subjects were included in the study. The mean age at the time of examination was 30.62(SD 18.04)mo. The steepest increase in axial length was present during the first 10 mo of life. After 36 mo, there was no statistically significant axial length growth. CONCLUSION: This study presents the biggest series of pediatric axial lengths in healthy eyes. The axial length model developed with these data may assist in the diagnosis and management of a wide variety of pediatric ophthalmic diseases.

关键词： pediatric axial length model biometry eye development

A growing field: the regulation of axonal regeneration by Wnt signaling

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 43-52页

作者： Armando L. Garcia Adanna Udeh Karthik Kalahasty Abigail S. Hackam bascom palmer eye institute University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA

The canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a highly conserved signaling cascade that plays critical roles during embryogenesis. Wnt ligands regulate axonal extension, growth cone guidance and synaptogenesis throughout the developing central nervous system （CNS）. Recently, studies in mammalian and fish model systems have demonstrated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling also promotes axonal regeneration in the adult optic nerve and spinal cord after injury, raising the possibility that Wnt could be developed as a therapeutic strategy. In this review, we summarize experimental evidence that reveals novel roles for Wnt signaling in the injured CNS, and discuss possible mechanisms by which Wnt ligands could overcome molecular barriers inhibiting axonal growth to promote regeneration. A central challenge in the neuroscience field is developing therapeutic strategies that induce robust axonal regeneration. Although adult axons have the capacity to respond to axonal guidance molecules after injury, there are several major obstacles for axonal growth, including extensive neuronal death, glial scars at the injury site, and lack of axonal guidance signals. Research in rodents demonstrated that activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in retinal neurons and radial glia induced neuronal survival and axonal growth, but that activation within reactive glia at the injury site promoted proliferation and glial scar formation. Studies in zebrafish spinal cord injury models confirm an axonal regenerative role for Wnt/β-catenin signaling and identified the cell types responsible. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that Wnt induces axonal and neurite growth through transcription-dependent effects of its central mediator β-catenin, potentially by inducing regeneration-promoting genes. Canonical Wnt signaling may also function through transcription-independent interactions of β-catenin with cytoskeletal elements, which could stabilize growing axons and control growth cone movement.

关键词： Wnt signaling neuritogenesis retina retinal ganglion cell axonal growth regeneration spinal cord

Cell transplantation to replace retinal ganglion cells faces challenges-the Switchboard Dilemma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1138-1143页

作者： Yuan Liu Richard K.Lee bascom palmer eye institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

The mammalian retina displays incomplete intrinsic regenerative capacities;therefore,retina degeneration is a major cause of irreversible blindness such as glaucoma,agerelated macular degeneration and diabetic *** diseases lead to the loss of retinal cells and serious vision loss in the late *** cell transplantation is a great promising novel treatment for these incurable retinal degenerative diseases and represents an exciting area of regenerative *** suitable stem cell sources for transplantation including human embryonic stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells and adult stem cells have been identified as promising target ***,the retina is an elegant neuronal complex composed of various types of cells with different *** replacement of these different types of cells by transplantation should be addressed *** far,retinal pigment epithelium transplantation has achieved the most advanced stage of clinical trials,while transplantation of retinal neurons such as retinal ganglion cells and photoreceptors has been mostly studied in pre-clinical animal *** this review,we opine on the key problems that need to be addressed before stem cells transplantation,especially for replacing injured retinal ganglion cells,may be used practically for treatment.A key problem we have called the Switchboard Dilemma is a major block to have functional retinal ganglion cell *** use the public switchboard telephone network as an example to illustrate different difficulties for replacing damaged components in the retina that allow for visual *** ganglion cell transplantation is confronted by significant hurdles,because retinal ganglion cells receive signals from different interneurons,integrate and send signals to the correct targets of the visual system,which functions similar to the switchboard in a telephone network-therefore the Switchboard Dilemma.

关键词： cell transplantation optic nerve regeneration photoreceptors retina degeneration retinal ganglion cells stem cells

Reflectivity and thickness analysis of epiretinal membranes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第1期9卷 93-98页

作者： Ajay E.Kuriyan Delia Cabrera DeBuc William E.Smiddy Department of Ophthalmology Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteMiller School of Medicine University of Miami

AIM：To compare thickness and reflectivity spectral domain optical coherence tomography（SD-OCT）findings in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes（ERMs）,before and after ERM peeling surgery,with normal controls.·METHODS：A retrospective study analyzing SD-OCTs of eyes with ERMs undergoing ERM peeling surgery by one surgeon from 2008 to 2010 and normal control ***-OCTs were analyzed using a customized algorithm to measure reflectivity and *** relationship between the SD-OCT findings and best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）outcomes was also studied.·RESULTS：Thirty-four ERM eyes and 12 normal eyes were *** eyes had high reflectivity and thickness of the group of layers from the internal limiting membrane（ILM）to the retinal pigment epithelium（RPE）and the group of layers from the ILM to the external limiting membrane（ELM）.The values of reflectivity of these two groups of layers decreased postoperatively,but were still higher than normal *** contrast,preoperative eyes had lower reflectivity of two10×15 pixel regions of interest（ROIs）incorporating：1）ELM＋outer nuclear layer（ONL）and 2）photoreceptor layer（PRL）＋RPE,compared to *** values of reflectivity of these ROIs increased postoperatively,but were still lower than normal controls.A larger improvement in BCVA postoperatively was correlated with a greater degree of abnormal preoperative reflectivity and thickness findings.·C ONCLUSION：Quantitative differences in reflectivity and thickness between preoperative,postoperative,and normal SD-OCTs allow assessment of changes in the retina secondary to *** study identified hyperreflective inner retina changes and hyporeflective outer retina changes in patients with ***-OCT quantitative measures of reflectivity and/or thickness of specific groups of retinal layers and/or ROIs correlate with improvement in BCVA.

关键词： epiretinal membranes optical coherencetomography reflectivity retina imaging vitrectomy

Exploring the role of interleukin-27 as a regulator of neuronal survival in central nervous system diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2149-2152页

作者： Andrea N.Nortey Kimberly N.Garces Abigail S.Hackam bascom palmer eye institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Interleukin-27 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is involved in tissue responses to infection,cell stress,neuronal disease,and *** studies in various tissues indicate that interleukin-27 has complex activating and inhibitory properties in innate and acquired *** availability of recombinant interleukin-27 protein and mice with genetic deletions of interleukin-27,its receptors and signaling mediators have helped define the role of interleukin-27 in neurodegenerative ***-27 has been well-characterized as an important regulator of T cell activation and differentiation that enhances or suppresses T cell responses in autoimmune conditions in the central nervous *** is also accumulating that interleukin-27 has neuroprotective activities in the retina and ***-27 is secreted from and binds to infiltrating microglia,macrophage,astrocytes,and even neurons and it promotes neuronal survival by regulating pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines,neuroinflammatory pathways,oxidative stress,apoptosis,autophagy,and epigenetic ***,interleukin-27 can have the opposite effect and induce inflammation and cell death in certain *** this review,we describe the current understanding of regulatory activities of interleukin-27 on cell survival and inflammation and discuss its mechanisms of action in the brain,spinal cord,and *** also review evidence for and against the therapeutic potential of interleukin-27 for dampening harmful neuroinflammatory responses in central nervous system diseases.

关键词： central nervous system cytokine inflammatory interleukin-27 neuroprotection retina

Axon regeneration:membrane expansion and lipidomics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 989-990页

作者： Sean Meehan Sanjoy K.Bhattacharya Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Miami Integrative Metabolomics Research CenterBascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Axon regeneration requires protein synthesis and membrane *** presence of granular material was discovered in the perikaryon of neurons but not axons using Nissl staining(Gomes,2019).This is one of the characteristic ... 详细信息

关键词： expansion. expansion regeneration

Long-term chorioretinal changes following strabismus surgery——possible occult needle penetration

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第3期13卷 518-519页

作者： Victor M.Villegas Stephen G.Schwartz Craig A.McKeown Harry W.Flynn Jr bascom palmer eye institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFlorida 33136United States

Dear Editor,cleral penetration during strabismus surgery was k3 first reported over 50 years ago[1].Early manuscripts reported the incidence of this complication around 10%[1].However,more recent studies suggest that ... 详细信息

关键词： IRB possible occult needle penetration Long-term chorioretinal changes following strabismus surgery